High Blood Pressure Hypertension

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High Blood Pressure(Hypertension)
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Blood Pressure

• Top number (systolic)
• -measures the force of blood on arteries when the
  heart beats
• 120/80
• Bottom number (diastolic)
• - measures force of blood on arteries between
  beats

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What Is High Blood Pressure?

• Blood pressure that stays elevated
• more than 140/90
• more than 130/80 if you have
• diabetes
• mild kidney disease
• heart disease

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Effects of High Blood Pressure on Your Body
Artery Damage
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Effects of High Blood Pressure on Your Body

• Hardening of the arteries
• Stroke
• Heart attack
• Kidney damage
• Blindness

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Signs and Symptoms

• Called the silent killer because most people
  have no signs or symptoms
• Headaches, nosebleeds, and dizziness dont occur
  until blood pressure is dangerously high

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Causes of High Blood Pressure

• Usually unknown
• Narrowing of the arteries
• Fast heart rate
• Kidney disease
• Medications
• Thyroid disease

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Who Gets High Blood Pressure?

• African Americans more than whites
• People who
• are older
• are overweight
• have high blood pressure in the family

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How Do You Know If You Have High Blood Pressure?

• Have your blood pressure checked at least every
  two years
• Blood pressure varies during the day
• At least 3 readings on different days are needed
  to diagnose high blood pressure

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Controlling Your Blood Pressure

• Lifestyle Changes
• Healthy eating plan
• Limit sodium
• Achieve a healthy weight
• Exercise/physical activity
• even without weight loss

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Controlling Your Blood Pressure

• Lifestyle Changes
• Dont smoke
• Limit alcohol
• Manage stress

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Follow a Healthy Eating Plan

• Eat more fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy foods
• Include whole grains, poultry, fish and nuts
• Eat less fat, red meat, sweets and sugared
  beverages

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Limit Sodium and Salt

• Research shows that eating less
• sodium and salt lowers blood pressure
• Lower your sodium intake by
• Eating out less often
• Buying fresh, frozen or unsalted canned foods
• Choosing foods with less than 400 mg/serving
• Buying low- or reduced-sodium, or no salt added
  foods
• Using less salt

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Get Enough Potassium

• Potassium helps lower blood pressure
• Helps balance the amount of sodium in your body
• If you dont get enough potassium, you can
  accumulate too much sodium
• Foods high in potassium include
• Fruits, vegetables, dairy foods, and fish

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Lose Weight if Overweight

• Bigger people need more blood to supply nutrients
  to the body
• Losing even 10 pounds can lower blood pressure

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Be Physically Active

• Inactivity increases your risk of being
  overweight
• Heart muscles have to work harder with each
  contraction, increasing the force on the arteries
• Walking 30 minutes a day helps lower blood
  pressure

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Stop Smoking

• Smoking damages blood vessel walls and causes
  early hardening of the arteries
• Nicotine narrows your blood vessels and forces
  your heart to work harder

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Limit Alcohol

• Heavy drinking (3 or more drinks/day) can damage
  your heart muscle
• Cutting back to a moderate level of drinking can
  lower your blood pressure
• no more than 2 drinks a day for men
• no more than 1 drink a day for women

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Manage Stress

• High levels of stress can temporarily cause a
  dramatic increase in blood pressure
• Develop relaxation techniques to deal with stress

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Blood Pressure Medications

• Lower blood pressure in many different ways
• More than one type may be needed
• diuretics
• beta-blockers
• ACE-inhibitors
• calcium channel blockers

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Points to Remember

• Lifestyle changes that can prevent and control
  high blood pressure include
• Healthy eating - emphasizing fruits, vegetables
  and low-fat dairy foods
• Choosing and preparing foods with less salt and
  sodium
• Losing weight if overweight
• Increasing physical activity
• Drinking in moderation if you drink alcoholic
  beverages

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List alternatives for these high-sodium foods

• Breakfast
• Hardees Sausage and Cheese Biscuit
• Lunch
• Smoked turkey and American cheese sandwich
• Canned vegetable soup
• Potato chips

• Dinner
• Rotisserie chicken
• Canned green beans with cream of mushroom soup
  and onion rings
• Instant mashed potatoes
• Cornbread