Personal Preparedness Pandemic Influenza Prevention of Disease Transmission

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Personal Preparedness Pandemic Influenza
Prevention of Disease Transmission

• Training for Canadian Red Cross
• Employees and Volunteers

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Aim of the Session

• The purpose of this training session is to
  educate Canadian Red Cross staff and volunteers
  on personal preparedness, pandemic influenza and
  prevention of disease transmission.

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Learning Objectives

• After this session you will be able to
• List the 3 steps of emergency household
  preparedness
• Identify key components of Pandemic Influenza
  Prevention and Preparedness
• Identify the risk factors associated with disease
  transmission
• Identify hazards and pathways for disease
  transmission in your environment
• Identify precautions and actions which will help
  in the prevention of disease transmission

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Emergencies

• Not all emergencies happen suddenly.  A
  widespread outbreak of an infectious disease,
  such as a flu pandemic, may start slowly but
  could turn into a major emergency if it affects a
  large number of people. 

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Personal Emergency Preparedness 3 Steps

• Step 3 Prepare a kit
• Step 2 Make a plan
• Step 1 Know your risks

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Emergency Preparedness The First 72 Hours...and
Beyond

• Who is responsible for the safety of you and your
  family in a disaster?
• Individual
• Municipal
• Provincial
• Federal

Its up to you!
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Swiss Air
Emergency PreparednessStep 1 Know your risks
Ice Storm 1998
SARS Outbreak in Ontario 2003
Saguenay Floods
Pine Lake, AB
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Emergency PreparednessStep 1 Know Your Risks

• Check the risks and other hazards that would
  most likely affect your community

Checklist reproduced from 72 hrs ... Is your
family prepared?
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Emergency PreparednessStep 2 Make a Plan

• Establish meeting places ahead of time.
• In and out of your community
• Establish an evacuation plan.
• Ensure your smoke detector is working. Change
  your battery at daylight savings time.
• Ensure you have planned for children, disabled
  persons as well as the elderly.
• Make a plan for pets and pet care.
• Pets are not allowed in emergency shelters
• Have a list of your emergency contacts and family
  phone numbers.

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Step 3 Making Your KitEmergency and Evacuation
Survival Kit
Water and Food Supplies

• 2-4 litres of water per person per day
• Ready-to-eat canned meats, fruits, and vegetables
• Canned juices, milk, and soups
• Can opener
• High energy foods like peanut butter, jelly,
  crackers, granola bars, dry fruit and nut mix
• Vitamins
• Special needs foods (i.e. diabetics, allergies,
  pet food)
• Replace food and water every 6 months.

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Step 3 Making your kitEmergency and Evacuation
Survival Kit

• In the event of an emergency, you should be
  prepared to provide for your basic needs,
  including food and water, for a minimum of 3
  days.
• If it appears that your community may be
  affected by a flu pandemic, you should be
  prepared to take care of yourself and your family
  for a slightly longer period say 7 to 10 days.

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Emergency PreparednessAssembling Your Kits
Emergency Survival Kit

• Personal care items
• Documents (photocopies)
• Insurance
• Debit, credit cards
• Identification
• Cash
• Emergency contact information
• Water and non-perishable food
• Other personal needs

• First aid kit and medications
• Crank or battery operated radio and batteries
• Extra set of car and house keys
• Flashlight and batteries
• Warm blankets
• Safety candles, fire proof container, matches or
  lighter

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Emergency PreparednessSummary Checklists

• Know your local hazards
• Develop a plan based on your risks
• For your family and household
• For your children (school plan)
• Prepare your kits based on your risks

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Pandemic Influenza
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Emergency Preparedness Special Focus What is
the Flu (Influenza)?
Public Health Agency of Canada
http//www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/influenza/pandemic_e.ht
ml
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Emergency Preparedness Special FocusTransmission
and Symptoms

• Pandemic Influenza severe respiratory illness
  caused by flu virus
• Spread from person to person through coughing,
  sneezing, or through contact with unwashed hands
  and contaminated surfaces via airborne
  respiratory droplets
• Symptoms include fever, headache, extreme
  tiredness, dry cough, sore throat, runny or
  stuffy nose, and muscle aches

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Facts about Germs

• An infection is a disease caused by germs that
  invade your body.
• Germs can be contracted from people, objects,
  food, animals, or insects. Your body will react
  to the germs it may or may not be able to fight
  off the infection caused by the germs. Infection
  may lead to disease. How do you recognize
  situations in which disease transmission might
  occur and protect yourself and others from
  infectious disease at home, at school, in the
  workplace and in other public and recreational
  settings?

