Fish Trade, Safety, Quality and Environmental issues

1
Fish Trade, Safety, Quality and Environmental
issues

• Lahsen Ababouch
• Service Chief
• Fish Utilization and Marketing
• Department of Fisheries
• FAO, Rome.
• UNCTAD Workshop on standards and trade. Geneva.
  16-17/5/2002

2
Main issues

• Safety and quality
• Eco-labelling
• Traceability
• Conservation (CITES)

3
WORLD PRODUCTION
4
WORLD EXPORTS
5
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
6
Net exports by developing countries (US million)
2000
7
HUMAN CONSUMPTION
8
EXPORTS IN 2000 (VALUE)
9
Safety and quality issues

• Chemical pollutants (aquatic environment, need
  for monitoring programs)
• Molluscs bivalves (aquatic environment, need for
  monitoring programs)
• Other fish and fishery products
• Fish and Fishery products in the forefront

10
(No Transcript)
11
Major Stakeholders

• The fish industry
• The control Authoriti(es)
• Support institutions
• Consumer and consumer advocate groups

12
Third countries authorized to exports fish to
the EU (List 1)
13
Future issues

• HACCP implementation
• Risk analysis
• Harmonization and Equivalency

14
Eco-labelling

• Labelling a product to identify it as having been
  produced by ecologically friendly practices
• Characterize the ecological friendliness
  attribute(s) of the product/process
• Let the consumer know about it
• If there is a demand the attribute(s), product
  price and market shares will go up

15
Which Attributes?

• Resource sustainability
• By-catch and discard catch
• Fishing techniques
• Marine Species conservation (CITES)
• Environmental impact (Product LCA) energy and
  water consumption, pollution, clean technologies
• Others Gender, labor regulations,..
• Artisanal fisheries and cost of eco-labeling

16
Trends in state of stocks
60
Fully Fished
50
40
Moderately fished UM
30
20
Overfished ODR
10
0
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
17
Traceability

• Traceability is the ability to trace the history,
  application or location of any entity by means of
  recorded identifications
• Market driven demand
• Analytical techniques

18
Traceability

• Where was the fish caught?
• When was it caught?
• How has it been processed? (GMP)
• Is it safe to eat? (HACCP)
• Environment friendliness
• Consumer driven, regulators, trade partners,...

19
Traceability of food products

• new EU legislation from 2002 requires to label
  consignments by identifying the species name,
  production method and catch area
• trade barrier ?
• Can developing countries afford sophisticated
  traceability systems ?

20
CITES

• Inclusion of commercial marine species ?
• Debated at the CITES Standing Committee (March
  2002) for amendments of criteria, CITES
  Conference (November 2002)
• Because FAO has a consultative right
• Activities FAO second technical consultation -
  Namibia, October 2001FAO COFI-Fish Trade,
  February 2002