Pesticide Safety

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Pesticide Safety

• Protecting Yourself

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Pesticides

• Insecticides
• Herbicides
• Fungicides

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Pesticide Injuries
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Injuries Mixing and Loading

• 60 of injuries
• Application makes up less than ½ (38)
• Over ½ (57) of injuries are systemic.
• About 25 are eye injuries

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Toxicity of Pesticides

• Toxicity capability of a substance to cause
  injury or death.
• How poisonous
• it is!

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Risk?

• Hazard Toxicity x Exposure

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What is a Formulation

• How a pesticide is packaged.
• Contains
• Active Ingredient
• Inert Ingredient

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Types of formulations

• Wet
• More easily absorbed
• Dry
• More easily inhaled

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Liquid Formulations

• EC emulsifiable concentrate
• S - soluble
• ULV ultra low volume
• F or FL - flowables
• ME micro-encapsulated

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Dry Formulations

• WP Wettable powder
• DF Dry Flowable
• WDG Water Dispersable Granule
• D - Dust
• P or G Pellets or Granules
• M or ME Micro-Encapsulated

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Capture 2 EC
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Counter 15G
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Benlate SP
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Effects of Different Formulations
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Routes of Exposure
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Rates of Absorption
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Acute and Chronic Toxicity

• Acute Exposure
• Immediate effects of a single, short term dose.
• All routes are considered during testing..dermal,
  oral, eye and inhalation

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Measuring Toxicity LD50
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Some Common Oral LD50 Values

• Aldicarb (Temik) (I) ----------------------0.9
• Ethyl parathion (I) - -------------------------3
• Carbofuran (Furadan)(I) -------------------8
• Methyl parathion (I) ----------------------9
• Caffeine-----------------------------------------2
  00
• 2,4-D (H)----------------------------------------3
  75
• Table Salt---------------------------------------3
  750
• Permethrin (Ambush) (I) ------------------4000
• Imathamethabenz-methyl (Assert) (H)--gt5000
• Glyphosate (Roundup)(H)-------------------5600
• Picloram (Tordon)(H)------------------------8200
• Captan (F)--------------------------------------90
  00

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Signal Words

• Danger-Poison (I)
• Danger (I)
• Warning (II)
• Caution (III)
• Caution (IV)

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..Signal Words...Indicate the relative
toxicity of a pesticide
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Chronic Toxicity

• The delayed effects of repeated exposures over a
  long period of time.
• Effects evaluated in the lab include
• Potential tumors
• Birth defects
• Reproductive effects

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Material Safety Data Sheets

• Provide details on both acute and chronic
  exposures.
• Provides basis for protective gear (PPE)
• WWW.greenbook.net

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Other Label Information

• Agricultural Use Requirements
• REIs

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Pesticide Poisoning
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Protecting your Bod!

• Skin
• Eyes
• Ingestion
• Inhalation

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Coveralls

• For Toxicity Class III or IV Cotton (tight
  weave), Kleenguard coveralls
• For Toxicity Class (II) Possibly cotton, Tyvek.
• For Toxicty Class I PVC, Nitrile, Tychem,
  sealed or serged seams.

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Woven Materials

• Laminated vs.
• Woven

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PVC
Polyethylene coated Tyvek
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Gloves

• Want unlined gloves!
• Do Not Wear Leather Gloves!
• Do Not Wear exam gloves!
• Check for holes often!
• Want 14 mils or higher!

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Glove Material

• Nitrile Good overall protection, 2.39/pr
• Neoprene Softer, better dexterity - 5.16
• Natural Rubber Use only on dry or water based
  formulations - 11-18.00/pr
• Butyl For High Toxicity Pesticides - 18.45
• PVC Anyhydrous ammonia - 4.00/pr
• Viton Superior Protection but 174.50/pr

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Glove Material Classification

• A---Any dry or water based pesticide
  formulation.
•    B---Any pesticide with acetate as the
  carrier solvent.
•    C---Any pesticide with alcohol as the
  carrier solvent.
• Example - Comite
• D---Any pesticide with halogenated
  hydrocarbons as the carrier.
• E---Any pesticide with ketones (such as
  acetone) as the carrier solvent.
• Example - Poast Plus, Weedone 638, 2,4-D LV 6
  Ester
• F---Any pesticide with ketone and aromatic
  petroleum distillate
• mixtures as the carrier
  solvent. Example - Di-syston 8
• G---Any pesticide with aliphatic petroleum
  distillates ( such as
• kerosene, petroleum oil or
  mineral oil as the carrier solvent.
• Example - Guthion 2L
• H---Any pesticide that has aromatic
  petroleum distillates (such as
• xylene) as the carrier
  solvent.

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Gloves
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Protecting Your Head
Ball Cap? No..No
Straw Hat? No.
Yes!
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Eye Protection

• Goggles
• Face Shields
• Safety Glasses
• But never wear contacts when spraying
  pesticides!!!

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Respirators
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Heat Stress While Spraying Pesticides

• Pesticide users are at higher risk
• More clothing
• Toxic environments
• Other stress factors
• Hard work
• More exposed to sun
• Difficult to drink water

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Heat Exhaustion

• Overheating of the body due to excessive loss of
  water or, in rare cases, salt depletion.
• Symptoms include
• thirst, headache
• Pallor
• Dizziness
• possibly nausea or vomiting.
• In severe cases, your heart may race and
  you may feel disoriented.

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Heat Stroke

• Body's thermoregulatory system stops working.
• Many of the symptoms are the same as for heat
  exhaustion.
• But there are additional symptoms
• cessation of sweating
• difficulty walking
• disorientation and fainting or
• unconsciousness

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Heat Stroke can permanently damage your health

• If you get heatstroke once, you may be likely to
  get it again.

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First Aid For Heat Exhaustion

• Stop what you are doing and get out of the
  sun-preferably into an air-conditioned building.
• Drink water or, better still, a sports beverage,
  taking it slowly rather than gulping it down.
• If you don't feel better within 30 minutes, go to
  a hospital emergency room.
• Heat Stroke is generally not fatal but heat
  stroke can be!!

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First Aid For Heat Stroke

• Key symptom to look for is disorientation. A
  person who is functioning well
  mentally isn't in danger. Someone who's becoming
  "jelly brained is in trouble.
• Pack ice around the patients neck, armpit and
  groin.
• Splash water on the skin, and fan them.
• Elevate the legs.
• If the person is conscious, give plenty of
  fluids--1 to 2 quarts--preferably a sports
  beverage, but water's fine.
• The person will probably be nauseated and may not
  want to drink anything, but fluids are essential.

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Preventing Heat Injuries

• Drink water (1 quart per hour when hot!)
• Eat to replace electrolytes
• Rest breaks!
• Acclimatize!
• Watch for low humidity. You may not appear to be
  sweating but it is evaporating. You become less
  cautious

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Heat Injuries Look Like Pesticide Injuries
Heat Injuries
Pesticide Injuries

• Sweating
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Dry Membranes
• Dry Mouth
• No tears or spit
• Fast pulse
• Dilated pupils
• Confusion
• Loss of coordination

• Sweating
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Moist Membranes
• Salivation, spit, tears
• Slow pulse
• Pinpoint Pupils
• Confusion
• Loss of coordination

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Be Safe