Ancient Greece Ch' 5

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Ancient Greece Ch. 5

• Ch.5.1 First Cultures

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Geography

• The Land
• Balkan Peninsula

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Geography

• The Land
• - Identify 2 DEFINING physical characteristics
  of ancient Greece

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Geography

• The Land
• - Identify 2 DEFINING physical characteristics
  of ancient Greece
• 1. Mountains ¾ of area
• 2. Islands Over 1400

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Geography

• The Land
• IMPACT ON GREEK
• 1. Cities
• Small independent City States
• Self-governing
• Difficult to unite Greeks under single Govt

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Geography

• The Land
• IMPACT ON GREEK
• 2. Transportation
• Difficult over land
• Sparta to Olympia 60 miles 7 day journey

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Geography

• The Land
• IMPACT ON GREEKS
• 3. Agriculture
• 20 of land suitable for farming
• Fertile valleys
• No major river systems
• - Mt. streams unsuitable for irrigation

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Geography

• The Sea
• Majority of Greeks lived within 85 miles of the
  sea
• Major Seas
• Ionian (west)
• Aegean (east)
• Mediterranean (south)
• Black Sea (N-west) connect to Aegean

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Geography

• The Sea
• IMPACT ON GREEK
• 1. Lifestyle
• Skilled sailors
• Fishermen

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Geography

• The Sea
• IMPACT ON GREEK
• 2. Transportation
• Highly important to Greeks
• Quick

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Geography

• The Sea
• IMPACT ON GREEK
• 3. Trade (connection to outside world)
• TRADE ROUTES
• Greece poor in natural resources
• Rich in
• Olives (olive oil), Grapes (wine)
• Poor in
• Timber, metals, farmland

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Geography

• Climate
• Winters 48 F, Summers 80s F
• Greeks Outdoor lifestyle

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Mycenaean Civilization

• Mycenaeans settled Greek mainland 2000 B.C.E
• Mycenae leading city of civilization
• 20 ft thick defensive walls

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Mycenaean Civilization

• Culture Trade
• Warrior Kings
• ruled cities surrounding areas
• Ruled Islands
• Wealthy
• HOW DID WARRIOR KINGS INCREASE WEALTH?
• Controlled production trade of goods
• Led armies to plunder neighboring areas

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Mycenaean Civilization

• Culture Trade
• Bronze Age
• Warrior - Kings nobles
• had gold, used bronze armor

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Mycenaean Civilization

• Culture Trade
• Commoners
• farmers, weavers, goat-herders
• Used stone wood tools

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Mycenaean Civilization

• Minoan Influence
• Value of trade
• Minoan writing system
• Linear B
• Decorated vases
• Legends Myths
• Became core of Greek religious practices

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Significance Syllable based writing
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Trojan War

• Around 1200 B.C.
• Mycenaean Kings vs. Troy
• Troy Independent trading city in Anatolia
  (Turkey)
• Ruins of Troy
• Discovered in 1870, Heinrich Schliemann

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Legend of Troy

• Mycenaeans
• Agamemnon
• Achilles
• Odysseus
• Menelaus
• King of Sparta
• Husband of HELEN

• Trojans
• King Priam
• Hector
• Paris
• Steals Helen

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Greek Culture Declines

• Dorians
• Post-Trojan War, Mycenaean civ. Collapses
• Dorians settle into region
• Less advanced than Mycenaeans
• Economy collapsed
• Writing disappeared for 400 years (1150 750
  B.C.E)

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Greek Culture Declines

• Homer
• - Greeks greatest storyteller
• - Epics narrative poems celebrating heroic
  deeds
• - The Illiad, The Odyssey
• - stories passed down through oral tradition
  (spoken word)

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Greek Culture Declines

• Greek Myths
• 1. created to understand mysteries of nature
  power of human passions
• - Storms - love
• - winter - jealousy

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Greek Culture Declines

• Greek Myths
• 2. Gods Goddesses
• - human characteristics qualities

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Greek Gods

• Zeus god of the sky ruler of Olympus
• Hera goddess of marriage consort of Zeus
• Poseidon god of the sea and earthquakes
• Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty Apollo god
  of the arts (esp. poetry and music), archery, and
  divination Ares god of war

• Artemis goddess of the hunt and protector of
  children Athena goddess of wisdom, war, and
  crafts patron of Athens Demeter goddess of
  agriculture and fertility Dionysos god of wine,
  mysteries, and the theatre Hephaistos god of
  smiths and metal-workers
• Hermes god of merchants messenger of Zeus

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