The Establishment of Kingship

1
The Establishment of Kingship

• Merovingians and Carolingians

2
The MerovingiansClovis I

• Recognized as the founder of the French Monarchy
• Converted to win favour from Rome
• Power is weakened by appointing a royal official
  called the mayor of the palace who handled the
  running of government

3
The CarolingiansCharles Martel

• Significance
• Used new technology to make cavalry center of the
  military stirrups
• Uses feudal system to enlarge his military
• Able to repel the Muslims at Tours
• Because he used the new land holding system to
  develop his military, he created the mould for
  the whole of medieval society

4
Pepin the Short

• Significance
• Served in the position of mayor and had himself
  made king-shouldnt the man who hold the power
  have the title of King
• Founded the Carolingian dynasty with papal
  support important alliance between pope and
  Frankish monarch
• Was elected by his subjects in 754
• Gave the papacy territory in exchange for their
  support (Papal states)

5
(No Transcript)
6
Charlemagne

• Born leader and general
• Receives official recognition from the leading
  spiritual power in Europe (Pope)
• Convinced of the value of education
• Genuine attempt to revive the spiritual and
  cultural life in western Europe
• Waged more campaigns than any other ruler since
  Caesar

7
Military

• Each summer lead a campaign
• Master strategist and campaigner
• Collected information on where he was going
  where to find food/water, climate, rivers,
  strength of the enemy before leaving on
  campaign
• Built forts to keep the peace and create new
  outposts from which to launch future campaigns

8
Military results

• Subdued all of Northern France
• Greatest successes in Germany- NW Germanic tribes
  conquered and Bavaria
• Added northern Italy (Lombardy and Venice)
• Expedition against the Basques (failed) inspired
  the ballad The Song of Roland
• By 805 Franks controlled all of northwestern
  Europe except Scandinavia

9
(No Transcript)
10
Administration and Government

• Government represents a combination of Frankish
  practices and Christian ideals the two basic
  elements of medieval European society
• Has decrees announced in vernacular
• Priest made to translate sermons into vernacular
• Felt capable and authorized to exercise authority
  over all details of church administration
• Improved roads and issued standard coinage

11

• Relied heavily on personality and energy of the
  monarch
• Sought to awe people with his fierce presence and
  terrible justice

• Needed support of the noble class for military
  and
• political success therefore he rewards the
  nobles
• well
• Did not devise a means of a weaker king ruling
  his kingdom

12
Holy Roman Emperor

• Crowned in 800
• Decisive break between Rome and Constantinople
• Helped reestablish the pope in Rome after a
  rebellion
• Imperial coronation proof that the dignity of
  the imperial crown could only be granted by the
  pope
• Holy Roman Empire will last until the 15th
  century
• Symbolized an ordered Western Christian society
  with its religious capital in Rome and its
  military centre north of the Alps

13

• His empire is divided amongst this three
  grandsons
• Lothairs kingdom is further divided between his
  sons
• Impact infighting, weakens the empire, invaded
  by non- Christian people

14

• The Medieval Medicine Chest
• Match the illness with the appropriate cure.
• A) Internal bleeding _____ Eat ginger
• B) Blocked up nose _____ Eat powdered emeralds
• C) Bruises _____ A plaster (bandage) of bacon
  fat and flour
• D) Fainting _____ Stuff mustard and onion
  mixture up the nose
• E) Gout _____ Wash hair in a boy's pee
• F) Loss of memory _____ Eat treacle (like
  molasses)
• G) Plague _____ Wear a dried toad in a bag
  around the neck
• H) Ringworm _____ Cover sore spot of skin with a
  wolf

15
The Medieval Medicine Chest Answers A)
Internal bleeding-- Wear a dried toad in a bag
around the neck B) Blocked up nose -- Stuff
mustard and onion mixture up the nose C)
Bruises-- A plaster of bacon fat and flour D)
Fainting--Breathe in the smoke of burnt
feathers E) Gout--Apply a plaster of goats
droppings mixed with rosemary and honey F)
Loss of memory-- Eat ginger G) Plague -- Eat
powdered emeralds (a cure for the rich)
H) Ringworm-- Wash hair in
a boy's pee I) Skin disease--Cover sore spot
of skin with a wolf skin J) Sleeplessness Eat
treacle
16
Other Crazy Cures...

• Toothache wear a magpie's beak around your neck
  
• Madness drill a hole in your skull to let out
  the devil
• Plague throw sweet smelling herbs onto the fire
• - sit in a sewer so the bad air of the plague
  is driven off by the worse air of the drains
• - drink a medicine of 10 year old treacle
• - eat arsenic powder
• - let the blood out of the patient when the
• horoscope was right
• - kill all the cats and dogs in town
• - shave a live chicken's bottom and strap it
  to the
• plague sore
• - march from town to town flogging yourself
  with a
• whip