SBCT ISR Doctrinal Operations & Organization

1

SBCT ISR Doctrinal Operations Organization
2

• Action ID the roles and responsibilities of
  the Major Intelligence Sections in the SBCT.
• Conditions Given a classroom delivered lecture
• Standards Successfully Understand the section
  roles and tasks necessary to provide the enemy
  red picture into the COP

3
Paradigm Shift
Movement to contact, make contact, develop the
situation (in contact), maneuver (in contact) to
a point in time and space of advantage, conduct
counterattack . . .
OLD Paradigm

• Understand the situation, maneuver the force to
  a point and time of our choosing, make contact
  with the adversary . . .

NEW Paradigm
4
How Does the CDR Understand The Situation?

• Thats Our Job As Intelligence Professionals

5
Battlefield Configuration (SSC)
IN
II
IN
IN
II
IN
6
BDE BN S2 Shops

• The S2 at all levels provides Situational
  Awareness of the threat, terrain, and weather to
  the commander and staff.
• The S2 assists the commander in synchronizing
  intelligence with the ISR integration effort. (If
  you dont do your job your boss will)
• Intelligence capabilities available to the unit
  S2s understanding of the threat intelligence
  products recommendations to the commander.
  Over 200 MI positions tremendous capability)
• The S2 also exercises staff responsibility for
  intelligence training.
• Digital systems training and functions training
  are both important

7
ORGANIZATION _at_ BDE

• No Dedicated Ops Officer or Planner but plenty of
  Ops and planning to do
• Key is to organize S2 staff and use the ISR
  Analysis and ISR Integration Platoons to help
  meet mission requirements
• The staff is responsible for producing
  intelligence that depicts the current threat
  situation and predicts future threat objectives,
  capabilities, and COAs.
• Synchronization and collaboration is mandatory in
  order to plan, prepare, execute, and assess
  brigades ISR operations

8
BDE Intelligence Staff

• S2
• - Translates Cdrs intent, concept of ops, and
  PIR into Intel guidance
• - Supervises and directs all MI ops
• - Focuses and integrates ISR planning
• Provides Cdr and staff with assessment of threat
  capability and intentions
• S2 Operations
• - Maintains threat portion of the current sit
  overlay and Intel portion of the BCTs COP
• - Collaborates with subordinate S2s on Intel
  products
• Controls dissemination of Intel to higher
• - Pulls higher current situation overlays
• - Collaborates and integrates with Bde ISR
  analysis and Bde S2
• - Loads relevant overlays
• - Displays predictive analysis
• Maintains enemy situation overlay
• S2 Plans
• Orchestrates IPB in support of MDMP

Bde CP - S2
1 x 35D O4 Bde S2 1 x 35D O3 Assistant
S2 1 x 350B W2 Sr Analyst 1 x 11B E8 1 x 96B E7
Analyst 1 x 96B E5 Analyst 2 x 96B E4
Analyst 2 x 96B E3 Analyst 1 x 71L E4
TAC CP
1 x 35D O3 Battle CPT 1 x 96B E6 Analyst
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S2 SENIOR INTELLIGENCE OFFICER

• The S2 ensures the brigades complex ISR
  operations satisfy the CCIR, specifically the
  commanders PIR, and those of his subordinates.
• The S2, together with the S3, helps the commander
  coordinate, integrate, and supervise the
  execution of ISR plans and operations.
• The S2 is also responsible for providing
  immediate intelligence support to subordinate
  unit commanders.
• The S2 advises the commander on the capabilities
  of organic ISR assets, EAB intelligence
  collection capabilities, and the intelligence
  architecture
• The S2 assists the commander on focusing and
  integrating these assets and resources to satisfy
  the intelligence requirements of the brigade.

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BDE Intelligence Staff

• General Observations
• ISR management in MI Company
• Robust collection capability is
  plans/synchronization intensive
• Close integration between MI Company and S2
  OPS/Plans Critical
• Close integration between S2X into ISR plan
• Close integration between S2X and analysis
  platoon within MI Company
• Limited SASO digital graphics analysis
  capability in ABCS
• Limited bandwidth between BDE and BN TOCs

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Specific S2 Responsibilities

• Provide situation development,
• Target development and support to targeting, and
  IW,
• Support to BDA, support to Force Protection.
• Assessments of threat capabilities, intentions,
  and COAs as they relate to the brigade and its
  mission.
• Identify gaps in intelligence and advise the
  commander on developing collection strategies.
• Disseminate intelligence products throughout the
  brigade.
• Answer RFIs from subordinate commanders, staffs,
  and higher and adjacent units.
• Coordinate the brigades intelligence
  requirements with EABs.

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S2 Operations

• The S2 operations team is responsible for threat
  situation development and presentation.
• The S2 operations team focuses on the threat
  activity and environment within the brigades AO
  and AOI that affect the current operation.
• The S2 operations team uses automated tools to
  continuously integrate information and
  intelligence products from subordinate battalion
  S2s and supporting ISR organizations to update
  the threat situation.
• This situation assessment forms the threat
  portion of the brigade COP. The S2 operations
  team assists the S2 in tracking threat COAs and
  alerting the commander to changes to predicted
  threat COAs, capabilities, or intentions.

Where does this information come from?
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Ops Team Responsibilities

• Develop the current threat situation graphic.
• Present the current threat situation and
  projected threat COAs.
• Assist in identifying opportunities for friendly
  branches and sequels by monitoring the current
  threat situation and identifying when the
  planning assumptions for the threat begin to
  diverge from the predicted COA.

