Introduction to

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Unit 2

• Introduction to
• The Middle Ages

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Question Approximately what time period does
this map represent?
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The Vikings

• (Norsemen, Normans)
• Germanic People from Scandinavia
• (Norway, Sweden, Denmark)
• 2. First appear in recorded history in
• 793 AD Lindisfarne, Scotland
• 3. Not Christian
• 4. Equivalent to pirates

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The Viking Ship
The Dragon Ship (or Long Boat) 1.
Had fearsome carved figure heads 2. Able to
move far up stream because boats had a
very shallow draft 3. They were
excellent navigators 4. This allowed them
to get to Iceland, Greenland, coast of
N. America (c. 1000 AD)
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The Muslims

• Invaded Europe via Northern Africa, Spain and the
  Mediterranean Sea
• Progress stopped at the Battle of Tours
• Conquered for religious rather than material
  reasons

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The Magyars

• From Western Asia
• Settled on plains of Hungary and raided western
  Europe
• Defeated at the Battle of Lechfield in Germany in
  955
• Converted to Christianity
• Created Kingdom of Hungary

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Question What inaccuracy do you see on this map?
What has changed?
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The Middle Ages
Feudalism Subinfeudation 1. Hierarchical
society 2. The Feudal Contract - Solidifies
relationship between levels
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The Middle Ages

• Nobility (Lord/Vassals/Knights)
• Aristocratic Warrior Class, who enjoyed a special
  legal status
• Immense personal freedom
• 2. Responsibility only to the lord
• - Raising troops
• -Commanding troops
• -Protecting Lords land

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The Middle Ages
Boys After 7 Placed in the house of the
fathers friend 1. Trained in war 2.
Read Latin 3. Care for lords house and
equipment 20 Years Old Knighthood 1. Follow
Chivalry 2. Travel 3. Tournaments
Anywhere between 20 and 1. Becomes lord of
the manor
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The Middle Ages

• Girls
• After 7
• Learned to manage a house
• At 16
• Married (husband normally in his 30s)
• After 16
• Managed manor house
• Had Children
• Subservient to husband
• Some Exceptions-Eleanor of Aquitaine

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The Middle Ages
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The Middle Ages

• New Technology
• Horseshoe
• Plow
• 3 Field System

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The Middle Ages
Development of Manorialism MANOR An
agricultural estates run by a Lord and worked by
Peasants. It was the basic unit of rural
organization.
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The Middle Ages
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The Middle Ages Life in a Medieval City

• -Surrounded by stone walls
• Narrow winding roads
• Wooden houses built overhanging the streets
• Castles or Churches dominated the landscape
• Inns Taverns Develop
• Dirty
• Human and Animal Waste
• Soot filled air
• Water filled with
• Blood, Hair, Tanning Acids, Fat

What affect would these characteristics have on
health?
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The Middle Ages

• City Organization
• Cities were divided into areas occupied by
  certain guilds
• Guilds
• A specialized group of merchants
• Two Basic Types
• 1. Merchant Guilds
• - Merchants were able to split costs of
• shipping goods
• 2. Craft Guilds
• - Determined who could enter the profession
• - Determined price, quality and quantity

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The Middle Ages
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