What’s the Difference?

1
Whats the Difference?

• It depends on whom you ask

2
Coke vs. Pepsi

• Whats the difference between the two?
• Which one is better?
• Which would you choose?

3
ATT vs. Verizon

• Whats the difference between the two?
• Which one is better?
• Which would you choose?

4
McDonalds vs. Burger King

• Whats the difference between the two?
• Which one is better?
• Which would you choose?

5
Nike vs. Under Armour

• Whats the difference between the two?
• Which one is better?
• Which would you choose?

6
Democrats vs. Republicans

• Whats the difference between the two?
• Which one is better?
• Which would you choose?

7
Which would you choose?
STALIN VS. HITLER
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Stalin vs. Hitler

• What is the difference between the two?
• Which one was better?
• Which one would you choose?

9
Nazism vs. Stalinism

• Fascism vs. Communism

10
Symbolism
Do you recognize these symbols? What do they
stand for? Which one of these symbols do
you dislike the most? Why?
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Fascism

• Nazism is a form of fascism.
• Fascism is a radical, authoritarian, nationalist
  political ideology.
• Fascists seek to eliminate forces deemed to cause
  degeneration to (breakdown of) the state. They
  seek to build national community where
  individuals are bound by ancestry, culture, and
  race.
• Fascists believe a nation requires strong
  leadership and a singular collective identity and
  forbid opposition to the state.
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascism

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NazismNationalist Socialist German Workers Party

• Hitler believed Germany had been weakened by
  groups that lived within its borders.
• He proposed strengthening the nations military
  and expanding its borders to include Germans
  living in other nations.
• He called for the purification of the Aryan race
  (blonde, blue-eyed Germans) by removing groups he
  considered undesirable.
• Hitler and the Nazi party promised to stabilize
  the country and restore the empire that had been
  lost in WWI.

13
Communism

• Stalinism refers to the policies and governmental
  philosophy of Joseph Stalin, leader and dictator
  of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953.
• A totalitarian system of government in which a
  single authoritarian party controls state-owned
  means of production.
• A system whereby all goods are owned in common
  and are available to all as needed.
• In a communist society there is no private
  property.
• The goal of communism was a state-less,
  class-less society.
• Howd that work out?

14
Stalinism

• By the late 1920s, after Lenins death in 1924,
  Stalin was effectively the dictator of the Soviet
  Union.
• His forced collectivization of agriculture cost
  millions of lives, while his program of rapid
  industrialization achieved huge increases in
  Soviet productivity and economic growth, but at
  great cost.
• The population suffered immensely during the
  Great Terror of the 1930s, during which Stalin
  purged the party of enemies of the people,
  resulting in the execution of thousands and the
  exile of millions to the gulag system of slave
  labor camps. http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic
  _figures/stalin_joseph.shtml
• While some claim that Stalin hijacked communism,
  the practice of communism has always led to
  dictatorial government and repressive control of
  individuals.

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A few similarities

• Government has unrestrained power.
• Government controlled all foreign trade, wages,
  and prices.
• Government domination of money and the economy.
• Militarization created jobs.

A few differences

• Fascism allowed private enterprise (but
  controlled it) communism does not allow private
  property.
• Fascism is said to be right-wing communism is
  said to be left-wing.
• Fascism told people they had to sacrifice for
  their country communism told people they had to
  sacrifice for their fellow citizens.

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Common Threads

• Stalin purged the communist party of those that
  were considered enemies. Thousands were executed.
• Hitler called for the purification of the Aryan
  race by removing groups he considered
  undesirable. Included in those groups were Jews,
  handicapped people, homosexuals, political
  prisoners, gypsies, and Soviet prisoners of war.
• They both sought to eliminate the undesirables.

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Common Threads

• Fascists believed a nation requires strong
  leadership and a singular collective identity,
  and forbade opposition to the state.
• Communism represented a totalitarian system of
  government in which a single authoritarian party
  controls state-owned means of production.
• Each ideology had no room for dissent or varying
  points of view. Each held strict beliefs in
  terms of who would make decisions for the
  greater good of the society.

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A Synopsis

• These forms of government highlight the reality
  of a minority rule.
• In each instance, the unelected few make and
  enforce the rules and dictate policy to the
  majority of the citizens who have no say in what
  the government does.
• These types of governments cannot last as they
  must spend valuable resources controlling the
  population.
• In short, the supporters of each ideology must
  create a police state to survive.

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A Record of Death

• Millions of people suffered and died as a result
  of these two ideologies.
• There are two schools of thought when attempting
  to calculate the number of deaths that resulted
  from Nazism and Stalinism.
• The Big Numbers school, associated with the
  right wing, have made estimates on the high end
  while the Lower Numbers school, members of the
  liberal wing, have made estimates on the low end.
• Estimates are based on a compilation of data from
  various sources.

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Nazism Estimated Death Toll

• It is estimated that Hitler and the Nazis were
  responsible for
• Low Estimate 10 million deaths
• High Estimate 25 million deaths
• Median Estimate 15.5 million deaths
• http//necrometrics.com/20c5m.htmHitler

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Stalinism Estimated Death Toll

• It is estimated that the Stalinist regime was
  responsible for
• Low Estimate 9 million deaths
• High Estimate 66 million deaths
• Median Estimate 20 million deaths
• http//necrometrics.com/20c5m.htmStalin

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Please Insert Disc 2

• These stories will reinforce the lesson
• Enn Sarv Survivor Nazi Concentration Camp
  Soviet Gulag 611 (entire clip)
• Tiia-Ester Loitme Conductor, Deported at Age 14
  (view the first 411 of this clip)
• Introduction Mari-Ann Kelam 130 (entire clip)

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Would you still choose?

• Each system of government was responsible for
  millions of deaths.
• Do the number of deaths resulting from these
  governments and the ideologies matter in any
  meaningful sense?
• What matters more, what their goals were or what
  they actually did?
• Do their goals really matter at all?

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So

• How different were Hitlers Nazism and Stalins
  communism?

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Questions to Consider

• Should fascism or communism be considered a
  legitimate form of government? Why / Why not?
• In a free society, should the public decide for
  themselves how they want to be governed? And
  what if they choose a form of government that has
  been proven historically to be oppressive?
• Do you think people prefer to have their
  government regulate society or do you think
  people would prefer to self-regulate?
• What is the proper role of government?

26
Homework

• Research the terms totalitarian and
  totalitarianism.
• Write an essay in which you compare and contrast
  fascism and communism.
• Relate each of the two systems of government to
  the term totalitarianism.