INVASIVE

1
INVASIVE SPECIES
2
SIREX WOOD WASP
3

• PEST OF MOST SOUTHERN PINES,PARTICULARLY
  LOBLOLLY.
• NATIVE OF EUROPE, ASIA AND NORTH AFRICA.
• WE HAVE MORE THAN A DOZEN SPECIES OF HORNTAIL
  WASP. NO GOOD KEYS TO IMMATURE FORMS. SIREX
  DISTINGUISHED FROM NATIVE SPECIES BY DARK BLUE OR
  BLACK MATALLIC BODY, LEGS REDDISH YELLOW AND
  ANTENNA ALL BLACK.
• PROBLEM IN NEW YORK, PENNSYLVANIA AND VERMONT.
• DAMAGE CAUSED BY LARVA BORING AND TUNNELING IN
  WOOD CAUSING BLEEDING AS SHOWN.
• WORKING ON BIOCONTROL USING A NEMATODE.
• APHIS AND FOREST SERVICE WORKING ON LURES AND
  TRAPS FOR DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT.

4
EMERALS ASH BORER
5
INITIALLY FOUND IN MICHIGAN NEAR DETRIOTIN
SUMMEROF 2002. INFESTATIONS IN MICHIGAN, OHIO,
INDIANA, ILLINOIS, MARYLAND AND TENNESSEE. SMALL
BRIGHT METALLIC GREEN FLATHEADED BORER THAT
INFESTS ALL AS TREES. MARYLAND REMOVED 20,000 ASH
TREES TO TRY TO MANAGE THIS PEST. KILLED 20
MILLION TREES IN MICHIGAN, OHIO AND
INDIANA. WOODPECKERS FEED HEAVILY ON THIS PEST
AND HEAVY WOODPECKER FEEDING INJURY TO TREES IS A
GOOD INDICATOR OF INFESTATION.
6
CHILI THRIP
7

• FOUND IN FLORIDA IN OCTOBER 2005.
• SERIOUS PEST WITH A WIDE RANGE OF DISTRIBUTION
  AND OCCURING ON A WIDE HOST RANGE INCLUDING MANY
  CROPS. ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT ON STRAWBERRIES,
  CITRUS, COTTON, SOYBEANS, PEANUTS, TOMATOES AND
  GRAPES.
• RECORDED FROM MORE THAN 100 HOST IN 40 DIFFERENT
  FAMILIES.
• CAPABLE OF SPREADING TOMATO SPOTTED WILT ON
  PEANUTS, TOBACCO STREAK VIRUS, PEANUT NECROSIS
  VIRUS, AND PEANUT CHLORITIC FAN VIRUS.
• ADULT CHILI THRIPS HAVE A PALE BODY AND DARK
  WINGS AND IS A SMALL THRIP.
• REPRODUCTION IS BOTH SEXUALLY AND
  PARTHENOGENICALLY.
• APPEARS TO BE SPREADING VIA KNOCK OUT ROSES.
  PRIMARILY A FOLIAGE FEEDER CAUSING CRINKLING AND
  BRONZING AND DEFOLIATION OF INFESTED PLANTS.
• ATTACKS PRIMARILY THE NEW GROWTH. IF INFESTATION
  SUSPECTED SEND SAMPLE 5 TO 6 FOUR TO FIVE INCH
  CUTTINGS FROM THE TERMINALS OF NEW GROWTH. PLACE
  IN ZIP LOCK BAG AND SEND IN, DO NOT PUT IN
  ENVELOPE.

8
EGGS
CACTUS MOTH
9
FOUND IN FLORIDA IN 1989. RANGE CONTINUES TO
EXPAND ALONG THE ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. FOUND
AS FAR NORTH AS CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA AND AS
FAR WEST AS MOBILE, ALABAMA. MOTH HAS GRAYISH
FORE WINGS AND WHITE HIND WINGS. THE LARVA IS
BRIGHTLY COLORED AD STRIPPED BLACK AND ORANGE.
