Daily Manure Production Per Animal

1
Daily Manure Production Per Animal

• We have estimates of manure production
• 4.5 kg/day/hd for swine (liquid manure)
• 45-50 kg/day/hd for dairy cow (liquid)
• 25-30 kg/day/hd for beef cow (liquid)
• Solid portion 13-15 of total

2
Animal Waste Nutrient Utilization Scenario

• Swine Confinement Facility
• 4000 animals _at_ 61 kg / animal
• Nutrient Content in kg/ day / 1000 kg
• 0.52 kg N / day / 1000 kg animal wt.
• 0.18 kg P / day / 1000 kg animal wt.
• 0.29 kg K / day / 1000 kg animal wt.

3
Manure Characteristics

• In general
• Nitrogen (ammonia) is in urine
• Phosphorus is in feces
• In the U.S. were working on ways to keep urine
  and feces separate

4
Manure Management Issues

• Animal manure is a liability in high density
  livestock production areas where fertilizers are
  cheap
• Animal manure is an asset if fertilizers are
  unavailable or expensive
• Odor and ammonia emission to air-global warming
• Odor issues are serious in residential areas
• Pollution of soil and water resources-water
  quality
• Hypoxia problems in international water

5
Nitrogen

• Is mobile in some forms (NO3)
• not in others (organic, NH4)
• Does not carryover like P
• Is not determined by soil test

6
Negative Environmental Impacts

• Nitrogen
• - Nitrates leaching to tilelines and/or
  groundwater
• - Ammonia runoff into surface water
• causing fish kills

7
Negative Environmental Impacts

• Phosphorus
• Loss with soil erosion
• Eutrophication (algae growth) of surface
  waters

8
Phosphorus

• Is bound to the soil particles
• Remains in the soil year to year
• Moves if soil erodes
• Is determined by soil test
• Does not volatilize like nitrogen

9
Manure Nutrient Planning

• Determine the hectares needed to maximize
  nutrient use and minimize negative environmental
  impacts

10
Question 1

• Which Nutrient should I use for planning...
• Nitrogen?
• Phosphorus?

11
U.S. Manure Law says...

• Use nitrogen for nutrient planning
• - Results in least land area needed
• - May not be best use of nutrients because
  phosphorus is overapplied
• - Laws in U.S. are changing to require P
  planning

12
NP Ratio of Manure

• NP ratio is different for different types of
  manure
• NP
• Cattle ratio 21
• Swine ratio 1.51
• Poultry ratio 12

13
Phosphorus Planning

• Requires more hectares
• Results in lower application rates
• Maximize economic value of manure
• Depends on crop manure application frequency
• Requires additional commercial N fertilizer