Supporting phonemic awareness development in the classroom

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Supporting phonemic awareness development in the
classroom

• Hallie Kay Yopp
• Ruth Helen Yopp
• The Reading Teacher
• Vol.54, No. 2 October 2000

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Definition of terms

• Phonics
• A way to teach reading and spelling stressing
  symbol-sound relationships
  
• Phoneme
• The smallest unit of speech /f/-/l/-/i/ or
  /sh/-/ee/-/p/
  

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Inventive Spelling
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Definition of terms

• Phonemic awareness
• Awareness of the spoken language consists of a
  sequence of phonemes (How many sounds are in the
  word pig?)
  
• Auditory discrimination
• Ability to hear likenesses differences in
  phonemes words

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Phonemic awareness

• Ability to generate recognize rhyming words
• Count syllables
• Separate beginning of word from ending (st and op
  to make stop)
  
• Identify each of phonemes in a word

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Whats a teacher to do?Phonemic awareness
activities

• Songs
• Chants
• Word-sound games
• Word play
• Nursery or Dr. Seuss rhymes
• Exposure to storybooks
• Storytelling
• Riddles

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Whats a teacher to do?Phonemic awareness
activities

• Songs
• Chants
• Word-sound games
• Word play
• Nursery or Dr. Seuss rhymes
• Exposure to storybooks
• Storytelling
• Riddles

Be deliberate purposeful
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Whats a teacher to do?Phonemic awareness
activities

• Songs
• Chants
• Word-sound games
• Word play
• Nursery or Dr. Seuss rhymes
• Exposure to storybooks
• Storytelling
• Riddles

Remember it is one part of a broader literacy
program
Time 10 to 30 minutes per session 2 to 3 times a
week
Minimum of 3 weeks up to 2 years
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Sequence for phonemic awareness instruction
Instruction
Example

• Activities that focus on rhyme
• Activites that focus on syllable units
• Activities that focus on onset rime
• Activities that focus on phonemes

• Lets think of something that rhymes with cow
• Clap twice for Harrys name. Har (clap)-ry
  (clap)
  
• Say just the first part of brown (br)
• Lets put these counds together /ch/-/a/-/n/
  (chairn

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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Hungry
Thing by Jan Slepian Ann Seidler
Feed Me
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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Hungry
Thing by Jan Slepian Ann Seidler
Feed Me
Schmancakes
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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Hungry
Thing by Jan Slepian Ann Seidler
Feed Me
Schmancakes
Schmancakes sounds like Fancakes sounds like
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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Hungry
Thing by Jan Slepian Ann Seidler
Feed Me
Feetloaf
Feetloaf sounds like Beetloaf sounds like
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Activites focused on rhymeTen Cats Have Hats by
Jean Marzollo
One bear has a chair, but I have a hat.
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Activites focused on rhymeTen Cats Have Hats by
Jean Marzollo
Two ducks have trucks, but I have a hat.
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Activites focused on rhymeTen Cats Have Hats by
Jean Marzollo
predict
Five pigs have _____, but I have a hat.
Picture clue allows them to predict authors
rhyme.
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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Ants Go
Marching

• The ants go marching one by one,
• Hurrah! Hurrah!
• The ants go marching one by one,
• Hurrah! Hurrah!
• The ants go marching one by one,
• The little one stops to have some fun,
• And they all go down to the ground,
• To get out of the sun.
• Boom! Boom! Boom!

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Activites focused on rhyme (oral) The Ants Go
Marching

• The ants go marching two by two,
• Hurrah! Hurrah!
• The ants go marching two by two,
• Hurrah! Hurrah!
• The ants go marching two by two,
• The little one stops to _____________,
• And they all go down to the ground,
• To get out of the sun.
• Boom! Boom! Boom!

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Activites focused on rhyme (oral)

• Down by the Bay
• Did you ever see a whale with a polka dot
  tail?
  
• The Corner Grocery Story
• There were peas, peas walking on their knees at
  the store, at the store
  
• There was steak, steak, going shake shake at the
  store, at the store
  
• Yopp Yopp (1996). Oo-pples boo-noo-noos
  Songs activities for phonemic awareness.
  Harcourt Bace School Publishers
  

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Activities with syllables manipulationClap,
Clap, Clap Your Hands (clues)

• Clap, clap, clap your hands,
• Clap your hands together.
• Clap, clap, clap your hands,
• Clap your hands together

Snap, Snap, Snap your hands, Snap your hands toge
ther. Snap, Snap, Snap your hands, Snap your han
ds together
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Activities with syllables manipulationClap,
Clap, Clap Your Hands (clues)

• Say, say, say these parts.
• Say these parts together.
• Say, say, say these parts,
• Say these parts together
• Teacher moun (pause) tain (children respond,
  mountain!)
  
• Teacher love (pause) ly (children respond,
  lovely!)
  
• Teacher un (pause) der (children respond,
  under!)
  
• Teacher tea (pause) cher (children respond,
  teacher!)
  

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Activities with syllables manipulationHow Many
Syllables (clues)

• Tikki Tikki Tembo by Arlene Mosel
• Clap syllables in names
• picture
• Tingo Tango Mango Tree by Marcia Vaughan
• Iguanas name is Sombala Bombala Rombala Roh
• Flamingos name is Kokio Lokio Molio Koh
• Parrots name is Dillaby Dallaby Doh
• Turtles name is Nanaba Panaba Tanaba Goh
• Bats name is Bitteo Biteo

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Activities with syllables manipulationHumpty
Dumpty (clues)

• Recite Humpty Dumpty rhyme
• Humpty Dumpty broke I have some broken words.
  Lets help put the words back together again.
  
• pop si - cle
• Snap the cubes together to say the entire word.

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Activities with syllables manipulationTeacher,
May We? (clues)

• Teacher You may jump the number of times as
  there are syllables (some teachers say beats or
  chunks for syllables) in the bunny.
  
• Students Teacher, may we?

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Activities with onset-rime manipulationMail a
Package (oral)

• Pictures
• Teacher m-ill
• Student showing picture m-ill, mill
• Puts picture in the mailbox
• A package! A package!
• What can it be?
• A package! A package!
• I hope its for me!

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Activities with onset-rime manipulationGoing on
a Word Hunt (clues)

• Teacher Going on a word
  hunt!
  
• (slap toes) (slap knees) (slap
  toes) (slap knees)
  
• Students repeat
• Teacher Whats this word?
• (slap toes) (slap knees) (slap
  toes) (slap knees)
  
• Students repeat
• Teacher /m/ (pause) /ap/ pause
• (slap toes) (slap knees)
• Students repeat
• Together mmmmmmmmmmmap map!
• (slide hands from toes to knee)
  (slap knees)

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Activities with onset-rime manipulationMake a
Word (letters)
Its a word.
It is not a word.
Look in Remediating Reading Difficulties book
page A-24 for Common Phonograms (Rimes)
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Activities with phoneme manipulationCock-a-doodl
e-moo! (oral)

• Cock-a-doodle-moo! By Bernard Most

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Activities with phoneme manipulationFind Your
Partners (oral)
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Activities with phoneme manipulationBag Game
(cues)
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Activities with phoneme manipulationScavenger
Hunt (letters)
m
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Modality

• Oral talk through games, activities, poetry,
  stories or songs
  
• Cue or concrete manipulative
• Auditory cues clapping the number of syllables
• Visual cues blocks or ship representing sounds
• Kinesthetic cues jumping as they repeat sounds