WBC Disorders Lecture plan Normal Pathology White cell

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WBC Disorders
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Lecture plan

• Normal
• Pathology
• White cell disorders
• Non neoplastic Abnormalities
• ?in - Penias ? - Philias
• Neoplastic disorders
• Premalignant conditions
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Myeloproliferative disorders
• Malignant or Leukemias
• Acute Chronic
• Myeloid Lymphoid
• Hairy cell leukemia
• Plasma cell neoplasms

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Lecture plan

• Lymph node disorders
• Non neoplastic or Inflammatory
• Acute Lymphadenitis
• Chronic Lymphadenitis
• Neoplastic or Lymphomas
• Hodgkins lymphoma
• Non- Hodgkins Lymphoma
• Miscellaneous
• Langerhans cell Histiocytosis
• Splenic disorders
• Disorders of thymus

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Lecture plan

• Normal
• Pathology
• White cell disorders
• Non neoplastic Abnormalities
• ?in - Penias ? - Philias
• Neoplastic disorders
• Premalignant conditions
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Myeloproliferative disorders
• Malignant or Leukemias
• Acute Chronic
• Myeloid Lymphoid
• Hairy cell leukemia
• Plasma cell neoplasms

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WBC- Normal

• Total Leukocyte count
• Differential Leukocyte count
• Basic functions of Leukocytes

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WBC - CBC
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Lecture plan

• Normal
• Pathology
• White cell disorders
• Non neoplastic Abnormalities
• ?in - Penias ? - Philias
• Neoplastic disorders
• Premalignant conditions
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Myeloproliferative disorders
• Malignant or Leukemias
• Acute Chronic
• Myeloid Lymphoid
• Hairy cell leukemia
• Plasma cell neoplasms

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities

• Penias (Leukopenia)
• Neutropenia is most common and important
• low circulating neutrophil count
• lt1500 cell/cu. mm Neutropenia
• 1000 cells/ cu. mm worrisome
• 500 cells/ cu. mm - serious infections
• 100 cells/ cu. mm - life threatening ( also
  called agranulocytosis)

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities

• Penias (Neutropenia)
• Causes
• ? or ineffective production
• Aplastic anemia
• Drugs
• Disorders Vit. deficiencies ( B12, Folate)
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Inherited disorder kostmann syndrome (defective
  genes of granulocyte differentiation)
• ? removal from circulation
• Immunological SLE, Drugs
• Hypersplenism
• ?utilization infections ( mainly Bacterial)

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities

• Neutropenia
• Most significant cause Drugs
• May dose related or Idiosyncratic
• Act by marrow suppression (chlorpromazine) or
  immunological (sulfa Thiouracil)
• Morphology marrow changes depend on underlying
  cause
• Hyperplasia of marrow if the cause is peripheral
  destruction or ineffective poiesis
• Hypoplasia if it is due to Myelo- suppression

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Lecture plan

• Normal
• Pathology
• White cell disorders
• Non neoplastic Abnormalities
• ?in - Penias ? - Philias
• Neoplastic disorders
• Premalignant conditions
• Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Myeloproliferative disorders
• Malignant or Leukemias
• Acute Chronic
• Myeloid Lymphoid
• Hairy cell leukemia
• Plasma cell neoplasms

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis

• Leukocytosis Philias ( Example Neutrophilia)
• Pathogenesis
• Precursor pool ? storage pool ?peripheral blood
  (Margination circulating) ? Tissue pool
• Mechanisms
• For Neutrophils
• Mostly from marrow storage pool immediate
• Granulocytopoiesis from stimulation of marrow
  stem cells by inflammatory mediators (IL-1, TNFa)
• For Eosinophils- IL-5
• For Lympho IL-7

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis
- Neutrophilia
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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis

• Morphology
• ? neutrophils Toxic granulations ( abnormal
  azuriphilic granules), Dhole bodies (Endoplasmic
  Reticulum) like in Kawasakis disease)
• Differential Diagnosis
• Leukemoid reaction (inflammation) from leukemia

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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis
-Toxic Granulation
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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis
- causes
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WBC Non neoplastic Abnormalities Leukocytosis
-Lymphocytosis