LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES

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LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES
by James K. Gasana
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ITTOS TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION PROGRAM
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DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COOPERATION IN PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION
SYMETRIC IMPLEMENTATION Peru/Ecuador (Cordillera
del Condor) Malaysia/Indonesia (Lanjak Entimau
WS/Betung Kerihun NP)
ASYMETRIC IMPLEMENTATION Thailand/Cambodia (Pha
Taem)
ONE-PARTY INITIATIVES Cameroon/Gabon (Mengamé)
Congo/CAR/Cameroon (Nouabale-Ndoki)
DORMANT INITIATIVES Cambodia/Vietnam (Mondulkiri
PA) Peru/Brasil (Alto Purus Forest Reserve)
Gabon (Minkebé PA).
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KEY ISSUES ADDRESSED BY ITTO TBC PROJECTS
LACK OF ADEQUATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK TO MANAGE
POLITICALLY FRAGMENTED ECOSYSTEMS
WEAK COOPERATION TO SOLVE TRANSBOUNDARY PROBLEMS
OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN COMBATING FOREST CRIMES
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COMMON ILLEGAL ACTS IN THE CONSERVATION RESERVES
Incompatible management within adjacent
concessions
Illegal logging
Illegal activities within adjacent concessions
Cross-border timber transport
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COMMON ILLEGAL ACTS IN THE CONSERVATION RESERVES
Encroachment in the reserves
Trade of protected species
Conversion to other land uses
Poaching
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ITTOS SUPPORT TO MEMBER COUNTRIES AT BINATIONAL
LEVEL

• PROBLEM ADDRESSED
• Lack of or weak cooperation for TBC

EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS
Establishment of bi-national cooperation
mechanisms technical task-forces, PSCs
Joint actions scientific expeditions, joint
border patrol strategy,
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ITTOS SUPPORT TO MEMBER COUNTRIES AT NATIONAL
LEVEL

• TWO MAJOR PROBLEM ADDRESSED

Weak presence to implement management and law
enforcement activities
Weak law enforcement and lack of management
activities
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WEAK PRESENCE TO IMPLEMENT MANAGEMENT AND LAW
ENFORCEMENT
EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS
Strengthening field management units
infrastructure, equipment, capacity building,
management planning
Equipment and training
Field Infrastructure
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WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS
Consultation with community groups to assess the
needs, build awareness and develop stewardship
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WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS Improving
communities livelihoods
Indigenous fruit production in the buffer zone
Fish harvested in tanks
Production of orchids in adjacent villages
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WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
SPECIAL CASE OF A PROJECT IN CONGO Supporting
the partnership Concessionnaire WCS
Government for compatible management and law
enforcement in areas adjacent to a National Park

• EXAMPLES OF ACTIONS
• Obtain commitment of concessionnaire to timber
  certification
• Zoning for differentiated management
• Management planning
• Law enforcement to protect wildlife
• Monitoring system
• Community development.

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CONCLUSION
SUCCESSFUL LAW ENFORCEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY
ECOSYSTEM RESERVES DEPENDS ON
Strong high-level political commitment
Formalization of cooperation modalities (ex.
Peace treaty between Peru and Ecuador)
Involvement of the civil society in implementation
Scientific basis for management planning
Development of community stewardship
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Thanks!