FEEDS ON THE EARS OR PODS OF OPUNTIA CACTUS UNDER
A SILK WEBBING. EGGS ARE LAID ON TOP OF EACH
OTHER FORMING A CHAIN THAT RESEMBLES THE SPINES
ON THE CACTUS. THERE IS NO SATISFACTORY CHEMICAL
MANAGEMENT. MUST STOP MOVEMENT WEST INTO NATIVE
CACTUS. SEVERAL KNOWN PARASITES ARE BEING STUDIED
FOR BIO CONTROL.
.
10
LAC LOBATE SCALE
YOUNG
ADULTS
11
FOUND IN FLORIDA IN 1999. HAS BEEN REPORTE DFROM
SEVERASL HOST AND LOCATIONS IN FLORIDA. POSSIBLY
A PEST AS IT INFEST SEVERAL TROPICAL AND
SUBTROPICAL FRUITS AND MANY ORNAMENTALS. THE
RESINOUS SECRETIONS OF THE SCALE PRODUCE A VERY
IMPORTANT PRODUCT KNOWN AS SHELLAC, THE BASE FOR
VARNISH. YOUNG ARE LIGHT TO DARK REDDISH BROWN IN
COLOR. THE SHAPE IS GLOBOSE WITH 4 LOBES. YOUNG
MORE GLOBOSE THAN ADULTS. YOUNG INDIVIDUALS
USUALLY APPEAR AS FLAT BOW TIES. ADULTS HARD TO
CONTROL BECAUSE OF THICK RESINOUS COVERING. 190
WOODY HOST IN FLORIDA.
12
WHITE WAX SCALE
13
CEROPLASTES DESTRUCTOR, 1 TO 2 GENERATIONS PER
YEAR. DEVELOPMENT DEPENDENT ON SEVERAL FACTORS,
INCLUDING HOST SPECIES, TEMPERATURE AND WATER
AVAILABILITY. MORTALITY IS DENSITY DEPENDENT,
DENSITY OF PASASITOIDS AND PREDATORS, AND
PROLONGED PERIODS OF EXTREEM TEMPERATURES. NO
KNOWN MALES AND REPRODUCTION IS PROBABLY
PARTHENOGENIC. EGGS ARE LAID IN PROTECTED
CON-CAVE CHAMBERS BENEATH THE FEMALES. THEY LAY
BETWEEN 37 AND 6400 EGGS, AVERAGING BETWEEN 1750
AND 1775. OVIPOSITION OCCURS OVER 10 TO 14
DAYS. IMMATURES TEND TO SETTLE ON THE FOLIAGE
WHILE LATER STAGES MOVE TO THE YOUNG TWIGS AND
BRANCHES AND REMAIN THERE THROUGH THE REMAINEDER
OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT. REQUIRES 5 MONTH TO
DEVELOP. EARLY STAGES EASIER TO CONTROL AS ADULTS
HAVE ACCUMULATED HEAVY WAX COVERING THE BODY.
14
BAMBOO MEALY BUG
15
FIRST FOUND IN ORANGE COUNTY FLORIDA IN2002. ONLY
INFEST BAMBOO. MEALYBUG IS GRAYISH PINK TO RED IN
COLOR AND LACKSLATERAL WAX FILAMENTS BUT BODY IS
COVEREDWITH A FINE POWDERY WAX. FOUND BENEATH THE
SJEATHS OF BAMBOO. IT IS NATIVE TO WARMER
CLIMATES AND POSSIBLY WILL HAV EMULTIPLE
GENERATIONS PER YEAR. HEAVY INFESTATIONS OF THIS
MEALYBUG HAV ETHE POTENTIAL TO CAUSE ABORTION OF
SHOOTS. FOUND INAUSTRALASIAN AND ORIENTAL REGIONS
AND ORANGE COUNTY FLORIDA.