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Ops Team Responsibilities

• Manage ISR operations within the brigades AOIR.

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Ops Team Responsibility RED COP
HIGHER
ASAS BDE S2
EDC
ASAS MI CO
EDC
EDC
EDC
EDC
S303 EOBSREP
EDC
ASAS CAV
ASAS IN BN
ASAS IN BN
ASAS BN IN
K04.1
FBCB2
Maintain the intelligence portion of the
brigades COP. Support the distributed and
collaborative production of the EAB G2 Control
the dissemination of intelligence products from
the brigade
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S2 Plans

• The S2 plans team is responsible for threat COA
  development and wargaming.
• The S2 plans team Works with the S3 planner and
  other staff elements to plan for future
  operations using the MDMP.

What Support Comes From the MI Company?
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S2 Plans
Refines and presents threat COAs, as part of an
integrated staff effort, during mission
analysis, COA development, and wargaming.
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S2 Plans

• Works with the S3 planner to coordinate w RSTA
  Squadron for incorporation of RSTA ISR planning
  into the brigades overall ISR effort.
• Writes the Intelligence Annex (B) and the
  intelligence portions of the brigade OPORD.
• Coordinates with the MI Company for the
  development and publication of the intelligence
  estimate, collection matrix, and IEW
  synchronization matrix.
• Coordinates with the S2 operations team to ensure
  future COAs are reflected in the current
  situation.
• Wargames threat COAs against friendly COAs during
  staff planning and decision-making.
• Assists the brigades fires and effects
  coordination cell (FECC) by identifying threat
  HVTs and recommending potential HPTs for both
  lethal and non-lethal attack (to include
  offensive IO).

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S2X

• The S2X is the principal advisor to the commander
  for all matters concerning the conduct of HUMINT
  and CI activities.
• The S2X provides oversight and technical support
  for all HUMINT and CI activities.
• He assists the brigade in developing the HUMINT
  and CI collection requirements.
• The S2X team consists of the S2X Officer, the
  HUMINT Operations Cell (HOC), and the
  Counterintelligence Coordinating Authority
  (CICA).

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S2X

• The S2X team provides the expertise for the
  conduct of HUMINT and CI operations in the
  brigades AOIR.
• While the Cavalry Squadron (RSTA) and MI Company
  are responsible for tactical HUMINT collection
  and CI support within the brigade, the S2X team
  provides collection focus, technical support, and
  technical guidance.
• The S2X team Supports RM through developing
  HUMINT and CI specific IRs from the commanders
  PIRs.
• Deconflicts and synchronizes all HUMINT and CI
  activities in the brigades AOI. (Lessons
  Learned 3/2 had 10 additional THTs in its AOR)
• Assists the brigade and squadron commander in
  developing HUMINT and CI specific orders or
  requests (SORs) based on the integrated ISR plan.

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S2X

• Coordinates technical support as needed for the
  HUMINT and CI assets in the brigades AOI .
• Conducts analysis of HUMINT and CI reporting and
  provides input to the ISR Analysis Platoon.
• Oversees the source registry for the AOIR.
• Manages the Intelligence Contingency Fund (ICF)
  and source incentive program.
• Acts as system administrator for CI and HUMINT
  specific automation systems to ensure
  connectivity with higher and adjacent HUMINT and
  CI entities.

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BN Intelligence Staffs
IN BN S2 Section x 3
1 x 35D O3 S2 1 x 35D O2 Ast S2 1 x 96B E7
SR Analyst 1 x 96B E6 SR Analyst 1 x 96B E5
Analyst 1 x 96B E4 Analyst 1 x 96B E3 Analyst
Situational Awareness/ Situational Development/
ASAS-L - Pulls higher current situation
overlays - Collaborates and integrates with
Analysis Platoon and Bde S2 - Loads relevant
overlays - Executes continuous IPB - Maintains
enemy situation overlay - Forwards sensor/unit
reports to Bde S2
Artillery Bn S2
1 x 35D O3 S2 1 x 13Z E8 NCOIC 1 x 96B E6
Analyst 1 x 96B E4 Analyst/ Dvr

• General Observations
• More robust capability to produce tailored
  products
• No change to organic collection capability
• Greater capability to establish a TAC
• Limited hard copy graphic reproduction
  capability
• Challenges to provide digital graphic overlays
  remain
• No SATCOM
• Limited multi-faction SSC digital support
• Challenges remain with reaching full potential
  with ASAS (L) in ABCS

BSB S2
1 x 35D O3 Bn S2/S3 1 x 92A E8 1 x 54B E6 1 x
96B E5 Analyst 1 x 96B E4 Analyst/ Dvr 1 x
54B E4

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Get To Know Your Equipment

• D\episode 09 - after church.mov

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COMPANY MISSION
ON ORDER, THE ____ MILITARY INTELLIGENCE COMPANY
DEPLOYS TO CONDUCT INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE AND
RECONNAISSANCE ANALYSIS, INTEGRATION AND TACTICAL
HUMINT INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION IN SUPPORT OF THE
BRIGADE AND ITS SUBORDINATE COMMANDS ACROSS THE
FULL RANGE OF MILITARY OPERATIONS

