ICT in society

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ICT in society

• How ICT affects businesses, consumers employees

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You need to be able to explain the benefits and
drawbacks of the use of information and
communication technology in
In pairs brainstorm a list of ICT used in
these areas

• manufacturing,
• industry,
• commerce,
• medicine,
• the home,
• education
• tele-working.

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To what extent has machinery displaced workers?

• Arguments for?

• Arguments against?

Have more jobs have been created by the new
technology (computerisation)? What has happened
to clerical workers over the last 20 years? How
have their skills been lost/changed?
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Impact of ICT where we live/work

• Where does data processing need to be done, in
  the office or at the end of a phone line?
• Consider British Airways and other companies
  using call centres, where are these centres?

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What is Tele-working?

• What are the benefits of Tele-working?
• Consider environment, commuting, working hours,
  commitments, space saving, team-working in a
  network.
• What are the problems with Tele-working?
• Consider management, organisational loyalty,
  social isolation, separation of work with leisure
  time.
• Would you do any form of Tele-working?
• Consider doing school-work at home and e-mailing
  it to your teacher.

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For those who cannot adapt?

• What happens to older workers who may find it
  difficult to re-train to adapt to the new
  technology?
• What happens to people that do not have access to
  the new technology?
• What about people who try to ignore the new
  technology?
• What can happen when people rely on technology?
• Consider back up systems for breakdown, fault
  handling, natural accidents, malicious damage.

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Consumer issues

• What are some of the new ICT products available
  now?

Addidas store virtual mirrors
A super tablet E-ink
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Consumer issues

• What new products are on the way?

Not just shoes but clothes
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New Projector system?

• The EyeMove PC combines the functionality of a
  digital projector and computer into one
  circular-shaped device. Simply hang it on your
  wall or place it flat on a desk and project
  games, movies, or applications.

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Transparent Toaster

• This innovative concept uses special heating
  glass to warm a single slice of bread.
  Unfortunately, the glass does not reach a high
  enough temperature at this time to actually
  toast the bread. No word yet on if this concept
  will go into production

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New Batteries

• Two-thirds of mobile and personal digital
  assistant owners said two days' active battery
  life was vital.
• The report said that poor battery life on mobile
  devices was one of the main reasons people did
  not play more games, music and video on their
  devices more often.

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IT in Banking

• How is IT used in Banking?
• telephone banking, Internet banking, ATMs, Debit
  cards, Credit cards, MICR (Magnetic Ink Character
  Recognition) e.g. cheque processing, Direct
  debiting, etc.
• Paying in cheques scanning

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What are the issues of IT in Banking

• Cloning cards
• Fraud
• E-scams
• Consumer confidfence

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How is IT used with a Store Card?
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E-commerce

• Web sites used for advertising have been
  developed into a virtual store. What is a
  virtual store?
• How can a virtual store help a business?
• What is another useful by-product that a web site
  can collect?
• Consider a database of potential customers.
• What could a business do with this information?

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Internet shopping

• What are the advantages for the shop?

• What are the advantages for the customer?

What are the implication?
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How are computers used in manufacturing?

• Consider order processing, stock reports and
  replacement, progress tracking. Project
  management budgets, on-time.
• What is CAD (Computer aided Design)?
• What is CAM (Computer aided Manufacture)?

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CAD

• What are some examples of CAD?
• How can a computer image help with design?
• How can an animation software package assist with
  design?
• How does CAD enhance sales and marketing?
• What is the difference between Vector based
  graphics and Bit-mapped graphics?

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CAM

• What are some examples CAM is used for?
• How is this system of creating products very
  flexible/individual?
• Robots are controlled by computers what are the
  basic components?
• Consider a sensor, a microprocessor, an
  actuator.
• Give some examples of where robotics are used?
• Why are robots so useful?
• Consider repetition, strength, quality, costs,
  hazardous environment.

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Medicine

• Give some example where computers are used in the
  Health service?
• Consider records, databases, computerised
  medical devices, monitoring, expert systems
  (diagnosis), surgery.
• What is an expert (knowledge-based) system?
• Consider image capture and processing.
• What is robotic surgery?
• Consider operations.
• How important are computers for the disabled?
• Consider blind, deaf, special devices, implants.

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Education

• Why are there so many computers in schools?
• How do computers assist with teaching and
  learning?
• What is an interactive teaching package?
• How should the Internet be used to assist
  learning?
• How can computers help with distance learning?

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Can Computers Replace Teachers

• What can computers do that is better than having
  a teacher?
• Consider pace, repetition, patience,
  consistency, cost effective.
• What can a teacher do that is better than a
  computer?
• What could the classroom of the future look like?
• will it exist,
• will students need to attend school,
• could they choose what subject to do and when,
• will they be motivated to take charge of their
  own learning?

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Dependence on IT
What would happen if IT broke down in each of
these areas?

• Routine chores money, shopping, holiday,
• Scanners and imaging systems,
• Traffic control, and car parking, motorway,
• Flood warning systems,
• Computer controlled braking, fuel, on cars,
• Personal use, data, accounts, education,
• Electrical devices in the home, washing machines,
  video DVD players, microwaves, etc,
• Telephone lines for Internet communications.

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• How are organisations dependant on IT?
• Consider the type of organisation
• Supermarkets,
• Hospitals,
• The emergency services,
• The utility companies,
• Schools,
• Air traffic control,
• Nuclear power stations.
• What would be the consequences of failure on the
  organisations above?

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How does IT improve home shopping?

• What products can take advantage of INTERNET
  shopping?
• Which products are very difficult to sell on
  line?

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What issues within Internet shopping will
increase use?

• The ability to arrange delivery outside work
  hours eg in the evening or weekend is an
  important factor.
• Broadband access has speeded up the process of
  selecting and ordering item on web sites

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Exam Questions Paper 1

• For each of the following organisations, state
  one use it can make of ICT and give one benefit
  to the organisation of this use. The uses of ICT
  must be different in each case.
• (a) A newspaper (2 marks)
• (b) A supermarket (2 marks)
• (c) A travel company (2 marks)
• (d) The Police (2 marks)

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Exam Question Paper 5

• Mr Patel has bought a DVD on fishing from a
  company on the Internet. He has now started to
  receive e-mails about fishing holidays, and is
  receiving fishing equipment catalogues through
  the post.
• (a) Explain why Mr Patel has started to receive
  the e-mails and the catalogues. (2 marks)
• (b) State what most people are likely to be
  worried about when ordering goods using credit
  cards over the Internet. (1 mark)
• (c) Describe two measures that a company can take
  to help give customers confidence in using their
  on-line facilities. (4 marks)
• (d) Describe two advantages to a company of
  selling its goods on-line. (4 marks)