AHU1 PPT#2

1
A Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracy (?)

• AHU1 Presentation 2
• Are all people treated equally in our democracy?
• What is the price of freedom?
• What is the role of our government?
• What is our responsibility to people in the world
  concerning inalienable rights?

2
Jeffersonian Democracy (?)

• Government is a necessary evil to be instituted
  fairly to all the people of the nation.
• Working to protect the rights of life, liberty,
  and property.
• A representative democracy is the best form of
  government.
• This prevents the tyranny of the majority.
• Separate branches of government are a must.
• This prevents political tyranny by the
  government.
• Freedom of speech and press must be understood
  and maintained by the people.
• This prevents tyranny of the people by their own
  government.
• People have the right to abolish the government
  if it becomes destructive to these ends.

3
Only Issue is Federalism (?)

• Both Locke and the Founding Fathers supported the
  idea of restricting the power of kings by giving
  rights to the people.
• Although, all wanted to put restraints on the
  kings power, many did not necessarily want to
  give absolute power or __________ to the people.

Sovereignty
Jeffersons enthusiasm for self-government no
matter who you where was not a universal notion
among the other Founders and was often even a
jagged pill for Jefferson to swallow at times.
The distribution of power is still at issue
today we call it Federalism or State Rights
and is protected in the 9th 10th Amendments.
4
Taxpayer Revolts

• Whiskey Rebellion

• Shays Rebellion

• In 1786 a group of farmers rebelled against the
  state taxes and laws levied on Farmers.
• They blamed the disorganized states and took up
  arms.

• In 1794 another farmer rebellion erupted
  concerning the tax on Whiskey.
• This was the first test for the new Federal
  Government.

New Social Contract was written (?)
The states did not handle the rebellion well and
citizens became scared as the nation became
unruly.
Washington responded with Federal force and put
an end to the question of who would be in charge.
5
The Shining City on a Hill

• US Constitution The supreme law of the United
  States and has been used as an example for other
  democracies for two centuries.
• Separation of Powers
• Article I Rules of the ______________ .
• Article II Rules of the____________.
• Article III Rules of the _______________.
• Articles IV, V, VI, VII.

Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judicial Branch
6
Constitutional Compromises

• Large State v. Small State-Should the smaller
  states have the same power as larger ones?
• Large states wanted representation to be decided
  on the basis of __________.
• Small states wanted all states to have equal
  representation with _____ per state.
• The outcome was called ___________________.

population
two
two
Each state gets ______ representatives in Senate
and the reps in the House depends on the
__________of each state.
The Great Compromise
population
7
Compromises Are The Key

• Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Which should
  reign supreme the _______or the _______
  Governments.
• We call our representative democracy a
  __________. Why?
• Direct vs. Indirect Elections
• AKA _____________ or ______________
• Do common people understand the system well
  enough?
• Pure Democracy or a Republic?

Federal
State
Republic
popular vote
electoral college
8
Bill of Rights

• 1st Amendment - _____________
• 2nd Amendment -_____________
• 3rd Amendment _____________
• 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th Amendments
  _____________
• 9th,10th Amendments-

Our Intellectual freedoms
Our right to bear arms.
Quartering of soldiers
Our Due Process rights.
States Rights or limits on the Federal
Constitution
Need to memorize for Final Unit Test
9
Jacksonian Democracy (?)

• Jackson lost the of 1824 election to John Quincy
  Adams (6) and Henry Clay in a dubious manner
  called the _____________.
• He used the tactic of ___________ to fuel his
  next run at for the White house in 1828.
• Protective tariffs were the hottest topic between
  the candidates. Incumbent, Adams had ties to the
  north industrialists and Jackson, the populist,
  represented the southern farmer/commoner.

Corrupt Bargain
Class warfare
10
OLD HICKORY (Jacksons Nickname)

• Spoils System To the victor goes the spoils.
• Jackson took advantage of the new popular
  election trend and believed it gave the
  victorious party a "mandate" to select officials
  from its own ranks.
• This spoils system was and still is closely
  linked to the new party system which he was
  instrumental in expanding to the middle class.

• The first six American presidents had been from
  old money.
• The Founding Fathers believed that government was
  the business of the rich and well breed. Andrew
  Jackson ushered in a new political party for the
  middle class. They called themselves the
  ___________ .
• His new party worked to enfranchise more people
  by loosening up the restrictions on voting.

