Male Reproductive Disorders - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Male Reproductive Disorders

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Title: Male Reproductive Disorders


1
Male Reproductive Disorders STDs
  • Chapters 39, 41 42
  • By Angie Lawson RN, BSN

2
Male AP Review
  • External Structures
  • Penis
  • Scrotum
  • Internal Structures
  • Testes
  • Epididymidis
  • Vas deferens
  • Seminal vesicles
  • Prostate gland
  • Bulbourethral glands

3
Assessment
  • History
  • Risk for STDs
  • Contraceptive use
  • Ability to achieve sustain an erection
  • Pain during intercourse
  • Premature ejaculation
  • Infertility
  • Prior surgeries or treatments

4
Assessment cont
  • Physical Examination
  • Transillumination
  • Testicular self exam
  • Breast self -exam
  • Diagnostic Tests
  • Ultrasound
  • Cystourethroscopy
  • Fertility tests

5
Prostatitis
  • Inflammation of the prostate gland
  • Pain/discomfort
  • Low back pain
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Dysuria
  • Urethral discharge

6
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
  • An increased number of noncancerous cells in the
    prostate bland
  • Symptom onset is gradual
  • Inability to void
  • Medications Treatments
  • TURP
  • Terazosin (Hytrin)
  • Finasteride (Proscar)

7
Prostate Cancer
  • Prostatic cancer grows slowly and has a high
    survival rate if detected early.
  • No symptoms at first, later urinary frequency,
    nocturia and dysuria

8
Penile Disorders
  • Peyroniess Disease
  • Priapism
  • Phimosis Paraphimosis

9
Priapism
  • Persistent Engorgement of the penis without
    sexual stimulation
  • Causes drug side effects or vascular problem

10
Phimosis Paraphimosis
  • Pain with erection and intercourse
  • Unable to retract the foreskin
  • Painful swelling of the glans, severe edema and
    urinary retention.
  • Strangulation of the glans penis by the foreskin

11
Penile Cancer
  • Rare, possibly cause by chronic skin irritations
  • Lesion on the penis, that may become infected
    over time.

12
Testicular Disorders
  • Cryptorchidism
  • Hydrocele
  • Varicocele

13
Cryptorchidism
  • No signs and symptoms noted
  • Scrotum feels empty

14
Hydrocele, Spermatocele Varicocele
  • All present as swelling of the scrotum
  • Hydrocele
  • fluid around testicles-no teatment
  • Spermatocele
  • cystic mass on epididymis - no teatment
  • Varicoceles
  • dilated veins untreated causes infertility

15
Epididymitis Orchitis
  • Inflammation of the epididymis
  • Inflammation of the testis
  • Pain, swelling, fever, chills, scrotal skin red
    and tense

16
Testicle Cancer
  • Cancer in the testicle, that is a highly
    metastasizing cancer
  • Swelling of the scrotum, a noticeable lump,
    abdominal pain, weakness aching in the testes.

17
Sexual Functioning
  • Vasectomy
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Impotence
  • Inability to achieve or maintain an erection
  • Causes aging, testosterone insufficiency, drug
    side effects, atherosclerosis, hypertension,
    diabetes, anxiety or depression
  • Infertility

18
Vasectomy
  • Done in a Dr. Office, ligation of the vas
    deferens
  • Vasovasostomy a surgical attempt to reverse a
    vasectomy

19
Sexually Transmitted Diseases(STDs)
20
Common STDs
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Herpes Infection
  • Venereal Warts

21
Chlamydia
  • Most common, fastest spreading, caused by
    chlamydia trachomatis
  • Most are asymptomatic, if they occur, clear
    urethral discharge, redness, irritation, dysuria,
    lower abd pain, or testicular pain

22
Gonorrhea
  • High incidence in 15-24 yr olds, caused by
    Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
  • Many women are asymptomatic, but may have
    white/yellow discharge, cervicitis, dysuria, men
    have urethritis

23
Syphilis
  • Curable, transmitted from blood, caused by the
    spirochete, Treponema pallidum
  • Early-painless papule, later-papule ulcerates,
    fever, malaise, rash, headache, sore throat,
    lymph node enlargement

24
Trichomonas
  • May also be transmitted through nonsexual contact
  • Redness, swelling, itching, and burning

25
Herpes Infection
  • Highly contagious, not curable, caused by herpes
    simplex virus type 2
  • Vesicles on the penis, prepuce, buttocks, thighs,
    introitus, or cervix, burning itching,
    ulcerations, flu symptoms, headache

26
Genital Warts
  • Called condylomas, reoccuring, more susceptible
    in immunodeficient people
  • Painless, single or in a cluster, soft, fleshy
    growths, turn white when vinegar is applied

27
Hepatitis B
  • Early signs - loss of appetite, rashes, malaise,
    pain, headaches, nausea, vomiting
  • Hepatitis B liver cancer
  • Late signs dark urine, light stool, jaundice,
    spleen enlargement, liver tenderness cirrhosis,
    coma, death