16
JAPANESE WAX SCALE
17
BROWNISH PURPLE WAX COVERED FEMALE HAS TINY LEGS
AND A THICK WAX COVERING. NO KNOWN MALES. NYMPHS
SECRETE WAX TUFFS FORMING A STAR. SEVER
INFESTATIONS OF JAPANESE WAX SCALE DETRACT FROM
THE HOST PLANTS APPEARANCE BECAUSE OF THE MANY
WHITE SCALES AND COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF HONEYDEW THEY
EVCRETE AND SOOTY MOLD DEVELOPMENT SIMILAR TO
FLORIDA WAX SCALE. FOUND FROM FLORIDA TO
MARYLAND. HOST INCLUDE, AZALEA, BLUEBERRY,
CAMELLIA, CHINESE ELM, CTRUS, FIG, CHINESE HOLLY,
YAUPON, JASMINE, MULBERRY, PEAR, PERMISSON, PLUM,
QUINCE, TURKS CAP AND OTHER PLANTS. ONCE FEEDING
BEGINS THEY BEGIN TO SECRETE WAX. SCALES MATURE
OVER THE SUMMER AND OVERWINTER AS ADULTS. CONTROL
DIFFICULT UNLESS TREATED IN EARLY STAGESDUE TO
BUILDUP OF WAX ON SCALES BODY. MULTIPLE
APPLICATIONS MA BE NEEDED AS IMMATURE EMERGE OVER
A 2 TO 3 WEEK PERIOD.
18
WOOLY WHITE FLY
19
SERIOUS PES TOF CITRUS AND OCCASSIONALLY FOUND IN
TRUMPET FLOWER. FOUND IN JEFFERSON AND PLAQUEMINE
PARISHES IN 2007. DENSE COLONIES OF IMMATURES ARE
THE MOST CONSPICUOUS SIGN OF AN
INFESTATION. IMMATURES ARE COVERED BY A MASS OF
WAX FILAMENTS COVERING THE SURFACE SUPERFICALLY
RESEMBLING A TANGLED MASS OF WOOL. ADULTS ARE
SMALL ABOUT 1/8TH OF AN INCH OR LESS. STEMS,
FOLIAGE AND GROUND UNDER INFESTATIONS GET COVERED
WITH SOOTY MOLD DUE TO THE HIGH HONEYDEW
EXCRETIONS. HONEYDEW CAN BE OBSERVED DRIPPING
THROUGH THE MASS COVERING THE IMMATURES. ANTS
TEND THESE POPULATIONS FOR THE HONEYDEW AND CAN
REDUCE NATURAL CONTROLS. THE PARASITE ERETMOCERUS
JIMENEZI HAS BEEN COLLECTE FROM THE INFESTATIONS
IN JEFFERSON PARISH. THIS IS A NEW STATE AND
DISTRIBUTION RECORD FOR THIS PARASITE. WHEN
INFESTATIONS ARE FIRST FOUND AND SMALL REMOVAL OF
INFESTED FOLIAGE AND THEN SPRAYING EFFECTIVELY
MANAGES THIS PEST.
20
GIANT WHITE FLY
21
EGGS ARE OVIPOSITED IN A SPIRAL PATTERN AND WHITE
WAX IS DEPOSITED OVER EACH EGG. CRAWLERS TEND TO
REMAIN WITHIN THE EGG SPIRAL AND SETTLE DOWN TO
BEGIN FEEDING. THE 4TH INSTAR SECRETES LONG
GLASSY FILAMENTS OF WAX THAT HANG DOWN FROM THE
LEAF SURFACE 10 TO 12 INCHES. ADULT MALES ARE
NOTES BY THE LONG CLASPERS AT END OF
ABDOMEN. POPULATIONS MAY BE SO DENSE AS TO TAKE
YOUR BREATH AWAY WHEN DISTURBED. THE ENTIRE BROAD
LEAF SURFACE OF GINGER PLANTS CAN BE COMPLETELY
COVEREDBY NYMPHS AND ADULTS. LIFE CYCLE REQUIRES
ABOUT 35 DAYS. SYSTEMICS DOA GOOD JOB OF
MANAGEMENT AND CAN BE SUPPLEMENTED WITH ULTRA
FINE OILS WHEN SPRAYED. ADULTS HAVE MOTTLED WINGS
AND ARE VERY LARGE.
