American Diabetes Alert Day

1
American Diabetes Alert Day

• Presentation by
• Leyla Jumayeva
• Undergraduate Research Intern

2
Diabetes Statistics

• Sixth leading cause of death in the United States
• About 20.8 million people have diabetes in United
  States
• 206,000 people with diabetes are under the age of
  20
• 6.2 million people unaware they have diabetes

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Diabetes

• A disease in which the body does not produce or
  properly use insulin
• Three major types of diabetes
• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes
• Gestational diabetes

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Diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes
• An insulin-hormone is needed to convert
  sugar/starch into energy
• Type 2 diabetes
• The body does not produce enough insulin
• Gestational diabetes
• Women who are pregnant and have high blood sugar
  level
• Affects about 4 of all pregnant women

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Symptoms of Diabetes

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Extreme hunger
• Unusual weight loss
• Increased fatigue
• Irritability
• Blurry vision

• Recurring skin, gum, or bladder infections
• Dry, itchy skin
• Slow-healing cuts or bruises
• Loss of feeling or tingling in the feet

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Diabetes Risk Factors

• Family history of diabetes
• Obesity
• Over 45 years of age
• Being of a minority population
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol levels

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Diabetes Disparities
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes by
Race/Ethnicity and Sex, United States, 19802004
http//www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/prev/nation
al/figraceethsex.htm
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Diabetes Disparities
http//www.diabetes.org/diabetes-statistics/preval
ence.jsp
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Diabetes Disparities

http//diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/i
ndex.htm
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Diabetes Prevention

• Eat a healthy diet
• Exercise regularly
• Do not smoke to lower blood pressure

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Diabetes Screening

• Fasting plasma glucose test
• Measures blood glucose after fasting for 8 hours
• Oral glucose tolerance test
• Measures blood glucose after fasting for 8 hours
  and 2 hours after drinking a glucose-containing
  beverage
• Random plasma glucose test
• Doctor checks blood glucose without regard when
  you ate your last meal
• Ask about Diabetes Self-Management Education
  (DMSE)

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Diabetes Treatment

• Insulin injections or a pump (if Type 1 diabetes)
• Adjust diet according to physicians instructions
  
• Take medications to maintain healthy cholesterol
  levels and blood pressure
• Recognize and treat low blood sugar levels

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References

• American Diabetes Association
• http//www.diabetes.org/
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention http//
  www.cdc.gov
• National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
  http//diabetes.niddk.nih.gov
• Medline Plus http//www.nlm.nih.gov

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Resources

• American Diabetes Association
• has several resources available
  http//www.diabetes.org
• Center for the Study of Health Disparities
• 112 Harrington Tower, TAMU
• 979-845-3502