Todays Objectives

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Todays Objectives

• Define a digestive system and what it does
• Identify parts of the digestive system and their
  functions
• Difference between a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant
  vs. Hind-gut Fermenter
• Identify the difference in digestive systems
  between Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut
  Fermenter
• Identify parts of the digestive system in a
  Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant

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Digestive System-What is it?

• Consists of parts of the body involved in chewing
  and digesting food
• Moves the digested feed through the animals body
  and absorbs the products of digestion

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Parts of the digestive System

• Mouth-where the food enters the animals body
• Esophagus-tube like passage from the mouth to the
  stomach
• Stomach-receives the feed and adds chemicals that
  help in the digestive process

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Parts of the digestive system

• Small Intestine- small tube that splits food
  molecules and absorbs nutrients
• Large Intestine-larger in diameter and ends with
  the rectum
• Rectum-end of GI tract, place where feces exits
  body

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Digestive System

• Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter

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Digestion in Ruminants

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What is a Ruminant?

• Animals with more then one stomach
• Chew their cud
• Cows have 4 Compartment stomachs
• Reticulum
• Rumen
• Omasum
• Abomasum

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Cattle Digestive System
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Reticulum

• Honeycomb lining
• Collects hardware (nails, wires, etc.)
• Stores, sorts, and moves feed back to the
  esophagus for regurgitation

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Rumen

• Papillae lining
• Functions as a storage vat
• Food is soaked, mixed, and fermented
• Some breakdown of feed through microbial action
• Absorption of some nutrients

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Omasum

• AKA Many plies
• Laminae lining (many folds)
• Reduces particle size
• Grinds Roughage
• Absorption of water

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Abomasum

• Only true stomach
• Feed is mixed with gastric juices
• Decrease pH from 6 to 2.5
• Denatures protein
• Kills bacteria and Pathogens
• Dissolves minerals

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Digestion in Non-Ruminants

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Swine Digestive System
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Non-Ruminants

• Monogastric System
• Has only one compartment to the stomach
• Process goes through the
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine- duodenum, jejunum, ileum
• Large intestine cecum (appendix in humans),
  colon, rectum

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Hind-gut Fermenter

• Enlarged Cecum
• Acts as a rumen in ruminants
• Not as efficient as rumen
• Roughage feeds are digested by bacterial action
• Animal eats less, but more often than ruminants
• Animal is able to utilize roughages unlike
  non-ruminants

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How digestion works

• Feed passes from mouth to esophagus then to
  stomach
• Partly digested food leaves stomach enters into
  small intestine
• Splitting of foods molecules and absorption of
  nutrients
• Stomach empties contents into small intestine
  known as the duodenum-jejunum-ileum

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How digestion works

• Small intestine to Large intestine
• Colon prevents material in large intestine from
  moving back to small intestine
• Cecum-(blind gut) does little for most animals
  except horses-roughage feeds digested by
  bacterial action

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How Digestion Works

• Large Intestine-absorbs water and nutrients that
  is not absorbed by the small intestine
• Material that is not digested and absorbed in
  small intestine passes to large intestine
• Adds mucus to enable the material to pass through
  easily
• Empties into the rectum

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In Conclusion

• Ruminants and Non-Ruminants have different
  digestive systems
• Why is the digestive system important?
• How many stomachs does a Ruminant have?
  Non-Ruminant?
• What makes a Horse different then other animals?
• Category