Tables, Charts, and Diagrams

1
Tables, Charts, and Diagrams

• Session 11

2
The Power of Graphics and Tables

• Tables
• Editorial material
• Table number
• Title
• Headnote
• Footnote
• The Box
• Boxheads
• Column Captions
• Stub
• Row Captions
• Totals

3
Presenting Table Data Effectively

• Round to two significant digits
• Use row and column average
• Figures are easier to compare in columns than in
  rows
• Arrange to show the structure of the data
• Space it to make it easy to read
• Use graphs only when appropriate

4
Tables Designed to Examine Relationships

• Bivariate Tables
• Multivariate Tables
• nested tables
• Title
• Independent variable
• Labels
• Order of values
• Percentages
• Totals
• Footnotes

5
Graphics, Uses, and Abuses (the Mark Twain effect)

• Basics of Graphs
• Two coordinates
• Horizontal axis
• Vertical axis
• and data points
• Positive Linear
• Negative Linear
• Curvilinear
• S-shaped
• Exponential

6

• Pie Chart shows the proportion of the whole for
  each category
• Bar Chart shows the number within each category
• Frequency Lines or Distribution Curves depicts
  the general shape of the distribution

7
Choosing Among Graphics

• Choose the representation that most accurately
  represents the data

8
Checklist for Graphics

• Simplicity
• Choose according to the nature of the variable
• Accuracy
• Titles and source material

9
Presenting Qualitative Data

• Descriptive versus explanatory intent
• Single site versus multiple site data
• Ordered versus nonordered
• Time Ordered versus not time ordered
• Categories of variables
• Kinds of information