RENEWABLE ENERGY AND GLOBAL WARMING PARTNERSHIP IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

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• Dept. of Energy
• Renewable
• Energy
• Efficiency

Ministry of Mines and Energy

• RENEWABLE ENERGY AND GLOBAL WARMING PARTNERSHIP
  IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
• Daniel N G Zaire
• Deputy Director of Energy
• Electricity
• Workshop Presentation
• Gaborone, Botswana
• 19-20 January
• 2009

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Solar PV in Rural Electrification
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SCOPE OF PRESENTATION

• Factors Driving Energy Supply Pattern
• Global Energy Supply
• CDM Renewable Energy
• Renewable Energy in Namibia
• Recommendations

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1. FACTORS DRIVING ENERGY SUPPLY PATTERN

• Globally
• Security of supply
• Global warming climate change
• Rising prices of fossil fuels
• Developing nations
• Provision of energy for socio-economic
  development
• Rising prices of fossil fuels
• Security of supply
• Global warming climate change

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Drivers of RE Market Growth in Namibia

• Disperse population and large distances limiting
  grid electrification
• Rising cost of grid electricity (introduction of
  peak charges)
• Limiting dependence on imports (fuels,
  electricity)

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5. RENEWABLE ENERGY IN NAMIBIA ENERGY MIX
Namibia still relies on fossil fuels for primary
energy needs. Solar energy is still insignificant
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5.1. POTENTIAL RE EE PROJECTS IN NAMIBIA

• BUSH TO ELECTRICITY
• Namibia infested with approx. 26million hectares
  of invasive plant species that have rendered
  cattle farmland derelict.
• Potential annual losses estimated at over N700
  million
• harvesting controlled burning to produce
  electricity
• Carbon sequestration
• Globally, biomass contributes about 14 of total
  final energy demand
• -

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5.2. CONTRIBUTION OF SOLAR
Solar radiation levels are intense and amongst
the highest in the world
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Grid and Off-Grid Areas in Namibia
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Contribution of Solar

• Solar heating
• Namibia 6-8 sunshine hours, compared to 3-4 for
  central Europe
• MME introduced a SWH directives in August 2007
• SWH constitutes the highest portion of
  electricity generated from renewable energy in
  Namibia (Largely in off-grid areas)
• Solar water heaters can reduce peak demand by
  upto 18MW
• In Europe, the market has grown by 18 percent per
  year throughout the 1990s. There are about 178
  manufacturers in Europe and the United States.

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b. Solar thermal

• 354MW of parabolic troughs have been operating in
  the U.S. Mojave Desert since the 1980s and
  delivering electricity to the California grid)
• Some analysts have estimated that up to 30
  million square metres of solar thermal collectors
  deliver as much as 16.7 TWh of energy per year

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c. Other Technologies

• Geothermal- energy from ground (POTENTIAL
  ESTIMATED AT 900mw)
• Ocean energy- tidal, wave and ocean thermal,
  ocean current
• Biodiesel

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Barriers To Renewable Energy

• Technical Capacity in the subsector
• Policy and Regulatory Framework
• Public awareness
• Financing

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Measures Taken to Address Barriers

• Training and capacity building among technicians
  particularly in rural areas, introduction of
  stand and codes of practice
• Key Policies - Cabinet Directive on Solar Water
  Heaters, the Off-Grid Energization Master Plan
• Public Awareness Activities through radio,
  television and print
• Financing Guarantee scheme with commercial
  financial institutions, Solar Revolving Fund

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RE EE Projects in Namibia

• REEECAP
• CBEND (Combating Bush Encroachment for Namibias
  Development
• Tsumkwe
• NamPower wind project
• Training on SWH fabrication
• Namibia Energy Efficiency Programme
• Namrep

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6. RECOMMENDATIONS

• A review of the current regulatory frameworks
  policies to capture RE EE
• Carbon levy to stimulate development in RE EE
  (e.g. like South Africas 0.2c/kWh on non RE
  electricity)
• Strengthening capacity in RE EE, CDM DNA
  offices to fully participate in the carbon market

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THANK YOU

• Daniel Ndjai Gerson ZaireDeputy Director of
  EnergyElectricity
• Ministry of Mines and EnergyTel264-61-284-8316
  Cell 264-0-811-243-733Email dzaire_at_mme.gov.na