Wireless sensor networks for Forest fire detection

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Wireless sensor networksfor Forest
fire detection
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OUTLINE

• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF SENSOR NODES
• MOTE ARCHITECTURE
• APPLICATION AS A FOREST FIRE DETECTION
• CONCLUSION

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Communication architecture of Sensor networks
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Types of Sensor Nodes(motes)

• Gateways Nodes
• Common Nodes

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Mote Architecture
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Applications 1.Military
applications 2.Health applications
3.Commercial applications
4.Environmental applications
4.1 Habitat Monitoring 4.2
Forest Fire Detection
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Types of Forest Fires

• A. Ground fire B. Surface fire
  C. Crown fire

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Animals as Mobile Biological Sensors
For forest Fire Detection
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Animals used for sensing
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Sensors Used for detection
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Method of detection in Proposed System

• Thermal detection
• Animal Behavior Classification.

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Animal - Measuring the instant changes in
temperature
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Suitable animals for TD method
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Data gather from MBSs
Normal
Abnormal
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Animal behavior classification
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Monitoring animals locations via Satellite.
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Network architecture
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Infrastructure
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Objectives to be thought of

• How reliably and timely can the
• system detect a physical stimulus?
• How well does the system detect,
• localize or track physical stimuli?
• How does the system perform in the
• presence of node or link failures as
• wells as malicious attacks?

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Tools to be used

• Wireless Sensor Nodes
• Navigator (GPS)
• Computer
• TinyOS Embedded wireless sensor software
• NesC, Simulator

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Resource Requirement

• Permission to study the behavior of animal and to
  use in the experimental setup.
• MOTES used as a sensor, costing 1225.00 a Kit

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Advantages

• More dynamic and wider detection as compared to
  fixed sensors.
• Reduction in cost.
• Unreachable areas can now be controlled by MBSs.
• To detect poaching, and monitor comprehensive
  animal deaths.
• Proposed methods are very convenient and can
  easily detect.

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DISADVANTAGES

• Neither easy to capture suitable animals
  from the environment nor equip them with sensors.
• Possibility of lack of appropriate animals for
  special forests.
• Determining climate conditions, daily temp
  differences, seasonal normal temp values, etc.
  are problematic.
• Use of batteries create environmental pollution,
  introducing extra radiation and cadmium to the
  forest and animals.
• Moreover, each battery needs to be changed
  periodically, but capturing the MBS to do this is
  not easy.

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Conclusions

• New wireless technologies and new satellite
  tracking systems can be adapted to increase the
  efficiency of the system
• New sensors can be produced or existing sensors
  can be improved to increase robustness of the
  proposed system.
• A number of investigations can be made regarding
  animal behavior in case of fire to improve system
  reliability.