Tim Cantrell

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English Transplants
LCC

• Tim Cantrell

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English Transplants-1

• Virginia-James I gave a charter to the London
  Company. In 1607, 3 ships and 104 men made the
  first settlement at Jamestown. The settlement was
  in a swamp on the James River. The first duty of
  each settler was to dig for gold. Disease and
  starvation dominated the first year. John Smith
  emerged as a leader in 1608, If you do not work,
  you do not eat. Pocahontas story.
• Starving Times read story

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Virginia-2

• By 1624, of the 6,000 arrivals, only 1220 were
  still alive. 1 in 5 chance of survival. In
  1610, the colony almost folded, but a relief ship
  arrived.
• Company changed to Virginia Company, never made
  any money, and the Colony became Royal in 1624 as
  a result of mismanagement.
• Economics-things improved when private ownership
  was allowed by Gov. Dale.

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Virginia-3

• Tobacco-the economic salvation of the colony when
  this crop was introduced by John Rolfe in 1612.
  Rolfe married Pocahontas, went back to England
  and Pocahontas died there in 1617 at age 22.
• Counterblast to Tobacco -written by James I in
  1604- He said smoking was a custom lothful to
  the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the
  brain, and dangerous to the lungs. . . .a vile
  stinking custom.

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Virginia-4

• By 1621, Virginia was given a monopoly on supply
  of tobacco to England
• Expansion of Virginia-Westward movement-private
  land-eventually a rebellion of the West led by
  Nathaniel Bacon in 1676.
• Virginia Firsts-1. First women, 1619 2. First
  representative assembly, 1619 3. First Slaves,
  1619

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Other Southern Colonies

• Types of Colonies-Corporate (Joint Stock Company)
  2. Royal 3. Proprietary
• Maryland-George Calvert-Catholic-refuge for
  Catholics. His son, Lord Baltimore founded the
  first settlement at St. Marys in 1634. Did not
  turn out to be a Catholic refuge. Majority of
  the first settlers were Protestant. Toleration
  act of 1648-religious liberty for
  Christians-Tobacco and private property made Md.
  successful

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Economics-6

• Triangular Trade-map
• New England-Plymouth was first-1620-Separatists-Ma
  yflower Compact-supposed to be in VA, got lost,
  illegal colony governed by William Bradford.
  First Thanksgiving, 1621-Joined with the rest of
  MA in 1691
• Massachusetts Bay Colony-1630, Boston. These
  settlers were the Puritans, led by John Winthrop.

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Massachusetts-7

• Great Migration-1630s-thousands left England and
  came to MA.
• Government-Theocracy
• Education-Harvard, 1636-Old Deluter Satan Law,
  1647
• Economics, farming, fishing, rum, ship building

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Expansion of NE-8

• Rhode Island-1636-Roger Williams, 1st American
  was banished for sedition from MA. 1. Religious
  toleration 2. Separation of church and state 3.
  Treat the Indians fairly and pay them for land.
  Anne Hutchinson also exiled and came to RI.
  Williams founded the 1st First Baptist Church in
  Providence, RI in 1636. RI got a corporate
  charter in 1636.

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Expansion of NE

• New Hampshire-Founded by Fernando Georges and
  John Mason in 1629. Not as religious as MA
• Connecticut-1635-founded by people who thought MA
  was not strict enough. Fundamental Orders of
  Connecticut, 1639 was the first written
  constitution in America. Corporate charter, 1639
• Restoration Colonies-Carolinas, NY, NJ

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Restoration Colonies

• Carolinas-given to 8 friends of Charles II who
  helped restore him. 1st settlement, Charleston,
  1670. Not successful until private ownership of
  land was allowed. Quit Rent
• Economics, tobacco, rice, indigo, naval stores,
  cotton, rice, pork, corn, lumber-the division
  North and South came in 1729 and both became
  Royal colonies.

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Restoration-11

• New York-Conquered by James, Duke of York from
  the Dutch in 1664. Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch
  governor surrendered without a fight in order to
  keep customs, land and religion. It became royal
  in 1685 when James became king.
• New Jersey-given by James to a friend, John
  Berkley. It became royal in 1702

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Quaker Colonies-12

• Pennsylvania-Founded by Willam Penn in 1682.
  Free religion.
• Quaker beliefs-1. Wouldnt swear or take oaths
  2. No clergy 3. Women equal 4. Thee and Thou 5.
  Pacifists 6. Treated Indians fairly
• International Colony-people came from all over
  Europe. The most non-English colony. Freedom of
  Religion prevailed here.

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Quaker Colonies-13

• Delaware-purchased by the Penns and ruled by PA.
  Separate assembly granted to DL in 1702.
• Georgia-founded by MP James Oglethorpe in 1732 as
  a refuge for debtors and a buffer state between
  the English and Spanish Florida. No slavery
  allowed until it became a regular royal colony in
  1751

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Colonial Policy-14

• Salutary Neglect to 1660
• Navigation Acts-1660-96-3 principles 1. All trade
  to and from the colonies in English ships manned
  by English subjects 2. All trade must pass
  through England 3. Certain articles could be sold
  to England only All these rules were
  designed to enforce Mercantilism-define
• Attempts at Unity of the Colonies

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Colonial Policy

• Dominion of New England- 1685-attempted by James
  II, unpopular because it abolished the
  representative assemblies. The governor, Edmund
  Andros was very unpopular. This ended in 1688
  with the Glorious Revolution.
• Glorious Revolution brought the Bill of Rights
  and many colonies became Royal under William and
  Mary.

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Conclusion

• By 1700, the colonies on the continent had become
  very important to the economics of England. The
  colonies would mature during the 1700s and grow
  away from the mother country as they became
  different from England.