• Company Touchstones
• Deployable anywhere in the world within 96
  hours
• Receive raw data and reports and through
  analysis produce a clear understandable
  intelligence product
• Responsive to brigade and subordinate unit
  intelligence requirements
• Capable of intelligence support to more than
  one battalion level mission

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Military Intelligence Company
I
MI
Battle Captain
73 (6/6/58 MI MOS)
CM/Platoon Leader
ISR Integration
CO HQ
3
23
Para 1
Para 10
1 x 35D O-2 1 x 96B E7
1 x 35D O-3 1 x 97E E8 1 x 92Y E5
2
Para 3

Assistant S2X
S2X
CGS
ISR Requirements
6
5
10
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
1 x 35F O4 1 x 351B W2 1 x 351E W2 1 x 97B E4 1 x
97E E5
1 x 35D O-2 1 x 98C E6 1 x 96B E5 2 x 96B E4 2 x
96B E3 1 x 98C E5 1 x 98C E4 1 x 98C E3
1 x 96H E6 1 x 96H E5 2 x 96H E4 2 x 96H E3
Executive Officer/CM
TAC HUMINT
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1 x 35D O-3 1 x 97E E7
2
Para 7

ISR Analysis
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Para 2
OMT
TAC HUMINT
1 x 35D O-2 2 x 350B W2 1 x 96B E7 1 x 96B E6 3 x
96B E5 6 x 96B E4 5 x 96B E3 1 x 96D E5 1 x 96D E4
6
16
Para 9
Para 8
1 x 351B W2 1 x 351E W2 2 x 97B E4 2 x 97E E5
4 x 97E E6 4 x 97E E5 4 x 97B E5 4 x 97E E4
BDE Special Staff Officer
Linguist augmentation upon deployment 12 x
97E, 4 x 97B
HHC Brigade
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MI CO ON THE BATTLEFIELD

• Operates GS to BDE,
• likely moving through/
• operating in BN AOs.
• Mission dependent, OMT
• and teams could be DS,
• supporting BNs.

CP
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MICO RELATIONSHIP WITH THE BRIGADE S2

• The Analysis and Integration Platoons support
  the brigade S2 through combined effort, under the
  supervision of the MI Company commander.
• Initially Produce s documents the S2
  normally produced
• Intimately involved in the Brigade Planning
  Process
• Responsive to Requests for Information from
  the S2

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MICO RESPONSIBILITY IN MISSION PLANNING

• Majority of the MICOs operations are conducted
  prior to execution of the brigade mission.
• Must optimize use of warning orders, situation
  updates, parallel and anticipatory planning.
• Stresses standardized training across the I-BOS
  within the brigade (S2s)
• Standard language, symbols and SOPs are adopted
• HUMINT Operations must start early in the
  mission cycle

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FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Task organize the ISR Integration and ISR
  Analysis platoons to provide continuous support
  to the brigade staff
• Keep the companys HUMINT assets fully engaged
  in the operation never holding them in reserve
• Retain the flexibility to reallocate and
  reposition the company assets in response to
  changes in the brigades mission
• Provide control teams as necessary to assist
  the command and control of DS HUMINT teams

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ADDITIONAL KEY TASKS

• Team play between Integration/Analysis and TAC
  HUMINT Platoons (compared to the relation
  between old GSS Platoon and ACT)
• Reach Operations to ARFOR, theater, joint and
  national assets, to retrieve and manipulate
  intelligence databases and products. (Yes
  National)
• Database Management
• Digital and Analog products that support MDMP
  and IPB
• Ability to support two or more separate
  missions

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MI Company CTTL
CTTL
1. Deploy Redeploy 2. Protect the Force 3.
Provide Intelligence Support 4. Develop
Intelligence 5. Command Control the Company
1a. Prepare Systems for Deployment 1b. Conduct
Non-Tactical Road Marches 1c. Perform Deployment
Alert Activities 1d. Family home station
support 2a. Establish and Defend a Company
Defensive Position 2b. Conduct Tactical
Convoy 2c. Conduct Tactical HUMINT Operations 2d.
Maintain Operation Secutity 3a. Conduct CGS
Mission Activities 3b. Produce an ISR Plan 3c.
Disseminate Present Intelligence 3d. Conduct
Tactical HUMINT Operations 3e. Produce
Intelligence Products 3f. Disseminate Combat
Information and Intelligence 3g. Perform Database
Management 4a. Execute Tactical HUMINT
Operations 4b. Conduct Reach Operations 4c.
Determine and Provide the Red Gray Portion of
the COP 4d. Integrate Theater and National
Intelligence Feeds,Terrain and Weather Support
Products into the COP 4e. Perform Imagery
Analysis 5a. Manage the IEW Architecture 5b.
Plan Produce Company Orders 5c. Sustain the
Force
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Analysis Products
1/184
1/184
1/184
MI
MI
MI
DISP DEV
TGT DEV
PLANS
1/184
1/184
1/184
MI
MI
MI
SIT DEV
IMAGERY
DBM
33
ANALYSIS PLATOON

• Produce Intelligence to Answer PIR
• Build/Maintain the Common Operating Picture (COP)
• Provide MDMP Support
• Conduct Database Operations

1 x ACT-E Vehicle 4 x ASAS-L 2 x VRC-92 2 x
Operations Tent 2 x 10KW Generator 2 x 30KW
Generator
34
ISR Analysis Platoon CTTL
SitDev Tm Disp Dev Tm TGT Dev Tm Plans Tm Imagery
Tm DB Mgt Tm
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS

