International Comparisons CANADA

1
International Comparisons - CANADA

• "Are there emergency management principles
  promoted in Canada and what influence do they
  have on the practice and teaching of emergency
  management?"

2
Does Canada promote a set of emergency management
principles?

• Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada
  (PSEPC) does not have a clearly endorsed set of
  principles.
• The National Emergency Response System is based
  on
• Escalating responsibility from the local level
  up.
• A comprehensive (4 phases) all-hazards approach

3
Does Canada promote a set of emergency management
principles?

• The National Security Policy, Securing an Open
  Society (April 2004) states National emergency
  coordination currently suffers from the absence
  of both an effective federal-provincial-territoria
  l governance regime, and from the absence of
  commonly agreed standards and priorities for the
  national emergency management system.
• There has been limited progress in 24 months

4
Draft Emergency Management Doctrine

• A draft report has reviewed by the FTP Deputy
  Ministers responsible for emergency management
  and will be considered by the Ministers shortly.
• The doctrine will serve as a cornerstone to
  highlight the Canadian approach to emergency
  management.

5
Draft Emergency Management Doctrine

• The PSEPC draft doctrine will likely include
• Comprehensive emergency management
• Partnerships (collaboration, coordination)
• Coherency of Action (connecting jurisdictions)
• Risk based
• All-hazards
• Resiliency
• Responsibility
• Clear public communication
• Continuous improvement

6
Does Canada promote a set of emergency management
principles?

• Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of
  Canada have adopted an emergency management
  strategy based on the principles
• Comprehensive Emergency Management
• Strategic Programs Approach
• All Hazards / Common Consequences
• Sustainability
• Resiliency
• Pan-Canadian, trans-jurisdictional

7
Comprehensive Emergency Management

• involves addressing hazards and disasters
  through a constant balancing of the mitigation,
  preparedness, response and recovery components.

8
Strategic Programs Approach

• provides an objective and logical process to
  achieving an ongoing comprehensive emergency
  management system that is part of the
  organizations integral and normal business
  practices.

9
All Hazards / Common Consequences Approach

• examines the full range of threats and the
  implications of their common consequences to
  Canadians and to the health and emergency social
  services sectors.

10
Sustainable

• programs, policies, and plans that can be
  implemented and maintained without transferring
  risk to other communities nor simply postponing
  risk to future generations.

11
Resiliency

• within the health and emergency social services
  sectors and the population will allow communities
  to resist the harm of an impact and return
  quickly to normal.

12
Pan-Canadian and Trans-jurisdictional

• systems will ensure that programs, policies, and
  plans link easily between local, regional,
  provincial/territorial and federal levels within
  the health and emergency social services sectors
  and with other sectors and partners.

13
Key Elements supporting the principles

• Risk Management
• Continuity of Services
• Evaluation and Quality Improvement
• Cooperation and Coordination
• Evidence Based Approach (includes research)
• Communications
• Management Systems (includes IMS)
• Volunteer Participation
• Resource Management (includes funding)

14
Link to New Zealand

• In 1999 MB Health hired an emergency manager who
  had participated in the development of principles
  in NZ.
• In 2001 MB Health developed its emergency
  management strategy.
• In 2003 Health Canada contracted MB Health to
  assist in the development of the National
  Framework.

15
Are these principles formally adopted (though
legislation or policy)?

• The National Framework for Health Emergency
  Management has been presented to the F/P/T
  Ministers of Health but is not a formal
  government policy.
• New legislation is coming that will include a
  comprehensive, all-hazards approach.

16
Are they applied at a national / regional / local
level?

• Health Canada / PHAC have adopted these
  principles and the provincial health departments
  have also taken them on to varying degrees.
• The intent was the principles can apply at the
  health facility / service level as well as
  regionally, provincially and nationally.

17
Are they more strategic or tactical/practical in
their intent and application?

• The PHAC adopted principles are meant to guide
  program development.
• The supporting elements are more practical and
  meant to apply to the implementation of every
  principle.

18
Are there principles that should or should not be
included?

• The principles and supporting elements were
  derived through a consultative process with the
  federal and provincial / territorial governments
  that tried to identify as full a range of
  mutually agreeable concepts as possible.

19
How do these principles influence emergency
management higher education?

• At the moment this is a limited issue in Canada
  as there are so few programs.
• The principles are discussed, as one example of a
  set of principles, at Brandon University.

20
Is there any evidence the principles are actually
influencing decision-making?

• In some areas, especially the implementation of
  incident management systems, but not a
  significant widespread influence.
• The principles had some influence during the
  creation of PHAC but as the two processes
  occurred concurrently it was not a direct link.

21
Conclusions

• Canadas emergency management system has not
  (yet) developed a clear set of principles at the
  national level to apply across all sectors.
• Individual provinces and/or sectors, such as
  Health, have made some progress.