22
BLACK FLY
23
INITALLY FOUND IN LOUISIANA IN 2002 IN LAFOURCHE
PARISH IN SMALL POPULATIONS THAT WERE EASILY
MANAGED. SINCE THE HURRICANES MANY ORCHARDS WERE
UNMANAGED AND THE BLACK FLY POPULATION HAS
EXPLODED IN LAFOURCHE, PLAQUEMINE,TERREBONNE AND
VERMILLION PARISHES. PARASITOIDS WORK WELL TO
MANAGE THIS PEST BUT WILL HAVE TO BE BROUGHT
IN. BLACK FLIES INFEST CITRUS, MANGO, KUMQUAT AND
PINK TRUMPET. THEY TEND TO INFEST THE LOWER PART
OF THE TREES. AT EMERGENCE THE ADULTS ARE BRIGHT
RED WITH THE FRONT OF THE HEAD PALE YELLOW.
AFTER 24 HOURS THYE TURN SLATE BLUE. BOTH THE
NYMPHS AND EGGS ARE BLACK. EGGS ARE LAID IN A
SPIRAL. EACH FEMALE CAN LAY 2 TO 3 SPIRALS OD 28
TO 34 EGGS . EGGS HATCH IN 5 TO 9 DAYS DEPENDENT
ON TEMPERATURE. BLACK FLY NYMPHS ARE FED ON BY
LADY BEETLES, SPIDERS AND LACEWING LARVAE.
24
FIRE ANTS
25
FIRE ANT SARE THE NUMBER ONE PEST IN LOUISIANA.
THEY ARE BENEFICIAL TO CROPS LIKE SUGARCANE AND
COTTON AS THEY FEED ON PEST PROBLEMS AND HELP TO
REDUCE THE NUMBER OF SPRAYS APPLIED. THE USE OF
INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS SUCH AS ESTEEM,
EXTINGUISH, AWARD EXTINGUISH PLUS AND FIRESTRIKE
USE THE FIRE ANTS FORAGING CAPABILITIES TO MANAGE
IT. THESE MATERIALS ARE SAFE EFFECTIVE AND
ECONOMICAL FOR THE HOMEOWNE RAND FARMER. THESE
ARE NOT INSECTICIDES BUT STERILANTS THAT STERLIZE
THE COLONY AND THE QUEEN AND THE COLONY DIES FROM
LACK OF REPLACEMENT OF WORKERS. ONCE THE QUEEN
IS STERILIZED THE COLONY GRADUALLY DECLINE OVER 2
TO 6 WEEKS DEPENDING ON PRODUCT USED. WHERE
TREATING LARGE AREAS SPREADERS CAN BE BORROWED
FROM COUNTY AGENTS FOR APPLICATION. THESE
MATERIALS ARE USED AT 1 TO 11/2 POUNDS PER
ACRE. OTHER INSECTICIDES CAN BE USED TO MANAGE
FIRE ANTS ALSO. THEY CAN BE BROADCAST OR USED AS
MOUND TREATMENTS AND ARE AS EFFECTIVE WHENUSED
PROPERLY. MATERIALS SUCH AS TALSTAR, ADVION, TOP
CHOICE AND MANY OTHERS CAN BE BROADCAST LIKE THE
BAITS OR ORTHENE AND INDOXICARB CAN BE USED TO
TREAT INDIVIDUAL MOUNDS VERY EFFECTIVELY. FOR
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR LOCAL COUNTY
AGENT.
26
(No Transcript)