• 1. Produce Intelligence to Answer PIR
• 2. Apply Intelligence to Build/Maintain the
  Common Relevant Operating Picture
• 3. Disseminate Intelligence to the Brigade S2
• 4. Command Control the Platoon
• 5. Prepare to Deploy

MI Co
35
Disposition Development Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
BATTLE TASKS
1. Evaluate Combat Information 2. Analyze
Combat Information 3. Synthesize Intelligence
to Answer PIR supporting Situational Development,
IEW and Force Protection 4. Answer RFI from
Produced Analysis 5. Command Control the
Section
36
Situation Development Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
1. Evaluate Combat Information 2. Analyze
Combat Information 3. Synthesize Intelligence
to Develop the Situation 4. Support Battle
Decision Making 5. Command Control the Section
37
Targeting Development Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
1. Evaluate Combat Information 2. Analyze
Combat Information 3. Synthesize Intelligence
to Support Targeting and BDA 4. Command
Control the Section
38
Imagery Interpretation Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
1. Interpret Imagery-based Combat Information
and Intelligence 2. Synthesize Imagery to
Answer PIR Supporting Situation Development, IW,
and Force Protection, Targeting, BDA, and
IPB. 3. Fuse Intelligence from Higher to
Support Intelligence Production 4. Command
Control the Section
39
Plans Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
1. Support Battle Planning (MDMP) and
Execution 2. Analyze Combat Information 3. Fuse
Intelligence from Higher to Support Intelligence
Production 4. Command Control the Section
40
Database Management Team
ISR Analysis Platoon
(Modified)
CTTL
BATTLE TASKS
1. Perform Intelligence Database Management 2.
Support Battle Planning (MDMP) and Execution 3.
Command Control the Section
41
INTEGRATION PLATOON

• Develop, Analyze, and Adjust Collection Plan
• Conduct CGS Operations
• Conduct Single Source Intelligence Fusion
• Conduct Signals Analysis and pass Tech Guidance

2/0/19
INTEGRATION
Platoon Headquarters
4 x ASAS-RWS 1 x Operations Tent 1 x 10KW
Generator
Requirements Team
1 x AN/TSQ-179v2 1 x PSC-5 TACSAT 1 x 10KW
Generator 1 x CGS (w/Chase and 2 x 10KW Generator)
Common Ground Station Team

1 x Trojan Spirit with Chase vehicle
Common Ground Station Team Trojan Spirit Team
MI
Staff Weather Office
MI
Attachments from 1st Weather Sqdn and 176th Sig
42
ISR Requirements Team
1. Prepare to Deploy 2. Conduct Mission
Management 3. Conduct Requirements
Management 4. Manage and recommend SIGINT
operations
43
Common Ground Station Team
Battle Tasks
1. Prepare to Deploy 2. Pull information and
intelligence from higher. 3. Conduct
Intelligence Analysis on collected information.
4. Disseminate information and provide early
warning to assets on the battlefield.
44
Staff Weather Team CTTL
CTTL
1. Collect Weather Information 2. Provide
Weather Support to Tactical Planning 3. Provide
WX Support to Battle Decision Making 4. Command
Control the Section
45
Intelligence Reconnaissance and Surveillance
(ISR) Center
BCT S2 (Forward/ CIC)
ISR Analysis and Integration Center (Main)
1 x AF O3 1 x AF E5/6
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
SWO/ IMETS-L WS - Provides organic, local,
high fidelity, 24 hour forecasting - Provides
detailed wx effects analysis of Bde AO

• Target Development/ ASAS-RWS
• Builds HPTL alarms
• Identifies and tracks targets
• Executes equipment queries
• to develop entities
• Sends TIDAT msgs to AFATDS
• BDA

From Surv Troop 1 x E5 96U 2 x E4 96U
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
1 x 96D E5 1 x 96D E4
UAV GCS - Visualization of UAV video (within 40
km) - UAV technical steerage and mission
taskings
1 x 35F O4 1 x 35E O3 (MTOE) 1 x 351B W2 1 x
351E W2 1 x 97E E7 1 x 97E E5 1 x 97B E4
Present ASAS-RWS - Translates Cdrs intent,
concept of ops, and CCIR into Intel guidance -
Supervises and directs all MI ops - Focuses and
integrates ISR planning - Provides Cdr and staff
with assessment of threat capability and
intentions - Provides Red/ Gray portion of the
COP - Develops products to facilitate Cdrs SA
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
Imagery WS - Accesses/Requests - Higher Imagery
Support - Exploits organic Imagery cap.

• Database/ ASAS-RWS
• - Maintains intelligence information database
• Executes Queries
• Performs combination processing to avoid
  redundancy of reporting and processing
• Enters/receives reports