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Infection
An infection is a condition caused by the
invasion of germs in the body.

• For someone to get an infection or infectious
  disease, four things must happen
• Germs must be present in the environment
• The germs must enter the body
• Enough germs must be present to cause infection
• The individuals natural defences must be weak
• If any of these conditions is missing, infection
  cannot occur.

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How is an Infection Spread?

• Direct Contact
• A disease is transmitted by direct contact when a
  person touches body fluids that contain a germ
  from an infected person

Direct contact gt
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How is an Infection Spread?

• Indirect Contact
• Some diseases are transmitted by indirect contact
  with germs on an object that has been in contact
  with an infected persons body fluids.

Indirect contact gt
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How is an Infection Spread?

• Airborne Transmission
• An airborne disease is transmitted when someone
  breathes out germs and you breath them in. Germs
  are usually present in tiny droplets that an
  infected person coughs or sneezes from up to 3
  feet from your face.

Airborne transmission gt
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How is an Infection Spread?

• Vector Transmission
• Some disease can be transmitted if an animal,
  insect, or even a human bites or stings a person
  and transmits a pathogen into the persons body.

Vector transmission gt
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Preventing Diseases from Spreading

• Personal precautions are actions that individuals
  or groups can take to reduce the risk of disease
  transmission
• Includes activities such as hand- washing,
  educating others and safe close personal contact.

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Preventing Diseases from Spreading

• Equipment precautions involve items used to
  protect people from direct contact with
  contaminated objects
• Includes barrier devices between you and
  object/person such as gloves, resuscitation
  devices and disposal containers

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Preventing Diseases from Spreading

• Environmental precautions involves the set-up of
  an area that reduces exposure and encourages
  proper use of personal and equipment precautions
• Includes activities such as adding more
  equipment, and supplies in public places and,
  practising social distancing by avoiding crowds
  in the event of a pandemic flu.

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Personal Precautions

• Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly.
• This is the single most important precaution you
  can take to prevent disease transmission.
• Remember to use a barrier (e.g. paper towel)
  between the faucet and your clean hands if using
  public washrooms.

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Personal Precautions Handwashing

• Always use warm running water and a mild soap.
• Wet your hands and apply a small amount of soap
  (use liquid if possible), approximately the size
  of a dime or quarter.
• Rub your hands together vigorously until you see
  a soapy lather. Make sure you scrub between your
  fingers, under your fingernails, and around the
  backs and palms of your hands.

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Personal Precautions Handwashing

• Rinse your hands under warm running water. Leave
  the water running while you dry your hands.
• Dry your hands with a clean, disposable towel.
  Be careful not to touch the faucet handles or the
  towel with your clean hands.
• Turn the faucet off using the towel as a barrier
  between your hands and the faucet handle. Throw
  the used towel into a trash can that is lined
  with a plastic bag.

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Equipment Precautions Use of Gloves

• The correct technique for removing gloves is to
  peel them off from the wrist, turning them inside
  out as they roll down the hand. To remove the
  second glove, grasp it at the inside of the wrist
  and peel it back from the inside, not touching
  the soiled surface. Ensure you dispose of your
  gloves correctly.
• Description and illustration on next slide.

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Equipment Precautions Use of Gloves
Step 1 Pinch the glove at the wrist, being
careful to touch only the gloves outside surface
Step 2 Pull the glove down and off
Step 3 Form the glove into a ball and hold it
in the other hand. Insert thumb under the inside
rim of glove, on palm side, push glove inside out
and down onto fingers and over balled glove.
Discard gloves appropriately.
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Pandemic InfluenzaProtecting Myself and My Family

• Wash your hands often, using plenty of soap and
  water.
• Cover your mouth when you cough.
• Use a tissue when you sneeze then dispose of it
  or sneeze into your sleeve as this spreads less
  germs.
• If you become sick, stay at home.
• Talk to your health care provider about annual
  flu shots.
• Use proper food handling techniques.

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Pandemic InfluenzaHow is the Canadian Red Cross
Preparing?

• If you would like to know more about activities
  the Canadian Red Cross is undertaking to protect
  its employees and volunteers during a pandemic,
  please speak with your supervisor.

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COMPLETE THE QUIZ

• Please proceed to the following link to complete
  a short quiz on the information provided in this
  training module. Please ensure you click on the
  appropriate link for your designated Zone or
  Program.
• Western Zone
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u797032368924
  
• Ontario Zone
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u48022368923
• Québec Zone
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u408742368919
  
• Atlantic Zone
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u149852367687
  
• National Office
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u643762368937
  
• Community Health Services
• http//www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u929242368927