The Science of Agriculture

1
The Science of Agriculture
2
Over 90 of the USA milk is produced by Holsteins
3
Less than 1 of the USA milk is produced by
Ayrshires
4
Less than 10 of the USA milk is produced by
Jerseys
5
Less than 1 of the USA milk is produced by
Brown Swiss
6
Less than 1 of the USA milk is produced by
Guernseys.
7
The Dairy Breeds

• Holstein produce 90 of the
• milk in US
• Jersey produce about 8 of the milk in the US
• Guernsey, Brown Swiss, Ayrshire combined less
  than 2 of milk in US

8
The Dairy Breeds

• Milk Components are fat, protein, sugar
  (lactose), minerals
• Vit D is added

9
The Dairy Breeds
10
The Dairy Breeds
11
The Dairy Breeds
12
The Dairy Breeds

• Milk at the grocery
• Read the label
• fat
• protein
• Calories
• Additives
• Other bring a container white and/or chocolate

13
The Dairy Breeds

• Recent research findings
• Eating 5 helpings of dairy food per day
• improves weight loss
• reduces type 2 diabetes
• Reduces chance of cancer (CLA)

14
The Dairy Breeds

• Milking/Calving schedule
• Cows are milked 2X or 3X daily
• Most herds are fed a total mixed ration which
  contains grain and forage
• Calves are raised in individual hutches for 2
  months then moved to group housing
• Cows milk for about 305 to 365 days then they
  have a 60 day dry period (rest) prior to their
  next calving.

15
Stanchion Barn
16
Herringbone Milking Parlor
17
Rotary Milking Parlor
18
New Zealand Style Milking Parlor
19
Milking Cluster
Inflation and Shell
Claw
20
Rotary Milking Parlor
21
Robotic Milking Parlor
22
Robotic Milking Parlor
23
Bulk Milk Tank
24
Milk Transport Tanks
25
Feed Mixer Wagon
26
What is happening to cow numbers in the U.S. and
Kentucky?
27
U. S. Dairy Cow Numbers in Millions
28
U. S. Milk Production in CWT per Cow Yearly
29
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
30
Kentucky Cow Numbers vs Production per Cow
Production per cow X 1000
Number Cows X 1000
Year
31
Ruminant Digestion
Esophagus
Rumen
Duodenum
Omasum
Reticulum
Abomasum
32
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
33
Ruminant Anatomy
Rumen
34
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
35
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
36
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
37
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
38
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000
39
Dairy Cows in Kentucky X 1,000