Cubism

1
Cubism

• c.1907-
• c. 1914

2
Stages of Cubism

• Analytic Cubism (190811)
• Synthetic Cubism (191224)

3
Analytic Cubism

• Objects are shown from many viewpoints at once so
  that solid forms are shattered.
• They become fractured, geometric shapes
  compressed into a sliver of space and flattened
  against the canvas.
• Space is treated as if it were a solid, tangible
  mass.
• Confusion is enhanced because colour is removed
  and everything is painted in browns and greys
  with a few fragmented black outlines.
• Addition of stenciled text towards the end of
  Analytic Cubism.

4
Synthetic Cubism

• Was developed c.1912
• Colour was re-introduced with two technical
  innovations called papier collé and collage.
• Papier collé involves sticking coloured paper
  onto the canvas and was invented by Braque.
• Collage was subsequently developed by Picasso and
  involved including all kinds of material such as
  newspaper or fabric in the painting. Both
  techniques bridged the gap between art and life
  by sticking bits of the real world onto the
  canvas.
• They also drew attention to the fact that a
  painting it is a flat object and blurred the line
  between painting and sculpture.

5
Cubist Artists

• Main Players
• Pablo Picasso
• Georges Braque

• Followers
• (after c.1910)
• Juan Gris
• Robert Delaunay
• Marcel Duchamp
• Le Fauconnier
• Metzinger

6
Influences

• Cézanne had a huge retrospective of his work in
  Paris, 1907 seen by Picasso. Braque already
  working in l'Estaque region.

7
The Basics behind Cubism

• On the left and right are two different
  perspectives of the cube at the top.
• On the bottom is a combination of the two
  perspectives, producing a strange-looking
  geometric form.

8
Pablo PicassoLes Demoiselles dAvignon, 1907
9
George BraqueHouse at L'Estaque 1908
10

• "M. Braque scorns form and reduces everything,
  sites, figures and houses, to geometric schemas
  and cubes.
• Louis Vauxcelles on the opening of the Salon
  dAutomne, 1908.

11
Georges BraqueLandscape at La Ciotat Paysage
à La Ciotat, Summer 1907
12
Pablo PicassoThree Women, 1907
13
George BraqueLarge Nude, 1908
14
Georges BraqueViaduct at L'EstaqueParis,
early 1908
15
Pablo PicassoThree Women, 1907-1908
16
Georges BraqueFruit Dish Paris, Winter 1908-09
17
Pablo PicassoSeated Woman (Seated Nude), 1909
18
Georges BraqueRoche Guyon, 1909
19
Pablo PicassoReservoir at Horta Horta de
Ebro, Summer 1909
20
Georges BraqueViolin and Palette, Autumn 1909
21
Pablo PicassoPortrait of David-Henry
Kahnweiler, 1910
22
Georges BraqueBottle and FishesL'Estaque,
autumn 1910
23
Pablo PicassoThe Guitar Player, 1910
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Pablo PicassoPortrait of Wilhelm Uhde, 1910
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Pablo PicassoAmbroise Voilard, 1910
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Georges BraquePiano and Mandola (Piano et
mandore), winter 190910
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Georges BraqueLe Portugais, 1911
28
Pablo PicassoMa Jolie, 1911
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Pablo PicassoAccordionist, 1911
30
George BraqueLe Gueridon, 1911
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Albert Gleizes Paysage, 1911
32
Juan GrisJar, Bottle and Glass, 1911
33
Jean MetzingerAldeia, 1912
34
Georges Braque Still Life with a Violin,
Autumn 1912
35
Pablo Picasso Still Life with Chair-Caning
Paris, May 1912
36
Pablo PicassoStudent with Pipe, 1913
37
Pablo PicassoViolin and Guitar, 1913
38
Juan GrisLHomme au Café, 1912
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Juan GrisGlass of Beer and Playing Cards 1913
40
Pablo PicassoPipe, Glass, Bottle of Vieux
Marc, Spring 1914
41
Juan GrisBreakfast, 1914
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Georges BraqueWoman with Guitar, 1914
43
Juan GrisStill-Life (Fantomas), 1915
44
Juan GrisStill Life in Front of an Open Window
Place Ravignan, 1915
45
Juan GrisGlasses and Newspaper, 1914
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Juan GrisMandolin, 1919
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Léger and Delaunay

• A little distraction.

48
Robert DelaunayEiffel Tower Series, 1910-11
49
Fernand LégerThe Smokers,1911-1912
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Fernand LégerContrasting Forms,1913
51
And Finally

• 1924 marks the end of the Cubist Epoch although
  Gris remained a Cubist until his death even
  though is health faded.
• Braques work was too personal for any category.
• Picasso moves into a more surreal phase through
  his Three Dancers painting.

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