S2X/ CI/ OPS-WS and CHATS - Requirements
development - Msn / Asset management - RFI
coordination - Asset synchronization - Source
registration deconfliction - ICF and incentives
management - Access to MDITs - TAC HUMINT spt to
Force Protection
COP
ISR
FIRES
PROTECT
2 x 96B E5 2 x 96B E4
CIC
ISR Analysis 1 x 350B W2 Sr Analyst 1 x 350B
W2 Sr Analyst 1 x 96B E7 Analyst 1 x 96B
E6 Analyst
BCT S2 1 x 35D O4 Bde S2 1 x 35D O3
Assistant S2 1 x 350B W2 Sr Analyst 1 x 96B E7
NCOIC 1 x 96B E5
Situation Development/ ASAS-RWS - Adds
commanders intent to display - Correlation and
integration of higher HQ analysis - Integrates
subordinate S2 analysis - Collaboration -
Integrates raw information with analytic efforts
to ensure collection is effective, and supporting
to the CIC.
1 x 35D O3 Battle CPT/ OIC
(MI CO Cdr) 1 x 35D O2 Battle CPT
ISR Integration 2 x 35D O2 ISR Integration
OIC 1 x 96B E7 NCOIC 1 x 96B E5 NCOIC
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
2 x 96B E4 2 x 96B E3
Situational Awareness ASAS-RWS - Maintains threat
portion of the current sit overlay and Intel
portion of the BCTs COP - Monitors and presents
threat sit development and COAs - Collaborates
with subordinate S2s on Intel products - Controls
dissemination of Intel to higher
1 x 96B E5 1 x 96B E3
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
1 x 98C E6 1 x 98C E5 1 x 98C E4 1 x 98C E3
ISR Requirements Management/ ASAS-RWS(2) -
Support Requirements Development - Mission
taskings and tech steerage for Multi-discipline
sensors in RSTA - Cross BOS ISR execution -
Mission management of selected sensors - Conducts
requirements management - Linked to Bde Plans
element - RFI management - Reachback for tech
support
1 x 96H E6 1 x 96H E5 2 x 96H E4 2 x 96H E3

• Disposition Development/
• ASAS-RWS
• - Maintains Disposition Overlay
• of the Bde AO
• Receives pre-processed
• sensor info from higher
• Develops Disposition Overlay
• by analyzing sensor
• reps/preprocessed info

JDISS - Provides access to Natl level/Joint
products - Collaborates with Natl Agencies
SIGINT Ops/ ESM Workstation (2) - SIGINT
analysis of raw info and SIGINT fusion -
Multi-Sensor Tech Steerage, - Reachback for tech
spt, planning, and requirements management
CGS-Remote - GRCS - U2 - JSTARS - EMTI
1 x 96B E4 1 x 96B E3
Focus is on the processing and fusion of internal
RSTA collection.
Plans/ ASAS-RWS - Receives products and graphic
display from Sit Development - Monitors current
Sit and wargames threat COA - Works directly for
Bde S2 and linked to Bde Plans
Based on 21 June 00 OTOE
46
1 x 96B E5 2 x 96B E3
Plans - Receives products and graphic display
from Sit Development - Monitors current Sit and
wargames threat COA - Works directly for Bde S2
and linked to Bde Plans
Link to Brigade
47
Analysis Products
1/184
1/184
1/184
MI
MI
MI
DISP DEV
TGT DEV
PLANS
1/184
1/184
1/184
MI
MI
MI
SIT DEV
IMAGERY
DBM
48
SIGINT Reporting / Direction
NSA, JWICS, ARFOR, National Collection
BDE CDR (BDE TOC/ACE)
TROJAN SPIRIT
SCO (SQDN TOC)
SIGINT Ops (ACE)
Target Folder/ISR Plan
TRP CDR (TRP CP)
PROPHET Control
Transcription/Analysis
PL (PL HQs)
PROPHET Teams
Mission Management
49
TACTICAL HUMINT PLATOON

• Collect Tactical HUMINT Information
• Conduct Force Protection Source Operations
• Provide Intelligence Support to Force Protection
• Report Operational and Intelligence Information

1/2/21
TAC HUMINT
Platoon HQs 1 x 35E O3/1 x 97E40
2 x Operational Management Team 1 x CW2
1 x 97E20 1 x 97B10
1 x CHATS 1 x PSC-5 TACSAT 1 x PRC-150 HF 1 x
VRC-92 1 x Operations Tent
4 x Tactical HUMINT Team 1 x 97E30 1
x 97E20 1 x 97B20 1 x 97E10
1 x M249 SAW/3 x M16 1 x CHATS 2 x ITRT 1 x PSC-5
TACSAT 1 x PRC-150 HF 1 x VRC-91
50
TAC HUMINT PLATOON CTTL
BATTLE TASK
1. DEPLOY/REDEPLOY 2. COLLECT TACTICAL HUMINT
INFORMATION 3. CONDUCT FORCE PROTECTION SOURCE
OPERATIONS 4. PROVIDE INTEL SUPPORT TO FORCE
PROTECTION 5. REPORT OPERATIONAL AND
INTELLIGENCE DATA 6. SUSTAIN THE FORCE
51
OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT TEAM
BATTLE TASK
1. DEPLOY/REDEPLOY 2. COLLECT, ANALYZE AND PASS
TACTICAL HUMINT REPORTS 3. MANAGE, TRACK AND
SYNCHRONIZE TACTICAL HUMINT TEAM OPERATIONS 4.
REPORT OPERATIONAL AND INTELLIGENCE DATA
52
TAC HUMINT TEAM
BATTLE TASK
1. DEPLOY/REDEPLOY 2. COLLECT TACTICAL HUMINT
INFORMATION 3. CONDUCT FORCE PROTECTION SOURCE
OPERATIONS 4. PROVIDE INTEL SUPPORT TO FORCE
PROTECTION 5. REPORT OPERATIONAL AND
INTELLIGENCE DATA
53
HUMINT Reporting / Direction
G2X COS
BDE CDR (BDE TOC)
S2X (CIOPS WS)
SCO (SQDN TOC)
PL/OMT (CHATS)
THT
TRP CDR (TRP CP)
Troop 97B (CHATS)
PL (PL HQs)
Recce HUMINTER (ITRT)
54
WEAKNESSES IDed in 1-25
- Difficulty in acquiring Specialty/Low Density
MOS Training - Physical Fitness - Soldiers not
trained on analog methods in AIT - No organic
Squadron Weather Team - No organic HQ personnel
(orderly room, NBC, training) - Linguist
Augmentation for TACHUMINT teams - No organic
repair capabilities
55
ACE / S2 Threat Situation Development (1 of 2)
ISR Analysis Section

