2 GIS COMPONENTS

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2 GIS COMPONENTS
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Basic COMPONENTS

• Hardware
• Software
• Data
• Institution

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GIS COMPONENTS (I)

• hardware
• computers to run software
• software
• computer program to process data
• custom-written software
• generic programs are more popular
• data
• processed for information retrieval
• most costly compared with hardware and software
• longer life span

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• Institution
• individual and/or organisation that use or
  implements GIS
• critical component as it decides the success of
  implementation
• need for GIS professional to analyze, research,
  design complex GIS applications
• difficult to change humans to adapt with new
  technology
• easily overlooked

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GIS SUB-SYSTEMS / FUNCTIONS(I)

• data acquisition/input
• define, entry and preliminary processing data
• Involves digitizer, scanner, survey equipment,
  etc.
• data management
• control existence, update, recall and deletion of
  data
• database management system

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GIS SUB-SYSTEMS / FUNCTIONS (II)

• analysis of data
• generation of information from data archives
• spatial analysis software
• value of GIS depends on the analytic functions it
  provides
• information output
• generated information conveyed to the users
• information managed by computers can be plotted,
  printed or exported into other systems.

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Other views on GIS Components and functions

• Four major components of GIS (Martin, 1991)
• collection, input and correction
• storage and retrieval
• manipulation and analysis
• output and reporting
• These components dictate the functions that a GIS
  can carry out.

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GIS Components and functions

• GIS capabilities can also be highlighted
  according to functions (Martin,1991
  Anselin,1998).