Extra Dimensions with Many Inverse Femptobarns at the Tevatron

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Extra Dimensions with Many Inverse Femptobarns at
the Tevatron

• Universal Extra Dimensions
• Warped Extra Dimensions Beyond RS1
• - SM in the bulk
• Brane Kinetic Terms
• Extended Manifolds
• Higgsless Models of EWSB
• Truly Exotic
• Branon Production

J. Hewett
Mini-BSM Workshop
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• Universal Extra Dimensions

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Universal Extra Dimensions
Appelquist, Cheng, Dobrescu

• All SM fields in TeV-1, 5d, S1/Z2 bulk
• No branes! ? translational invariance is
  preserved
• ? tree-level conservation
  of p5
• KK number conserved at tree-level
• broken at higher order by boundary terms
• KK parity conserved to all orders, (-1)n
• Consequences
• KK excitations only produced in pairs
• Relaxation of collider precision EW constraints
• Rc-1 300 GeV
• Lightest KK particle is stable (LKP) and is Dark
  Matter candidate
• Boundary terms separate masses and give SUSY-like
  spectrum

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Universal Extra Dimensions Bosonic SUSY
Spectrum looks like SUSY !

• Phenomenology looks like Supersymmetry
• Heavier particles cascade down to LKP
• LKP Photon KK state
• appears as missing ET
• SUSY-like Spectroscopy
• Confusion with SUSY if discovered _at_ LHC !

Chang, Matchev,Schmaltz
No Tevatron expt limits to date!
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1st Excitation Quark Production _at_ Tevatron
Production Processes
ii, v, iii
i, iv
Rizzo, hep-ph/0106336
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How to distinguish SUSY from UED I

• Observe KK states in ee- annihilation
• Measure their spin via
• Threshold production, s-wave
• vs p-wave
• Distribution of decay products
• However, could require CLIC
• energies...

JLH, Rizzo, Tait Datta, Kong, Matchev
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How to distinguish SUSY from UED II
Datta, Kong, Matchev

• Observe higher level (n 2) KK states
• Pair production of q2q2, q2g2, V2 V2
• Single production of V2 via (1) small KK number
  breaking couplings and (2) from cascade decays of
  q2

Discovery reach _at_ Tevatron/LHC
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How to distinguish SUSY from UED III

• Measure the spins of the KK states Difficult!
• Decay chains in SUSY and UED

Form charge asymmetry
Smillie, Webber
Works for some, but not all, regions of parameter
space
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• Warped Extra Dimensions

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Localized Gravity Warped Extra Dimensions
Randall, Sundrum
Bulk Slice of AdS5 ?5 -24M53k2 k curvature
scale
Naturally stablized via Goldberger-Wise
Hierarchy is generated by exponential!
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4-d Effective Theory
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo hep-ph/9909255
KK Graviton Wavefunction Interactions
Phenomenology governed by two parameters ?? or
m1 TeV k/MPl ? 0.1
5-d curvature R5 20k2 lt M52
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Drell-Yan Production Randall-Sundrum Graviton
Resonances
-
Tevatron pp ? G(1) ? ll-
1st 2nd KK cross sections
Different curves for k/MPl 0.1 1.0
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo
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Tevatron limits on RS Gravitons
CDF Drell-Yan spectrum
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Peeling the Standard Model off the Brane

• Model building scenarios require SM bulk fields
• Gauge coupling unification
• Supersymmetry breaking
• ? mass generation
• Fermion mass hierarchy
• .

SM gauge fields alone in the bulk violate
custodial symmetry! Gauge boson KK towers have
coupling gKK 8.4gSM !! Precision EW Data
Constrains m1A gt 25 TeV ? ?? gt 100 TeV!
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo Pomarol
Fix 1 Enlarge EW gauge group to SU(2)L x SU(2)R
, preserves custodial symmetry
Agashe, Sundrum
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Fix 2 Add Fermions in the Bulk
Ghergetta, Pomarol Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo

• Introduces new parameter, related to fermion
  Yukawa
• mfbulk ?k, with ? O(1) and determines
  location in bulk
• Zero-mode fermions couple weaker to gauge KK
  states than brane fermions

Precision EW collider constraints on mass of
1st gauge KK state
LHC
Tevatron
k/MPl 1, 0.1, 0.01
towards Planck brane
towards TeV brane
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Graviton Branching Fractions
Fermions on TeV brane
Fermions in bulk
dijets
tops
leptons
Higgs
gluons
WW
ZZ/??
B?? 2Bll
m1 1 TeV
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo, hep-ph/0006041
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Phenomenology Summary for Bulk Fermions
Precision EW
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo, hep-ph/0006041
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Fix 3 Brane Kinetic Terms

• Originally introduced to allow infinite 5th
  dimension recover 4-d behavior at short distances
  
• Generated at loop-order from brane quantum
  effects of orbifold and/or matter fields on brane
• Required as brane counter terms for bulk quantum
  effects
• 
  

Dvali etal
Georgi etal

• Brane kinetic terms are naturally present!!
• Their size is determined by the full UV theory

