Climate Change: Responses

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Climate Change Responses

• By
• Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS),
  Dhaka, Bangladesh
• 8-9 April 2008
• Dhaka

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Recognition of the Problem Establishment of IPCC
and INC

• Increasing scientific evidence coupled with
  growing public concern pushed climate change onto
  the higher political agenda in the mid-1980s
• UN General Assembly adopted resolution 43/53 of 6
  December 1988 on the Protection of the Global
  Climate for Present and Future Generation of
  Mankind
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO) establish
  the IPCC
• UN General Assembly established an
  Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) for
  negotiating a framework convention on climate
  change in 1990

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Recognition of the Problem IPCC FAR and UNFCCC

• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
  published First Assessment Report (FAR) of IPCC
  in 1990
• The INC adopted by consensus the UNFCCC on 9 May
  1992. The convention was opened for signature at
  the UNCED
• The convention enters into force after
  ratification by 58 Parities in 21 March 1994

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Climate Convention Ultimate Objective

• Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in
  the atmosphere at a level that would prevent
  dangerous anthropogenic interference with the
  climate system.
• Such level should be achieved within a timeframe
  sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally
  to climate change, to ensure that food production
  is not threatened and to enable economic
  development to proceed in a sustainable manner

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Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
Source IPCC
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Climate Convention Toward Kyoto Protocol

• 1995 First Session of the Conference of the
  Parties COP1, Berlin, Germany.
• Established the Ad hoc Group on Berlin Mandate
  (AGBM)
• to carry out a process that would enable it to
  take appropriate action beyond the year 2000,
  including the strengthening of the commitments of
  the Annex I Parties through a protocol or other
  legal instrument.
• 1996 Second Session of the Conference of the
  Parties COP2, Geneva, Switzerland
• Ministerial Declaration confirming the findings
  of the IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR) and
  calling for legally binding commitments
• US announced its support for a legally binding
  protocol or other legal instrument

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Climate Convention Kyoto Protocol

• 1997 Third Session of Conference of the Parties
  (COP), Kyoto, Japan
• Parties to the UNFCCC adopted the Kyoto Protocol
  (KP) with the unprecedented, legally enforced
  ambition of limiting and reducing the greenhouse
  gas emissions
• Average reduction target is 5.2 percent
• Three Flexible Mechanisms, Joint Implementation,
  Emission Trading, and Clean Development Mechanism
• 1998 The Kyoto Protocol opened for signature at
  UN headquarters in New York. It has an equation
  of 55 countries and 55 emission of Annex I
  countries to enter into force.

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Climate Convention Kyoto Protocol

• To meet the commitment under UNFCCC, Kyoto
  Protocol has devised three flexible mechanism for
  reducing greenhouse gases.
• The protocol has 28 articles, 3 of which will
  help annex I countries to meet their reduction
  commitment under UNFCCC.
• These are Joint Implementation (article 6), Clean
  Development Mechanism (article 12) and Emission
  Trading (article 17).

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Climate Convention Kyoto Protocol

• Article 6 Annex I may transfer to, or acquire
  from, any other such party emission reduction
  unit (ERU).
• Article 12 CDM shall have to assist parties not
  included in Annex I in achieving sustainable
  development..and to assist parties included in
  Annex I in achieving compliance with their
  quantified emission limitation and reduction
  commitments.
• Article 17 Annex-B parties may participate in
  emission trading to fulfil their commitments.
  This is a non-project based activity.

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CDM Project Concept Small Scale
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Further Reference to Know More
Website www.unfccc.int www.ipcc.ch
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Thank You