Democrats
Today this is often called cronyism or patronage
and has a very bad connotation.
11
Tariff of Abominations

• Tariffs
• During the 1800s America was divided into two
  very different economic regions.
• The north was very _________ with factories and
  retail business and the south was primarily
  _________ with large plantations and farms.

taxes on imported goods.
industrial
Money, jobs, and profit!
agricultural
Tariffs impacted these two economies in
drastically different ways. Why?
12
The Norths Argument For Tariffs

• The north wanted tariffs put on ___________ to
  protect the regions industry from foreign
  competition. Today this is called__________. This
  caused economic concerns throughout the country.
  
• Higher priced foreign products meant more
  ________________________.

foreign imports
Protectionism
domestic products would be sold here
The more American/domestic products sold the
better the economy would become in the_____.
north
13
The Souths Argument against

• The South believed the tariffs would not only NOT
  help their economy, but also hurt their _______.
  They advocated for what we call today _________.
• They believed ___________ kept the prices fair
  for the consumer.
• With tariffs their only choices where to buy
  Northern goods or pay a higher price, due to the
  high taxes, on the imported goods.

exports
Free Trade
competition
Would the north keep their prices the same when
there was no foreign competition?
Would the other countries retaliate by putting
high tariffs on the souths exports?
14
The Nullification Controversy

• Nullification
• Jacksons V.P. _______________ tried to nullify
  the Tariffs by claiming that individual states
  could void a Federal law inside their own
  boarders.
• They called this Nullification and claimed it as
  their Constitutional right.

The alleged right of a state to suspend operation
of a federal law within its boundaries.
John C. Calhoun
The Eaton Affair was a white house scandal that
led to several members of Jacksons Cabinet
resigning. Jacksons unofficial Kitchen
Cabinet took a big hit after he sided with the
flirtatious Peggy Eaton.
15
Jackson vs. Calhoun

• John C. Calhoun the Union next to our liberty
  most dear
• Andrew Jackson Our Federal Union it must be
  preserved.
• Jacksons dying words

My only regrets are I didnt shoot Henry Clay I
didnt hang John C. Calhoun
16
Middle Class America

• Jacksons emphasis on the _____________ brought
  with it the idea that everyone was fit to rule.
• Jacksonian Democrats worked to make public office
  a place where the average man was qualified to
  lead. Aristocrats need not apply became their
  attitude.
• This attitude threatened the___________. A rift
  between the haves and the have nots was born.

common man
upper class
The middle class became the backbone of the
American political system as the right to vote
spread to every adult American citizen.
17
Jacksons Legacy

• Orphaned at the age of 14 and nearly died of
  smallpox in a prison camp during the American
  Revolution. Adopted and raised four orphaned
  nephews as an adult.
• Showed his unprecedented individualism and
  leadership in the Battle of New Orleans during
  our second war of Independence called the War of
  1812 against the British.
• Seven hundred British are killed and fourteen
  hundred wounded as opposed to eight Americans
  killed and thirteen wounded, all after the war
  was officially over.
• As President, Jackson increased the power of the
  Executive Office while reiterating states
  responsibilities and individual rights for the
  common man.
• The legacy of Andrew Jackson stands today as an
  example of what one determined individual can
  accomplish despite adversity.

18
Trail of Tears (Jacksons Legacy)

• Indian Removal Act of 1830.
• Relocation of all Indian tribes living East of
  the Mississippi River.
• Supposed to be voluntary, but in practice great
  pressure was put on American Indian leaders to
  sign removal treaties.
• Trail of Tears
• resulted in the deaths of about 4,000 Cherokee
  Indians.
• In the Cherokee language, the event is called
  Nunna daul Tsuny - "the trail where they cried."

19
Setting the Tone for Politics Today (?)

• Jacksonian Democracy

• Jeffersonian Democracy
• Jefferson believed that capable, well educated
  leaders should govern in the peoples interest.
• Jeffersonian democracy limited democracy to
  chiefly its political aspects.

Jackson believed that all People could and should
manage government affairs.
Jacksonian democracy expands democracy beyond
political aspects to include social and economic
factors.
20
Making the Right Choices (?)
George Washington (1) John Adams (2)
Thomas Jefferson (3) Andrew Jackson (7)
Stood up for the British Soldiers Civil Rights
by advocating for their innocence for their
conduct in the Boston Massacre. The soldiers
were acquitted.
Relinquished Power after the French Indian War,
the Revolutionary War, and after his 2nd Term in
office as President which served as a model that
not all people could be corrupted by power.
Led the way, against public opinion, as an
example for the common man. Stood up to the
aristocrats and took ownership of the American
ideals and the benefits they offer.
As Vice President spoke out against his own
administration to protect the First Amendment by
defying the Alien and Sedition Acts.