Environmental Tobacco Smoke

1
Environmental Tobacco Smoke

• Margaret Ndetti
• Cary Oglesby
• October 12, 2007
• EVE 486
• Dr. Andre Butler

2
Overview

• What is Environmental Tobacco Smoke
• Effects of ETS on people
• Case Study
• Preventive Steps and Treatment
• Conclusion
• Questions

3
Environmental Tobacco Smoke

• The smoke released from the burning end of a
  cigarette and smoke exhaled by the smoker
• Also known as secondhand smoke

4
Environmental Tobacco Smoke

• Emissions
• Fine Airborne Particles
• 210Po a naturally occurring radionuclide
• Over 2000 compounds that are known carcinogens
  and/or irritants
• Formaldehyde, benzene, vinyl chloride, arsenic,
  ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide

5
Environmental Tobacco Smoke

• Considered more of an indoor problem than outdoor
• ETS has more of an impact on health than what was
  previously thought
• Even brief exposure can cause immediate adverse
  effects
• Half of nonsmoking Americans are still regularly
  exposed to secondhand smoke
• No risk-free level of secondhand smoke

6
Effects on Fetuses

• Low birth weight
• Causes weakness
• Increases risk for many health problems
• Mental Development Impaired
• Intelligence
• Speech and Language Skills
• Weaker lungs

7
Effects on Children

• Increased risk of cancer
• Increased risk of heart disease
• Causes sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
• Asthma attacks in infants and children
• Increased risk for ear infections
• More likely to need an operation to insert ear
  tubes for drainage

8
Effects on Adults

• Increased risk of cancer
• Increased risk of heart disease
• Causes respiratory problems
• Causes ear infections

9
CCCEH Cohort Study

• Latino and African-American pregnant mothers who
  had self-diagnosed exposure
• Found developmental delays in 32.3 of the sample
• This number is comparative to the number of
  children with developmental delays from low
  income families, 49.

10
Ways to Reduce ETS

• Home smoking restrictions
• Counseling by health professionals
• Increased tax on tobacco products
• Government subsidizing of quitting programs
• Eliminate public smoking indoors

11
Cost of Fixing the Problem

• In New York City based on CCCEH study the cost of
  treating infants
• 51 million for Medicaid patients
• 99 million for all New Yorkers
• Government quitting programs
• 165.61 per smoker

12
Conclusion

• The Surgeon General concludes that the only way
  to fully protect yourself from the dangers of
  secondhand smoke is through 100 smoke-free
  environments
• Certain manufacturers in the tobacco industry
  admit to a link between cigarette use and cancer

13
Questions
14
References

• Miller, T., et al. (2006). The Economic Impact of
  Early Life Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure
  Early Intervention for Developmental Delay.
  Children's Health. 114, 1585-1588.
• Moeller, D. W. (2005). Environmental Health.
  Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press.
• The Department of Health and Human Services.
  (2006). The Health Consequences of Involuntary
  Exposure to Tobacco Smoke A Report of the
  Surgeon General.