FACS Unit 2

1
FACS Unit 2

• Individual and Family Relationships

2
Self-Concept

• Mental picture people have of themselves their
  opinion about themselves
• Influences the way others see you, too!
• Can be positive or negative.

2.2
3
Characteristics of Positive Self-Concept

• Respectful (of self and others)
• Reliability
• Responsible
• Self-control

2.2
4
Characteristics of Positive Self-Concept

• Goal-oriented
• Avoids blaming others for mistakes
• Resolves conflicts in a positive manner
• Takes care of themselves

5
Characteristics of Negative Self-Concept

• Have self doubt/negative attitude
• Easily persuaded by peer pressure
• Doesnt take care of health
• Has poor relationships skills
• Feels that the world is against them
• Feels that there is no hope for improvement

2.2
6
Effects of Self-Concept on Health

• Negative self-concept has negative impact
• Chronic illnesses such as diabetes, heart
  disease, high blood pressure can be linked to
  poor self esteem and stress
• May also lead to depression

2.2
7
Effects of Self-Concept on Health

• Positive self-concept has positive impact
• People who feel good about themselves are more
  likely to take care of their bodies.
• People with a good self concept are less likely
  to engage in activities that risk personal health

2.2
8
Improving Self-Concept

• What things can a person do to improve his or her
  self-concept?

9
Individual Life Cycle

• Infancy Birth-2
• Early Childhood 2-6
• Middle Childhood 6-12
• Adolescence 12-20
• Early Adulthood 20-40
• Middle Adulthood 40-65
• Late Adulthood/End of Life 65

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Infancy
• Birth 2 Years
• Grow 10-12 inches and triple body weight 1st
  year.
• Learning to develop attachments, trust, etc.
• Period of most rapid growth.

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Early Childhood
• 2 6 Years
• Physical development progresses steadily.
• Middle Childhood
• 6 12 Years
• Physical development is steady and slow.

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Adolescence
• On set of puberty occurs due to complex set of
  hormonal changes.
• Girls reach sexual maturity as early as age 12
  1/2 while boys achieve it later.

2.3
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Emotional And Social Changes During Adolescence

• Hormonal changes
• feelings of restlessness and irritability
• mood swings
• Peer pressure
• Dating and romantic relationships
• Struggle for independence
• begins to resent adult interference
• conflict with parent/authority figures

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Changes of Adolescence for Girls
• breasts enlarge
• waistline narrows
• hair appears on legs, underarms, and pubic area
• fat deposits on hips, thighs, and arms
• oil and sweat glands more active
• reproductive system matures and menstruation
  occurs

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Changes during Adolescence for Boys
• neck thickens and shoulders broaden
• muscles increase in size and strength
• voice deepens
• hair appears on face
• reproductive system and sex organs increase in
  size sperm production begins
• A growth spurt usually occurs a year or more
  before puberty begins

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Early Adulthood
• The brain reaches a stable size and weight.
• A person has more muscle tissue, more calcium in
  the bones and a more efficient immune system.

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Middle Adulthood
• Brain size diminishes somewhat.
• A loss of reproductive capacity occurs (menopause
  for women).
• Bone mass declines significantly beginning at age
  30
• Lens of the eye start to thicken which reduces
  vision.
• Hearing loss may occur.

2.3
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Changes of Individual Life Cycle

• Late Adulthood

2.3
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Habits That Affect Personal Health

• Find balance for emotional, social and physical
  health.
• Positive forces that can enhance your health
• Exercise
• Positive stress management
• Sufficient sleep
• Good Nutrition (www.mypyramid.gov)

2.4
20
Habits That Affect Personal Health

• Negatives behaviors can endanger your personal
  health
• Communicable disease / STDs
• Violence
• Eating Disorders / Poor Nutrition
• Suicide
• Poor stress management
• Inactivity
• Substance Abuse

2.4
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Tobacco
• nicotine--addictive drug
• cancer causing
• creates physical stress

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Tobacco (cont)
• secondhand smoke
• 6 times highway pollution in crowded room
• can be connected to SIDS
• upper respiratory infections, ear infections in
  children

