Father Nurturance and Psychological Wellbeing

1
Father Nurturance and Psychological Wellbeing

• R. Alvayero, A. Freeman, B. Hanline, M. Simon,
  B. Toure

2
Background Theory European vs. African
American fathers 1600s to 1900s(Peck, 1984, as
cited in Lamb, 2000 Hamer, 2001 Lamb, 2000
Rohner, 2001)

• European fathers

• African American fathers

• Moral educators
• Breadwinners
• Genial Playmate day (Rohner, 2001, p.385)

• A.A. fathers in slavery provided daily care
• Did not have legal rights over children
• No income, but tried to provide by other means
• Nurturing supportive role models, still facing
  limited economic opportunities.

3
Background Theory cont.(Rohner Veneziano,
2001 Finley Swartz, 2004 Harper Fine, 2006
Taylor, Chatters, Tucker, Lewis, 1990 Rohner,
2007)

• Research on father Nurturance
• Previous research
• Parental acceptance-rejection theory (Rohner,
  2007)
• Personality sub-theory acceptance-rejection and
  psychological well-being

4
Research Question/Hypothesis

• What is the relationship between African American
  father nurturance and emerging adult child
  psychological well-being?
• Independent Variable
• Dependant Variable

5
Results

• Correlation

• Descriptive Statistics

• Mean of Father Nurturant Scale scores 30.29
• N of Father Nurturant Scale scores 184
• PAQ scores mean 120.28
• N of PAQ scores 184

• Independent Variable
• Mean scores from Father Nurturance Scale
• Dependent Variable
• Mean scores from PAQ
• Pearsons correlation
• Bivariate, linear relationship
• Weak, negative correlation (r -0.215)
• Significant at plt0.05
• Father nurturance Psychological well-being

6
Results cont.

• Years Participants Lived with Identified Father

7
Results cont.

• Years Participants Interacted with Identified
  Father

• How Often Participants Interacted with Identified
  Father

8
Discussion
How do the results fit into theory?

• Father nurturance is correlated with
  psychological well-being.
• Rohners theory on parental acceptance and
  rejection.
• Connection between results and prior research.

9
Discussion

• Research shows that fathers are important but are
  results the same for African American fathers?
• Future implications for research
• - Qualitative research
• - More studies using African American fathers
• - Do policies we put into place work?

10
References

• Amato, P., (1994). Father-child relations,
  mother-child relations, and offspring
  psychological well-being in early adulthood.
  Journal of marriage and the family, 56(4), 1031
• Arnett, J. (2000). Emerging adulthood A theory
  of development from the late teens through the
  twenties. American Psychologist, 55 (5), 469-480.
  
• Cooley, R. L. (2001). (In) visible men Emerging
  research on low-income, unmarried, minority
  fathers. American Psychologist, 56(9),
  743-743-753.
• Finley, G. E., Schwartz, S. J. (2004). The
  father involvement and nurturant fathering
  scales Retrospective measures for adolescent and
  adult children. Educational Psychological
  Measurement, 64(1), 143-164.
• Hammer, J. (2001, What it means to be daddy
  Fatherhood for black men living away from their
  children. Columbia University Press, pp. 1-1-52.
• Harper, S. E., Fine, M. A. (2006). The effects
  of involved nonresidential fathers' distress,
  parenting behaviors, inter-parental conflict, and
  the quality of father-child relationships on
  children's well-being. Fathering A Journal of
  Theory, Research, Practice about Men as
  Fathers, 4(3), 286-311.
• Lamb, M. E. (2000). The history of research on
  father involvement An overview. Marriage
  Family Review, 29(2), 23.
• McAdoo, J. L. (1993). The role of African
  American fathers An ecological perspective.
  Families in Society, 74(1), 28-35.

11
References

• Morgan state university fall 2006 demographics.
  (2006). Retrieved October 18, 2007, from
  http//www.morgan.edu/admin/Planning/pdf/enrolldem
  o06.pdf
• Roggman, L., Fitzgerald, H., Raikes, H.
  (2002). Methodological, measurement, and design
  issues in studying fathers An interdisciplinary
  perspective. Tamis-LeMonda, C. Cabrera, N.
  (eds.) handbook of father involvement
  Multidisciplinary perspectives. (). Mahwah, N.J.
  Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
• Rohner, R. P., Khaleque, A. Cournoyer, D. E.
  (2007). Parental acceptance-rejection theory,
  methods, evidence, and implications. Retrieved
  September 06, 2007, from http//www.cspar.uconn.ed
  u
• Rohner, R. P., Veneziano, R. A. (2001). The
  importance of fatherlove History and
  contemporary evidence. Review of General
  Psychology, 5(4), 382-405.
• Taylor, R., (1990). Developments in research on
  black families A decade review. Journal of
  marriage and the family, 52(4), 993
• Veneziano, R. Rohner, T.P. (1998). Perceived
  paternal acceptance, paternal involvement, and
  youths' psychological adjustment in a rural,
  biracial southern community. Journal of marriage
  and the family, 60(2), 335
• Veneziano, R., (2000). Perceived paternal and
  maternal acceptance and rural African American
  and European American youths' psychological
  adjustment. Journal of marriage and the family,
  62(1), 123
• Videon, T., (2005). Parent-child relations and
  children's psychological well-being do dads
  matter? Journal of Family Issues, 26(1), 55