Civil War Reconstruction

1
Civil War Reconstruction

• Chapter 14, Lesson 4

2
Freed Africans

• With the Union victory, over 4 million slaves
  were free. The 13th amendment was issued stating
  slavery would be ended forever.
• Many former slaves had no work or pay. It was
  difficult finding food and shelter.
• Communities banded together to help one another.

3
Freedmans Bureau

• In 1865 an organization was set-up to give food
  and supplies to freed slaves. It was called the
  Freedmans Bureau.
• Many Africans were forced to work for other
  people without any money of their own.

4
Sharecropping

• Some former slaves were forced to work on
  plantations in search of jobs.
• Instead of paying workers with cash, many
  landowners gave workers cabins, mules, tools, and
  seed to farm land.
• At harvest time the landowner received part of
  the crops, the rest was given to workers for
  their own use and money.

5
President Andrew Johnson

• After Lincolns assassination, Vice-President
  Johnson became President.
• He tried to be fair to the South by pardoning
  many Confederates, but Northerners felt
  Southerners should be punished.
• Johnson did require that Southern states accept
  the 13th amendment, freeing all slaves.

6
Congress Takes Action

• Congress was tough on the South.
• Union soldiers were put into rule in towns and
  some were made government officials. The 14th
  amendment was passed, stating Africans were to be
  citizens.
• Johnson refused to carry out these new laws. He
  was impeached, but found not guilty.

7
Reconstruction Ends

• New state governments did away with black codes.
• To pay for reconstruction projects, taxes were
  raised on land owned by white Southerners.
  Southerners called the government
  scalawags--people who support something for their
  own gain.
• Northerners made their way South to buy up cheap
  land. These people were called carpetbaggers.