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Alcohol
• destroys brain cells--brain is smaller in
  drinkers than non-drinkers
• excessive use of alcohol can cause serious damage
  to nearly every part of your body
• teens are more susceptible to alcohol addiction
  than any other age group

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Alcohol (cont)
• movement, speech, vision and good judgment are
  all altered when consuming alcohol
• becomes dangerous when mixed with other drugs
• contributes to social problems
• FAS/FAE (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol
  Effect)

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Inhalants
• dangerous substances with fumes
• sniffed to produce a mind-altering high
• includes glue, hair spray, nail polish, spray
  paints, magic markers, white out

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Effects of Inhalants
• dizziness
• loss of coordination
• memory loss
• death

2.10
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Effects of Harmful Substances

• Drugs
• cause serious harm and even death
• cause deformities,dependency, and death in babies
  of users
• contributing factors in accidents
• See About Illegal Drugs Handout

2.10
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State Symptoms of Stress

• Sweaty hands
• Headaches
• Tightness in shoulders or neck
• Feeling overly tired or inability to sleep
• Feeling overwhelmed
• Loss of or sudden increase in appetite

2.5
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Positive Coping Methods

• Tips to reduce stress
• Think positively
• Choose what problems you want to deal with and
  let the others go
• Learn to be more accepting
• Be open to other points of view
• Learn relaxation techniques
• Exercise or engage in physical activity
• Find a hobby

2.5
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Positive Coping Methods

• You are a school athlete. Your grades are
  falling and the coach has warned you that if you
  do not improve your grades, that you will be
  kicked off the team. Besides this, your father
  has been ill and has been unable to work. You
  have been working part-time after school and
  weekends to help your parents pay the bills. You
  are in drama class and you have to learn your
  part for the upcoming play. You are president of
  your school club and you have many upcoming
  events that you need to organize.
• How do you cope?

2.5
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Assignment Stress Reduction Plan

• Identify 5 stressors (sources of stress) in your
  life.
• Identify possible ways to manage or reduce stress
  from each of the stressors.
• Write 2 short-term stress reduction goals and 1
  long-term stress reduction goal based on your
  ideas.

2.5
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Peer Pressure

• From Friends
• Source of stress
• Affects Self Esteem
• You may be manipulated to serve purpose of peers
• Should influence choice of friends
• From You
• Try to convince friends to act differently
• Affects personal standards and morals

2.11
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Dealing With Peer Pressure

• Plan ahead for actions of negative peer pressure.
• Be positive about choices.
• Make choices based on your own values.
• Stand up for what you believe in say NO
• Suggest alternatives

2.11
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Coping With Peer Pressure Positively

• What would you do if
• your friends wanted you to sneak out of your
  house and meet them at midnight?
• Try a drug?
• Try shop lifting?
• Steal a copy of a test?
• Drive faster than the speed limit?
• Go to someones house for a party when their
  parents are gone?

2.11
35
Test Review

• Unit 2, Part 1

36
Types of relationships

• Family
• Friendships
• Spouse
• Child

• Acquaintance
• Fiancé
• Neighbor
• Others?

2.6
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Reasons for Establishing Meaningful Relationships

• Benefits
• meet emotional and social needs
• companionship
• skills for getting along with others
• a feeling of acceptance and approval
• feeling of security
• help for coping with life changes

2.6
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Ways to Build and Maintain Positive Relationships

• develop respect and trust within relationships
• show genuine interest in others
• avoid stereotyping and prejudice
• strive to resolve conflicts positively

2.6
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Ways to Build and Maintain Positive Relationships

• be trustworthy
• be understanding
• be generous and unselfish
• be considerate and respectful
• be positive
• be flexible

2.6
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Communication

• Sending and receiving of messages through words
  and gestures
• Clarity is critical
• Prevents misunderstandings

2.7
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Communication

• Verbal communication
• expressing ideas to others by using oral or
  written words
• examples speech, writing, Braile, email
• Nonverbal communications
• expressing ideas to others through body language
• example facial expressions, posture