28
Genital Parasites
  • Not a true STD, but can be transmitted through
    close body contact
  • Lice Scabies

29
Pharmacology
  • Penecillin
  • Uses syphilis, gonorrhea
  • Adverse reactions glossitis, stomatitis,
    gastritis, furry tongue, nausea vomiting
  • Norfloxacin
  • Uses uncomplicated gonorrhea, prostatitis
  • Adverse reactions diarrhea, headache, abdominal
    discomfort, superinfections

30
Pharmacology Cont
  • Metronidazole (flagyl)
  • Uses trichomonas
  • Adverse reactions- nausea, anorexia, seizures,
    numbness
  • Spectinomycin (trobicin)
  • Uses gonorrhea
  • Adverse reacions soreness at inj. site.
    urticaria, sudden decrease in blood pressure.

31
Pharmacology Cont
  • Acyclovir (Zovirax)
  • Uses herpes simplex, herpes zoster
  • Adverse Reactions N V, diarrhea, headache,
    dizziness, lethargy, rashes
  • Docosanol (Abreva)
  • Uses HSV types 12
  • Adverse reactions headache, skin rash

32
Pharmacology Cont
  • Imiquimod
  • Uses external genitalia and perianal warts
  • Adverse reactions local skin irritations,
    itching, excoriation
  • Indinavir
  • Uses HIV infections
  • Adverse reactions headache, NV, diarrhea,
    cough, dysuria, acne

33
Pharmacology Cont
  • Valacyclovir (valtrex)
  • Uses HSV type 2 herpes zoster
  • Adverse reactions NV, headache, dizziness,
    anorexia, diarrhea
  • Zidovudine AZT (retrovir)
  • Uses HIV infection
  • Adverse reactions asthenia, malaise, weakness,
    headache, anorexia, diarrhea, NV, dizziness,
    insomnia, anemia, agranulocytosis

34
Pharmacology Cont
  • Fluconazole (diflucan)
  • Uses vaginal candidiasis
  • Adverse reactions headache, NV, diarrhea, skin
    rash
  • Ibuprofen (motrin, advil)
  • Uses painful dysmenorrhea
  • Adverse reactions nausea, dizziness, dyspepsia,
    gastric/duodenal ulcer formation, GI bleeding,
    headache

35
Pharmacology Cont
  • Naproxen (aleve, anaprox)
  • Uses dysmenorrhea
  • Adverse reactions dizziness, visual
    disturbances, headache, NV, gastric/duodenal
    ulcers
  • Rofecoxib (vioxx)
  • Uses primary dysmenorrhea
  • Adverse reactions headache, dizziness, insomnia,
    rash, dyspepsia, fatigue

36
Pharmacology Cont
  • Urofollitropin (Fertinex)
  • Uses induction of ovulation
  • Adverse reactions ovarian enlargement, NV,
    breast tenderness, ectopic pregnancy, abdominal
    discomfort
  • Methyltestosterone (Android)
  • Uses hypogonadism, impotence, postpubertal
    cryptochidism, female breast cancer
  • Adverse reactions gynecomastia, testicular
    atrophy, impotence, enlargement of penis, nausea,
    male pattern baldness, amenorrhea

37
Pharmacology Cont
  • Finasteride (Proscar)
  • Uses BPH, prevention of male pattern baldness
  • Adverse reactions impotence, decreased libido,
    decreased volume of ejaculate
  • Conjugated estrogens (Premarin)
  • Uses problems assoc. with menopause
  • Adverse reactions headache, migraine, dizziness,
    depression, insomnia, cramps, spotting, edema,
    breast pain, HTN, gallbladder disease

38
Pharmacology Cont
  • Medroxyprogesterone (Provera)
  • Uses amenorrhea, endometrial hypoplasia
  • Adverse reactions spotting, amenorrhea, breast
    tenderness, weight gain, depression
  • Estrogens Progestins Combo (Prempro)
  • Uses treament of moderate to severe symptoms of
    menopause
  • Adverse reactions same as premarin and provera

39
Pharmacology Cont
  • Contraceptives (oral)
  • Ortho novums, Desogen, Triphasil, Ortho
    Tri-Cyclen,
  • Contraceptives (implantable and injectable
  • Norplant surgical incision with implantation of
    6 hormone capsules
  • Depo-provera given IM every 3 months
  • Ortho evra - patch applied each week times 3
    then off for 1 week.

40
Pharmacology Cont
  • Hepatitis B Vaccine (Engerix B)
  • Uses immunity against hepatitis b infections
  • Adverse reactions headache, vertigo, dizziness,
    paresthesia, insomnia, pruritus, nausea,
    dyspepsia, diarrhea, local pain at site, flu like
    symptoms, fatigue and earache
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