• S2 Ops Team
• Uses COP to update BDE
• TOC graphics, templates
• and charts

Common Operating Picture

• Situation Development Tm
• Recognize threat COAs, intent, and capabilities
• Responsible for developing Brigade Threat
• Common Operating Picture (COP)

Populates BDE S2 RWS database
SALUTEs,spot reports, INTREPs, imagery
Subordinate (UAV,HUMINT, RSTA) and higher imagery
Correlated,enhanced,and annotated IMINT products

• Database
• Management Tm
• Controls ASAS/RWS
• Populates subordinate S2s
• RWS with relevant Intel

• Subordinate S2,
• non-organic ISR
• Organizations
• Intel and other
• relevant information

External collection and analysis products
Fused collection and analysis products

• Imagery Analysis Team
• Tailors subordinate/higher imagery to support
  targeting/planning products
• Stores products in Brigade Imagery Product
  Library

• Disposition Development Team
• Fuses external collection and analysis products
  to meet Brigade requirements
• Conducts trend and pattern analysis

56
ACE / S2 Threat Situation Development (2 of 2)
Brigade S2 Section

• S2 Operations Team
• Develop threat situation focusing on Brigade AO
  and current fight
• Receive input from subordinate S2s to update COP
  received from ISR Analysis Section
• Disseminate updated COP to subordinate units
  using ABCS

Assessment of threat COAs impact On future
friendly operations
Common Operating Picture
SALUTEs,spot reports, INTREPs, imagery
Common Operating Picture

• S2 Plans Team
• Recognize threat COAs, capabilities,
• and intentions
• Monitor current situation, assess impact of
• threat COAs on future friendly operations

Battalion S2 Squadron S2
57
ACE / S2 ISR Plan Monitoring/Update (1 of 1)

• Bde S2
• With BDE CDRs approval (if needed), authorizes
  additional ISR
• tasks, reallocation of ISR assets, or request
  for support from higher

ARFOR/JTF/ Higher Intel Organization

• S2 Operations Team
• Ensure ISR Plans of the subordinate battalions,
  RSTA
• Squadron, and ISR Integration Section are
  synchronized
• Use Intel Synchronization Matrix to track which
  ISR assets
• owe reports and when those reports are due
• Ensure that all decision makers receive the
  appropriate Intel
• Identify shortcomings in ISR Plan, shortcomings
  may result from
• 1. ISR Asset Reports are not providing
  adequate
• information to determine Decision Criteria
• 2. Threat Plan assumptions diverge from
  current
• assessment
• New Threat COAs (either potential or real) will
  prompt a
• mini-wargame using current Intel to
  validate/update BDE
• 1)Oper System Synch Matrix, 2)DST, 3)Intel
  Synch Matrix
• If ISR Plan must change, the following actions
  occur

• ISR Integration PLT
• Assist S2 Ops Sec in identifying
• ISR Plan shortcomings
• If plan needs to changed, will
• re-task accordingly

Additional asset or asset re-task request
ISR Plan changes
RSTA Squadron
Maneuver Battalions
58
ACE /S2 Target Development/BDA (1 of 1)

• Bde S2
• Brigade Senior Target Developer
• Briefs Current Threat Situation/BDA/Combat
• Effectiveness during Targeting Meeting
• Receives updated HPTL and TSM from FSO

ISR Analysis Section

• Imagery Analysis Tm
• Tailors subordinate and higher
• imagery to support targeting

Imagery request for Target Development
Tailored Imagery
Target Development results
BDA/Combat Effectiveness

• Target Development Tm
• Conducts Target Development using HVTL
• Processes info into graphic format to support
• Brigade Fire Support Plan
• Works directly with Fire Support Officer to
• execute targeting missions and coord changes
• Responsible for tracking BDA

• S2 Operations Team
• Threat Situation Development
• Track BDA and
• Threat Combat Effectiveness

BDA results
59
ACE / S2 Continuous IPB (1 of 1)
ARFOR/JTF/ Higher Intel Organization
IPB related Products/info