2.7
42
Communication

• Verbal messages
• consider the goal
• state ideas in clear and concise voice
• avoid speaking for others
• match tone with message
• use language understood by the receiver
• avoid negative communication
• ex. Bragging, teasing, offensive language, slang
  words

2.7
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Communication

• Nonverbal
• maintain eye contact
• avoid negative body language
• respect personal space
• maintain a well-groomed appearance
• ex. Take frequent showers, shampoo, and wear
  clean clothes
• exhibit effective body language
• ex. Good posture, attentiveness

2.7
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Effects of communication on relationships

• Gossip
• hurtful and destroys relationships
• can be a barrier to friendship
• may cause breakdown in family relationships
• ruin reputations
• cause depression and anxiety

2.7
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Effects of communication on relationships

• Gossip
• promote poor self worth
• may cause others to question the integrity of the
  person who gossips
• Ask these questions Is it the truth? Is it
  fair? Is it necessary to tell? If no--KEEP
  QUIET.

2.7
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Positive ways to resolve conflicts

• Steps in Conflict Resolution
• Define the problem
• Suggest a solution
• Evaluate the solution
• Compromise
• Brainstorm
• Mediate

2.8
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State positive ways to resolve conflicts, cont.

• Learn to Negotiate
• Compromise--coming to an agreement in which each
  person gives up something in order to get what
  they both want.

2.8
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State positive ways to resolve conflicts, cont.

• Guidelines for negotiation
• Choose appropriate time and place
• Be open-minded and flexible
• Accept responsibility for your role in the
  conflict
• Work together to find a positive solution
• Dont give up
• Seek help

2.8
49
Types of Family Structures

• Nuclear Family
• This consists of a mother father, and one or more
  children born to them.
• Single parent family
• One parent raising one or more children.
• Blended Family
• Formed when two people marry and at least one
  already has children.

2.9
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Types of Family Structures

• Extended Family
• Another relative such as a grandparent or aunt,
  lives with the family.
• Adoptive Family
• Parents legally adopt a child not born to them.
• Foster Family
• Includes a child no related to the family but
  cared for by them as a family member.

2.9
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The Value of Dating

• To learn social skills
• To have fun
• To learn how to give and take in a relationship
• To learn to recognize the impact their words and
  actions can have on the lives of other people

2.12
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The Value of Dating

• To learn about the opposite sex
• To abandon sex-based stereotypes (that not all
  women are like a mans mother or sisters, etc.)
• All lessons learned through dating help people
  prepare for marriage
• To learn what type of person you want as a
  marriage partner

2.12
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Dating Appropriate Behavior

• Manners and Etiquette
• show respect
• respect others privacy
• ask permission to use others possessions
• let people know where you are

2.12
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Dating Appropriate Behavior

• Manners and Etiquette
• arrive home when agreed
• make guests in your home feel welcome
• when going to someones home, arrive on time
• when at someones home, help keep neat
• use correct table manners

2.12
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Etiquette Quiz

• What should you do?
• Who do you introduce first, your mother or your
  girlfriend?
• You are at a buffet with 10 of your friends. You
  were first in line and you have your food.
  Should you start eating or wait?

2.12
56
Etiquette Quiz

• What should you do?
• You have 3 forks and 2 spoons. Which one do you
  use first?
• You need to blow your nose, is it alright to do
  it at the table?
• You are seated with guest at the dinner table and
  one of your friends call you on your cell phone,
  should you take the call or what?

2.12
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Etiquette Quiz

• What should you do?
• You are seated with guest at the dinner table and
  one of your friends calls you on your cell phone,
  should you take the call or what?

2.12
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Relationship Occupations

• Marriage counselor
• Minister
• Rabbi
• Psychologist
• Psychotherapist
• Lawyer
• Divorce court judge

2.13
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Relationship Occupations Traits Required

• Good listener
• Empathic
• Dependable
• Trustworthy
• Doesnt gossip
• Caring

2.13
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Test Review

• Unit 2, Part 2