Reconstruction: 1865-1877 What should we do with the Southern states ?

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Reconstruction 1865-1877What should we do with
the Southern states ?

• PLAN 1
• MODERATE REPUBLICAN PLAN (LINCOLN and his VP
  Andrew Johnson)
• 1. RESTORE the UNION immediately WITHOUT a
  focus on the rights of free blacks

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PLAN 2

• RADICAL REPUBLICANS want
• 1. To punish the SOUTH
• 2. To guarantee rights for free blacks
• Lincoln was politically powerful and the radicals
  could not do what they wanted at first

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MODERATERECONSTRUCTION1862-1866

• ABRAHAM LINCOLN
• 10 PLAN Let Rebel States back in the Union when
  10 pledge loyalty
• Restore the UNION QUICKLY!
• 13th Amendment Abolishes slavery

LINCOLNS ASSASSINATION ACTUALLY HELPS FREE BLACKS
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Problems with Lincolns Plan

• Free Blacks do not get
• Economic support
• Protection from southern whites
• Land and supplies to farm on their own
• Lincoln was so eager to restore the Union he was
  willing to re-admit Southern states without
  guaranteeing the rights of free Blacks

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MODERATE RECONSTRUCTION ends1866!

• LINCOLN ASSASSINATED New Pres ANDREW JOHNSON
• Wants to continue LINCOLNS PLAN
• POLITICALLY WEAK!
• JOHNSON LOSES CONTROL OF RECONSTRUCTION!!!!

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RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION 1866-1876

• Radicals gain control of Congress and
  RECONSTRUCTION
• Override all of Johnsons vetoes
• Johnson impeached but not convicted

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Achievements of RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION

• FREEDMANS BUREAU helps free blacks with food
  and housing
• 14th Amendment EQUAL protection ALL CITIZENS
• 15th Amendment Voting Rights ALL CITIZENS

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Freedmens Bureau School
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Black White Political Participation
Which states do you think had the first black
government officials?
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TRIUMPHS OF RECONSTRUCTION
For a brief period -FREE Black men could vote
and hold office -Black men were even elected to
Congress
FREE Black men elected to the US Congress
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Radical Reconstruction Falls Apart

• 1877 US Army removed from the SOUTH.
• White racist SOUTHERNERS TAKE Control of govt.
• Ku Klux Klan (KKK) intimidates free Blacks
• Southerners create BLACK CODES Laws that
  restrict the freedom of free blacks (almost like
  slavery)

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BIGGEST FAILURE OF RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION

• Blacks were given POLITICAL freedom but never
  ECONOMIC FREEDOM
• Never got the supplies and training they needed
• Never given 40 acres and a mule
• Blacks were forced to go back to work for their
  former masters