A Reconstruction of TWELFTH NIGHT

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A Reconstruction ofTWELFTH NIGHT

• Virginia Gano

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The Elizabethan Period

• 1558 - 1603

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Permanent Theaters Established

• 1567 The Red Lion
• 1572 Statute legitimizes better troupes
• 1574 First Royal Patent
• 1583 Queens Men created

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The Theater in London
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William Shakespeare

• 1564 - 1616

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Performances of Twelfth Night

• January 6, 1600 Court
• 1600 Globe Playhouse
• February 1602 Middle Temple
• 1615 Court
• 1623 Court

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Globe Playhouse
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Interior of the Globe
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Globe Interior Features
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The Globe Stage
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The Globe Pillars

• Height
• 24 feet 9 inches
• Weight
• 1.5 2.0 tons

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Evidence

• Globe and Rose Excavations
• De Witt Drawing
• Hollars Long View of London
• Nordens Civitas Londini
• Philip Henslowes Diary

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The Lord Chamberlains Men

• 1594 - Organized by Lord Hunsdon
• 1599 - Built the Globe Playhouse
• 1603 - Became the Kings Men
• 1608 - Gained possession of the Blackfriars

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Production Practices

• Performed six days per week
• Different play each day
• Purchased, licensed, and copied play
• Bookkeeper prepares playbook and casts parts
• Props and costumes assembled roles prepared
• Actors learn lines
• Rehearsal to check entrances, exits, and work out
  complicated scenes

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Possible Cast of Twelfth Night

• Sir Toby Belch (401) Thomas Pope
• Feste (347) Robert Armin
• Malvolio (311) Augustine Phillips
• Orsino (219) Richard Burbage
• Sir Andrew (179) Richard Cowley
• Sebastian (131) William Sly
• Fabian (130) John Heminges
• Antonio (107) Henry Condell
• Captain (32) William
  Shakespeare

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Actors

• Actors became more respectable.
• Shakespeare, Heminges, and Phillips granted coats
  of arms
• Heminges and Condell were church wardens
• Burbage very popular with the ladies

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Staging

• Trumpet announces performance
• Convention of invisibility
• Convention of inaudibility
• Convention of pretended darkness

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The Audience

• Came from every social class
• Free to move around in sections
• Water, wine, beer, fruit, and nuts sold
• The yard filled with artisans and apprentices

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Women in the Audience

• Women of all social classes
• A woman accompanied by a man was respectable
• Standing in the yard damaged a womans reputation

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Twelfth Night, or, What You Will

• 1600
• Most productive period (1 comedy, 1 tragedy per
  season)
• Last romantic comedy written by Shakespeare

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Texts of Twelfth Night

• Folio - only text

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Female Characters

• Viola
• Olivia
• Maria

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Male Characters

• Orsino
• Sir Toby
• Malvolio
• Sir Andrew
• Feste
• Fabian
• Sebastian
• Antonio
• Captain

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Plot

• Main romantic plot Orsino, Viola, Olivia,
  Sebastian
• Low comedy subplot Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Maria,
  and Malvolio

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Settings

• 18 scenes in five locations
• Orsinos Court
• Sea coast of Illyria
• Olivias house
• Olivias grounds (inner and outer
  courtyard,orchard)
• A city street

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Diction
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Music in Twelfth Night

• Begins and ends with music
• Three complete songs
• Festes final song a substitution for the jig

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Special Effects

• Simple special effects in Twelfth Night
• Wind
• Waves
• Thunder
• Blood

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Properties

• Cups
• Jewels
• Veils
• Letters
• Purses
• Dagger
• Swords
• Beard

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Costume in Twelfth Night

• Twin costumes for Viola and Sebastian
• Courtly dress
• Malvolios chain and yellow stockings
• Festes motley
• Priests robes
• Mourning and bridal dresses for Olivia

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Complications
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Confusion and Revelation
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Thought

• Appearance versus Reality
• Self-love and Self-deception
• Rejection
• Monetary Concerns