Appears in the action for bulk fields SGravity
M53/4 ? d4x rcd? ?(-G) R(5) (2/krc)?0?(?)
???(?-?)R(4) SGauge ? d5x -FMNFMN/(4g52) -
?(x5) F??F??/(4ga2)
?0,? ? are free parameters
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BKTs modify KK spectra masses couplings
Randall-Sundrum model graviton fields in the
bulk
KK coupling strength
ee- ? ??-
?0 0
n1
2 3
?? 1, -1, -2, -10
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo, hep-ph/0305086
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Tevatron Search Reach RS Gravitons with BKTs
1st Excitation search reach
Run I
Run II, 5 fb-1
?0 0
Curvature parameter is varied
Allows for very light Gravitons!
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo, hep-ph/0305086
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BKTs modify KK spectra masses couplings
Randall-Sundrum model gauge fields in the bulk
Precision EW bound on 1st KK state
KK coupling strength
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo, hep-ph/0212279
See also Carena etal, hep-ph/0212307
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Extend Manifold AdS5 x S?
Drastically modifies Graviton KK spectrum!
Drell-Yan (LHC)
ee- ???- (? 1)
Gives a forest of KK graviton resonances!
Davoudiasl, JLH, Rizzo hep-ph/0211377
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• Higgsless EWSB

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What good is a Higgs anyway??

• Generates W,Z Masses
• Generates fermion Masses
• Unitarizes scattering amplitudes (WLWL ? WLW L )
• Do we really need a Higgs?
• And get everything we know right.
• Our laboratory Standard Model in 1 extra warped
• dimension
• ? Minimal Particle Content!

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Generating Masses

• Consider a massless 5-d field
• ?2? (???? - ?52 ) ? 0
• looks like (???? - m2 ) ? 0
  (KK tower)
• The curvature of the 5-d wavefunction ? is
  related
• to its mass

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Toy Example Flat space with U(1) gauge field
in bulk with S1/Z2
Orbifold

• A?(y) cos (ny/R) A5(y) sin (ny/R)

Orbifold Boundary Conditions ?5A?
0 A5 0
1st KK
0-mode
0-mode is flat y independent ? m0 0
?R
0
If The Same boundary conditions are applied at
both boundaries, 0-mode is massless and U(1)
remains unbroken
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1st KK
Orbifold Boundary Conditions ?5A?
0 A5 0
0-mode
A? cannot be flat with these boundary conditions!
?5A?0
A?0

• A(y) ?n an cos(mny) bn sin(mny)
• ?5A(y) mn?n (-an sin(mny) bn cos(mny)
• BCs A(y0) 0 ? an 0
• ?5A(y?R) 0 ? cos(mn?R) 0

The zero mode is massive! A5 acts as a
Goldstone U(1) is broken
mn (n ½)/R
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Unitarity in Gauge Boson Scattering

• SM without Higgs violates perturbative unitarity
  in
• WLWL ? WLWL at ?s 1.7 TeV
• Higgs restores unitarity if mH lt TeV
• What do we do without a Higgs??

• Exchange gauge
• KK towers

Conditions on KK masses couplings (g1111)2
?k (g11k)2 4(g1111)2 M12 ?k (g11k)2 Mk2
Csaki etal, hep-ph/0305237
Necessary, but not sufficient, to guarantee
perturbative unitarity!
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Realistic Framework
Agashe etal hep-ph/0308036 Csaki etal
hep-ph/0308038

• SU(2)L x SU(2)R x U(1)B-L in 5-d Warped bulk

Planck brane
BCs restricted by variation of the action at
boundary
TeV-brane
SU(2)L x SU(2)R
SU(2) Custodial Symmetry is preserved!
SU(2)D
SU(2)R x U(1)B-L
W?, Z get TeV scale masses ? left massless!
U(1)Y
WR?, ZR get Planck scale masses
Parameters ? g5R/g5L (restricted range)
?L,Y,B,D brane kinetic terms
g5L fixed by GF , ? g5B/g5L
fixed by MZ
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Gauge KK Spectrum
Effects of Brane terms
?n zan J1(mnz) bn Y1(mnz), zeky/k
? 1
Masses are fixed by model parameters
Schematic KK Spectra
Every other neutral gauge KK level is degenerate!
Brane terms split this degeneracy And give
lighter KK states
Davoudiasl, JLH, Lillie, Rizzo hep-ph/0312193,0403
300
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What are the preferred gauge KK masses?
Tension Headache
PUV in WW scattering
needs light KKs
Colliders
Important direct constraints
Precision EW
needs heavier KKs
Is there a consistent region of parameter space?
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Scale of unitarity violation in WL scattering
Precision EW pseudo-oblique parameters
Davoudiasl, JLH, Lillie, Rizzo hep-ph/0312193,0403
300
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Collider Constraints
with Run I data
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Monte Carlo Exploration of Parameter space
Points which pass all constraints except PUV
(none pass PUV!)
Over 3M points scanned
Prefers light Z with small couplings Perfect for
the Tevatron Run II !! Realistic models put
fermions in the bulk
JLH, Lillie, Rizzo hep-ph/0407059
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• Truly Exotic

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Branon Production
Cembranos, Dobado, Moroto hep-ph/0405286 Creminell
i, Strumia, hep-ph/0007267

• Branon - fields associated with brane
  fluctuations along extra dimensions.
  Pseudo-goldstone bosons from spontaneous breaking
  of translational invariance. ? Are expected to
  be light.

Interact with SM fields via T?? Parameters N
of Branons f Brane
tension scale M Branon mass

• Parity requires branons to be produced in pairs
• Branons couple f-1 ? are weakly interacting,
  Dark
• Matter candidates
• Appear as missing ET in detector

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• Production processes
• gg ? g??, qq ? g??, ???, qg ? q??
• Monojet/photon missing ET

-
Run I
Run II Projections
N1
200 pb-1
D0 Monojet data CDF single photon data
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There are numerous discovery opportunities for
the Tevatron for the remainder of Run II !