Sensor application development using Crossbow sensor products

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Sensor application development using Crossbow
sensor products

• Aiyaz Paniwala
• CSCI5931

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Topics

• Overview of Crossbow Wireless Sensor equipment
• Description of the MoteWorks platform
• Requirements for the Application
• Building A Simple Sensing Application

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Overview of Crossbow Wireless Sensor Equipment

• Sensor and Data Acquisition Boards
  MTS101,MTS300,MTS310,MTS400.
• Processor/Radio Platforms or Motes
  MPR300,MPR310,MPR400,MPR410
• Gateways and Network Interfaces
  MIB500,MIB510,MIB600.

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MTS310

• Used at our lab
• Commonly used name is micasb
• Sensor and Functions include
• Accelerometer
• Light
• Magnetometer
• Microphone
• Sounder
• Thermistor

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MPR410

• Commonly known as MICA2
• Operating frequency range is 433 435 MHz
• Uses
• Atmel ATMega128L processor
• Chipcon CC1000 Radio Transciever
• 512kB Nonvolatile Memory

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MIB510

• Commonly known as Serial Port Programmer
• Connectors on top (51 pin Hirose Connector, 19
  pin Circular Connector)-MICA,MICA2,MICA2DOT
• Connectors on bottom(51-pin connector
  bottom-side)
• Programming port and Data Port (Serial RS232)

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Description of MoteWorks Platform

• Uses Three distinct software tiers
• Mote Tier XMesh
• Sever Tier XServe
• Client Tier MoteView
• Also includes
• Low Power Operating System TinyOS
• Software Development Tools

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Software Development in Moteworks

• Uses nesC(network embedded systems C) programming
• nesC is an extension of C
• Programs are built out of components.
• Specification (bidirectional interfaces)
• Implementation
• Components are assembled

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Specification (Bidirectional Interfaces)

• Interfaces provide a set of functions
• Commands-These functions are to be implemented by
  the interfaces provider
• Events A set to be implemented by the
  interfaces user
• This means completion of all commands is signaled
  by an event

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Requirement for an Application

• One or more MICA Motes
• One gateway/programming board
• A windows PC with MoteWorks

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Building A Simple Sensing Application

• Minimum 5 files in any applications directory
• Makefile
• Makefile.component
• Applications configuration written in nesC
• Applications module written in nesC
• README(optional)
• Makefile remains same
• Makefile.component depends on the top level
  application component specified in the
  configuration

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Top level configuration file

• Saved with .nc extention
• Contains the components and their wiring
• The StdControl interface must always be
  implemented as the bare minimum for an application

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Example of Configuration file

• MyApp_Timer.nc
• First line specifies the components
• The last two lines wire the TimerC and LedC
  components to the applications module.
• The module controls the Timer and LED devices
  through TimerC and LedsC functions.

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Application Module

• Provides specifies the command
• Uses specifies the events
• Implementation initializes all the components.

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Building and Running the application

• Use Programmers Notepad.
• Select Tools make mica2
• If successful we get writing TOS image in
  output
• Select Toolsshell and type in make mica2
  reinstall mib510,com1.

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A Simple Sensing Application

• Compile and Install the Code (MyApp_Sensor.nc and
  MyApp_SensorM)
• Two variations
• if (call SendMsg.send(TOS_UART_ADDR,sizeof(XDataMs
  g),msg_buffer) ! SUCCESS)
• if (call SendMsg.send(TOS_BCAST_ADDR,sizeof(XDataM
  sg),msg_buffer) ! SUCCESS)

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First Variation

• Uses XServe to display sensor data
• In Cygwin type xserve devideCOM1
• All the sensor data(including those not
  available) get displayed
• We get valid values for available sensing data

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Second Variation

• Uses Radio hence XSniffer is used.
• Connect a second Motes(node id 2)
• Compile and install TOSBase.nc from
  /MoteWorks/apps/general/XSniffer
• Make mica2 install,2 mib510,com1
• Using XSniffer detect output.

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References

• MoteWorks Getting Started Guide
• Introduction
• Introduction to TinyOS and nesC
• First Steps in nesC Programming
• A Simple Sensing Application
• Wireless Sensor Networks
• Mesh Networking Right Out of the Box
• Product Information Guide Hardware