Energy Flow in Ecosystems

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Energy Flow in Ecosystems

• 2007

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Instructions

• Put a heading on your paper.
• Your notes must be organized in the 2-Column
  method.
• Go through each slide.
• Whenever you see this symbol
• write down the information next to it.
• There are sounds so adjust your computer volume
  accordingly.
• Dont move on to the next slide until you see
  this

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Energy Roles

• If you have ever seen a band or played an
  instrument in a band, you know that each
  instrument plays a role.
• For Example The drums keep the beat
• ...while the flutes play the melody.
• Although the 2 instruments are quite different,
  they both play an important role in creating the
  bands music.

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Energy Roles Continued

• In the same way, each organism has a role in the
  movement of energy through its ecosystem.
• This role is part of that organisms niche in the
  ecosystem.
• Niche a role that an organism plays in an
  ecosystem.

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Producers
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• Producer - organism that
  can use the suns energy to
  make its own food
• Energy first enters most ecosystems as sunlight.
• Organisms such as plants use the energy of
  sunlight and store it as food energy
• Remember photosynthesis.
• Examples plants algae

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Consumers

• Other members of the ecosystem cannot make their
  own food.
• These organisms depend on the
  producers for food and energy.
• Consumer - organism that obtains or gets energy
  by feeding on other organisms (living things).
• Consumers are classified by what they eat.

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Herbivores

• Herbivore - a consumer that eats only plants.
• Some examples include
• Caterpillars
• Cattle
• Deer

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Carnivores

• Carnivore - a consumer that eats only animals.
• Some examples include
• Lions
• Spiders
• Snakes

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Omnivores

• Omnivore - a consumer that eats both plants and
  animals.
• Some examples include
• Cardinals (birds)
• Goats
• Most humans

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Decomposers

• What would happen if there were only producers
  and consumers in an ecosystem?
• As these organisms continued to take minerals,
  water, and food from the ecosystem, these items
  would begin to run low.
• If these materials were not replaced, new
  organisms would not be able to grow.

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Decomposers Continued

• All of the organisms in an ecosystem produce
  waste and eventually die.
• A decomposer is an organism that breaks down
  waste and dead organisms, returning the raw
  materials to the environment.
• Two major groups of decomposers are bacteria and
  fungi such as molds and mushrooms.

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The Energy Pyramid
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• A diagram called an energy pyramid shows the
  amount of energy that moves from one feeding
  level to another in a food web.
• Copy Pyramid in your notes.

Consumers
Producers
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Food Chains
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• A food chain is a diagram that shows how energy
  in food flows from one organism to another.
• It shows how the
  original source of
  all food energy, the
  sun, gets to each
  member of the
  chain.

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Here is an example of an aquatic food chain
Killer Whale
So you can see, the killer whale eats the seal
which eats the cod fish which eats krill which
eats algae which makes its own food from the sun.
Ultimately, the killer whale relies on the suns
energy for food!
Killer whales eat leopard seals
Leopard Seal
Leopard seals eat cod fish
Click to see a summary of how the whole thing
works
Cod
Cod fish eat krill
Krill eat algae
Krill
Algae use photosynthesis to produce their own food
Algae
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What do you do now?

• Put these notes in your binder.
• Add Energy Flow in Ecosystems Notes to your
  binder table of contents.
• Thats all

for now!?