• S2 Plans Tm
• Modify IPB
• products using
• updated information

• ISR Analysis Section
• Processes all incoming information
• relating to IPB

Processed IPB information
Updated IPB products

• S2 Ops Tm
• Modify automated
• IPB products

Updated,automated IPB thru COP
RSTA Squadron
Subordinate Battalions
RSTA Squadron
Subordinate Battalions
60
ISR Planning Execution
61
ISSUES
1. Roles and Responsibilities. What is the
role of the BDE S2 versus the role of the RSTA
CDR? Who is the ISR Plan integrator/
synchronizer? How does the MICO support both
the BCT Main and the RSTA Squadron? 2. Who
attends Collaborative Planning at BDE and for
what portions of MDMP? 3. ISR Plan and Matrix
Suspense. 4. Issue of TOC co-location. The
BCT Operations OO, 18 MAR 04 talks about
co-locating the Recon TOC with the BCT Main
62
ISSUES BLUF
1. Roles and Responsibilities. What is the
role of the BDE S2 versus the role of the RSTA
CDR? BDE S2 ANALYZES CBT INFO NOMINATES
NAIs, ETC. RSTA CDR IS A COMMANDER AND NOT A
STAFF OFFICER, NOT A CHIEF OF RECON Who
is the ISR Plan integrator/ synchronizer?
BCT AND SQDN S3 How does the MICO support
both the BCT Main and the RSTA Squadron?
ANALAYZES ALL CBT INFO FOR BCT CDR ACCESSES
HIGHER LEVEL INTEL ASSETS/ PRODUCTS 2. Who
attends Collaborative Planning at BDE and for
what portions of MDMP? ALL-IMPORTANT
15-20 MINUTE COLLABORATIVE HUDDLE W/ BCT CDR
DIRECTLY AFTER RECEIPT OF MISSION (BCT CDR AND
PRIMARY STAFF RSTA CDR AND HIS S2, S3) 3. ISR
Plan and Matrix Suspense. CDRS INITIAL
RECON GUIDANCE DURING COLLABORATIVE HUDDLE
INITIAL ISR PLAN MATRIX BY WARNO 1, NLT WARNO
2 4. Issue of TOC co-location. TOCs
SHOULD NOT BE CO-LOCATED UNLESS OVERWHELMING
SITUATION DEMANDS SUCH. CO-LOCATION SHOULD NOT BE
SOP NOR USED OUT OF DESPERATION
63
Overview of ISR Duties, Responsibilities,
Relationships
Synchronizes/ integrates ISR effort across BCT.
Tasks assets due to operational rather than
analysis nature of recon and surveillance
massive land/space management issues.
BCT
S3
Nominates NAIs suggests employment of assets.
Analyzes combat information from higher from
RSTA SQDN. Does not task assets.
S2
Analyzes all combat info for BCT CDR, including,
but not limited to, that generated by RSTA SQDN.
Leverages reach from higher intel assets,
blends HUMINT, SOF-delivered info, and other
sources to shape the COP. Nominates NAIs and
suggests employment of assets.
MICO
Commander, not Chief of Recon. Hes a commander
of the soldiers and specialized equipment
providing the eyes and ears for the BCT CDR, hes
not an additional staff officer.
RSTA SQDN
CDR
Tasks RSTA assets synch integrates ISR effort
for SQDN Plans collaboratively w/ BCT 3, 2, MICO
S3
Nominates NAIs suggests employment of assets
Plans collaboratively W/ BCT 3, 2, MICO
S2
SURV TRP
Commander not a staff officer! As a commander,
he is not involved in collaborative planning at
the BCT level anymore than you would pull all
infantry company cdrs for Brigade-level
planning His troop must work habitually with RSTA
SQDN at all times TRP assets farmed out to other
SQDNs by exception only
CDR
64
ACCELERATED MDMP ISR PLANNING SUSPENSES
1
65
ACCELERATED MDMP ISR PLANNING

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

COA DEVELOPMENT

• ISR operations are a commanders function
  supported by the entire staff and subordinate
  units. FM 3-90.3, 4-1
• ISR is not a function it is a MISSION!
• Based on the initial IPB, PIR, and CCIR, the
  staff, primarily the intelligence officer,
  identifies intel gaps. Based on available
  surveillance and Recon assets and input from the
  intel officer, the operations officer prepares
  the initial ISR plan As ISR sources fill in gaps
  or the CCIR change, ISR taskings are updated. The
  operations officer does this with FRAGOs FM
  5-0
• MICOs/ S2s do not task elementsthat is an S3
  function
• ISR---a MISSION, is not something of secondary
  importance handed exclusively to S2s, granting
  them tasking authority
• RSTA Commander is a commander, not a super
  staff officer and not Chief of Recon!

COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
1
66

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

• METT-TC dependent
• Distances involved/ Quality of Communications
• Status of ongoing operations
• Historically (CTCs) it is the option resorted
  to in desperation when chaos prevails
• Type/ form of future mission
• Co-location by exception, rather than by SOP

COA DEVELOPMENT
COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON
Co-Location Pros Cons Easier for
continuous Collaborative Planning - SQDN CDR
becomes more of a super-staff officer instead
of a COMMANDER Face-to-face contact/
communication w/BC - At extended distance
SQDN CDR spends inordinate time traveling
back to AO - Poor Commo w/ Subords
- Historically (3ID OIF) ASAT, BFT, MCS(L)
connectivity very sketchy and unreliable
couple this with a SQDN TOC that is even more
distant from the line units and you have a
terminal problem - Artillery magnet

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
1
67
1

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

BCT CDRS VISUALIZATION FM 5-0, 3-10 AO,
Battlespace, Battlefield Organization
COA DEVELOPMENT
COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON
BCT CDR PLANNING GUIDANCE FM 5-0, 3-54 App.
D 1. Initial Operational Timeline 2. How to
abbreviate MDMP 3. Necessary coordination/ LNOs
to dispatch 4. Authorized Movt (Positioning of
C2) 5. Additional Staff Tasks 6. Collaborative
Planning Times 7. Initial IR or CCIR (as
required)

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

Immediately after mission received, BCT CDR calls
for a collaborative RSTA CDR/ staff huddle

