Plastic Sheeting as a shelter response

1
Plastic Sheeting as a shelter response
2
Transformation

• An example of the on going Return Operation in
  South Sudan.
• Transformation from nothing to plastic sheets to
  permanent shelters
• Return in some areas to bushes destroyed
  infrastructure, villages, houses.
• Returnee composition is dominated by mainly women
  and children.
• Villages mushrooming with a dominant scene of
  plastic sheeting.

3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
Tarpaulin/Plastic sheeting

• Tarpaulin /Plastic sheeting is one of the items
  in the NFI kit and as a shelter material used not
  only during emergencies but even during the life
  time of a refugee situation and return
  operations.
• UNHCR sheet of standard size 4 x 5m
• Distributed upon arrival of persons of concern
• Number of sheets provided is subject to family
  sizes.
• Is meant as a roofing material
• No walling material provided

6
Why?

• Site an example of the on going Return Operation
  in South Sudan.
• Return in some areas to nothing destroyed
  villages, houses return to bushes.
• Returnee composition is dominated by mainly women
  and children.
• Villages mushrooming with a dominant scene of
  plastic sheeting.

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
Practicability of Plastic sheeting

• Handy, cheap, easy to transport, to distribute,
  minimum technical expertise in installation,
  convenient to use with other local materials,
  possibility for re-use, light weight, water
  tight, serves minimum standards of emergence
  shelter..
• a roof over the head

11
Considerations

• Does it meet
• the safety, dignity, privacy and security needs
  of the family??
• Climatic conditions/context???
• Diversity of the persons of concern??
• The minimum standards of emergence shelter -
  3.5sm per person
• 0ne tarpaulin per family minimum standard???

12
Considerations

• Environmental effects i.e. deforestation in
  cases of un-guided harvesting of supporting
  timber frames for the tarpaulin installation.
• Life expectancy of the tarpaulin quality,
  context, care,.

13
(No Transcript)
14
Installation of tarpaulin

• Each family as they can afford as a roofing and
  sometimes walling material as well.
• Shelter kit??? Ropes, nails, timber frames .not
  part of the NFI kit.
• Selling of plastic sheets for other shelter
  alternatives???

15
Transition Shelter

• Transition from tarpaulin to use of locally
  available materials bamboo, poles, sticks,
  mud/earth, mud bricks, grass (thatch)...
• Use of local skills and expertise
• Self help schemes implemented at the shortest
  time possible.

16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
Security of tenure

• Majority return and have access to their
  traditional owned land ancestral land
• Few cases of return to occupied land
• Presence of IDPs in some areas who are occupying
  land which originally was owned by returning
  refugees.
• Land conflicts are mainly handled through
  traditional mechanisms.

20
Returnee refugee VS Returnee IDP

• Lack of coordinated interventions for returning
  IDPs.
• No or minimum assistance is provided
• Yet, they return and resettle at their own pace
  and ways.

21
Conclusion

• With minimum support from Humanitarian actors,
  returning population is able to rebuilt their
  shelters and lives.
• Is there any better ways to support shelter needs?