Data Structures Lecture-1:Introduction

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Data StructuresLecture-1Introduction
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Books

• Data Structures Using C and C
• By Y. Langsam, M. J. Augenstein, A. M. Tenenbaum
• Data Structures and Algorithms
• By A. V. Aho, J. E. Hopcroft, J. D. Ullman
• Schaum's Outline Series, Theory and problems of
  Data Structures
• By Seymour Lipschutz
• Some topics will be covered from other books.
  Material will be provided for these topics.

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Course Contents

• Introduction
• Complexity Analysis
• Simple Data Types and Abstract Data Types
• Arrays and Lists
• Elementary Data Structures
• Stack and Queues
• Recursion and Time Complexity of Recursive
  Algorithms
• Trees and Graphs
• Set structure
• Searching techniques
• Hashing
• Sorting techniques

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What is a Computer Program?

• To exactly know, what is data structure? We must
  know
• What is a computer program?

Some mysterious processing
Output
Input
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Definition

• An organization of information, usually in
  memory, for better algorithm efficiency
• such as queue, stack, linked list, heap,
  dictionary, and tree,

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3 steps in the study of data structures

• Logical or mathematical description of the
  structure
• Implementation of the structure on the computer
• Quantitative analysis of the structure, which
  includes determining the amount of memory needed
  to store the structure and the time required to
  process the structure

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• Data may be organized in many ways
• E.g., arrays, linked lists, trees etc.
• The choice of particular data model depends on
  two consideration
• It must be rich enough in structure to mirror the
  actual relationships of data in the real world
• The structure should be simple enough that one
  can effectively process the data when necessary

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Example

• Data structure for storing data of students-
• Arrays
• Linked Lists
• Issues
• Space needed
• Operations efficiency (Time required to complete
  operations)
• Retrieval
• Insertion
• Deletion

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What data structure to use?

• Data structures let the input and output be
  represented in a way that can be handled
  efficiently and effectively.

array
Linked list
queue
tree
stack