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

Development of initial IR or CCIR for RSTA SQDN
criticalcannot wait until after Mission Analysis.
REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
1
68

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

1

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

BCT CDRS VISUALIZATION FM 5-0, 3-10 AO,
Battlespace, Battlefield Organization
COA DEVELOPMENT
COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
RSTA CDR and selected staff move to BCT TOC for
collaborative planning Collaboration
Commanders at all levels work together to
develop the best plans. This requires sharing
information freely between the command posts. The
goal is not just to reduce the time required to
produce and distribute the plans, but the real
goal is to produce a better plan by including
input from adjacent, higher, and lower elements.
Additionally, this collaboration promotes buy-in
and understanding of the plan, thereby enhancing
preparation and execution. FM
3-21.21 (7-22)
COA COMPARISON
BCT CDR PLANNING GUIDANCE FM 5-0, 3-54 App.
D 1. Initial Operational Timeline 2. How to
abbreviate MDMP 3. Necessary coordination/ LNOs
to dispatch 4. Authorized Movt (Positioning of
C2) 5. Additional Staff Tasks 6. Collaborative
Planning Times 7. Initial IR or CCIR (as
required)

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

BCT WARNO 1

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

CDRS FIRST PRIORITY INITIAL DEPLOYMENT OF RSTA
SQDN ASSETS INTO AO SPEED OF DECISION-MAKING
AND GUIDANCE HERE TRANSLATES INTO GREATER
SECURITY FOR RSTA ASSETSMORE TIME TO DEPLOY
ABILITY FOR GREATER STEALTH/ SURVIVABILITY
REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
2
69

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

2

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

COMMANDERS VISUALIZATION FM 5-0, 3-10 AO,
Battlespace, Battlefield Organization
COA DEVELOPMENT
RSTA CDR VISUALIZATION FM 5-0, 3-10 AO,
Battlespace, Battlefield Organization
COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON
PLANNING GUIDANCE FM 5-0, 3-54 App. D 1.
Initial Operational Timeline 2. How to abbreviate
MDMP 3. Necessary coordination/ LNOs to dispatch
4. Authorized Movt (Positioning of C2) 5.
Additional Staff Tasks 6. Collaborative Planning
Times 7. Initial IR or CCIR (as required)
RSTA CDR PLANNING GUIDANCE FM 5-0, 3-54 App.
D 1. Initial Operational Timeline 2. How to
abbreviate MDMP 3. Necessary coordination/ LNOs
to dispatch 4. Authorized Movt (Positioning of
C2) 5. Additional Staff Tasks 6. Collaborative
Planning Times 7. Initial IR or CCIR (as
required)

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

BCT WARNO 1

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

SQDN WARNO 1
RSTA ASSETS BEGIN INITIAL MANEUVER TO THEIR
GENERAL (TO-BE REFINED) AOs NAI REFINEMENT
OCCURS DURING MISSION ANALYSIS WHILE ASSETS ARE
MOVING INTO POSITION
REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
3
70

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

Type of Operation BCT Attack/ Defend/ M2C/ Raid
3
COA DEVELOPMENT
General Location of Operation Deploy RSTA assets
into general AO Initial NAIs
COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
SQDN WARNO 1
COA COMPARISON
FM 5-0, p 3-14 1. Type of operation 2. General
Location of Operation 3. Movement to Initiate 4.
Collaborative Planning Reqts 5. Initial IR or
CCIR 6. ISR Tasks
Movement to Initiate Ground Scouts begin
transportation to debarkation points then start
dismounted infiltration to checkpoints TUAVs
begin initial aerial surveillance routes Etc.

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

Initial IR or CCIR

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

ISR GUIDANCE FM 5-0, 3-55 3-20.96 Ch 3, 4 1.
Focus 2. Tempo 3. Engagement/ Disengagement
Criteria
REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
4
71

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

4
RSTA CDR/ Staff return
COA DEVELOPMENT

• Mission Analysis
• Collaborative vs. Distributive vs. Parallel
• BCT RSTA SQN commander maximum participation
• CDRs give prescriptive guidance

COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

ISR Planning (Mission Analysis Step 9) 1.
Develop Requirements 2. Develop Collection
Plan 3. Task or Request Collection 4.
Disseminate 5. Evaluate Reporting 6. Update ISR
Planning

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
5
72
Initial ISR Plan and Matrix
CDRs Huddle

• Mission Analysis
• Collaborative vs. Distributive vs. Parallel
• BCT RSTA SQN commander maximum participation
• CDRs give prescriptive guidance

Time of the essence! An initial ISR Plan (w/
initial Matrix) allows RSTA assets to begin R
S, therefore, goal is to disseminate in WARNO 1,
NLT WARNO 2.
73

• RECEIPT OF MISSION
• Issue Cdrs Initial Guidance

• MISSION ANALYSIS
• Approve Restated Mission
• State Commanders Intent
• Approve Initial CCIR

COA DEVELOPMENT

• Mission Analysis
• Collaborative vs. Distributive vs. Parallel
• BCT RSTA SQN commander maximum participation
• CDR gives prescriptive guidance

COA ANALYSIS (War-game)
COA COMPARISON

• COA APPROVAL
• Approve COA
• Specify Type of Order
• Specify Type of Rehearsal

• ORDERS PRODUCTION
• Approve Order

REHEARSAL
EXECUTION ASSESSMENT
6
74
QUESTIONS?