Biology

1
Biology

• Ch. 20

2
A protist is any organism that is not a plant, an
animal, a fungus, or a(an)

1. eukaryote.
2. prokaryote.
3. eubacterium.
4. archaebacterium.

3
Multicellular protists are grouped with
unicellular protists because multicellular
protists

1. do not resemble plants.
2. do not resemble animals.
3. do not resemble fungi.
4. are very similar to unicellular protists.

4
According to Lynn Margulis, eukaryotic cells may
have evolved from

1. a symbiosis of several cells.
2. mitochondria that grew very large.
3. chloroplasts that grew very large.
4. plants, animals, and fungi.

5
In an amoeba, a small cavity within the cytoplasm
that stores food is called a

1. gullet.
2. pseudopod.
3. food vacuole.
4. contractile vacuole.

6
To which phylum do amoebas, foraminiferans, and
heliozoans belong?

1. sarcodines
2. ciliates
3. sporozoans
4. pseudopods

7
Zooflagellates may live in lakes and streams,
where they

1. penetrate and live within cells of a host.
2. absorb food through their cell membrane.
3. feed by sweeping food particles into their
   gullet.
4. feed by surrounding their meal and taking it
   inside themselves.

8
Which structure of a paramecium is analogous to a
reserve copy of all the cells genes?

1. the micronucleus
2. the gullet
3. the trichocysts
4. the macronucleus

9
The sporozoan Plasmodium causes the disease known
as

1. African sleeping sickness.
2. amebic dysentery.
3. malaria.
4. algal bloom.

10
Which statement about malaria is true?

1. Not all strains can be treated, and there is no
   completely effective vaccine.
2. Many strains can be treated with modern drugs
   however, there is no completely effective
   vaccine.
3. All strains can be treated with modern drugs, and
   there is an effective vaccine.
4. Malaria has been eradicated by control of the
   Anopheles mosquito.

11
Which of the following diseases does the
animallike protist known as Entamoeba cause?

1. malaria
2. African sleeping sickness
3. amebic dysentery
4. potato blight

12
A person who comes down with malaria can infer
that he or she contracted it from

1. contaminated water supplies.
2. infection by the animallike protist Giardia.
3. the bite of the Anopheles mosquito.
4. the bite of the tsetse fly.

13
Which substances allow algae to harvest and use
the energy from sunlight?

1. cilium and fucoxanthin
2. chlorophyll and accessory pigments
3. phycobilin and flagellum
4. oogonium and antheridium

14
As sunlight passes through sea water, the sea
water

1. absorbs large amounts of red and violet
   wavelengths.
2. reflects large amounts of red and violet
   wavelengths.
3. absorbs large amounts of blue wavelengths.
4. none of the above

15
What effect did the evolution of different forms
of chlorophyll in algae have?

1. a decrease in the range of depths at which algae
   can live
2. an increase in the range of depths at which algae
   can live
3. no effect on the range of depths at which algae
   can live
4. a reduction in the photosynthetic capacity of
   algae

16
To which phylum of unicellular plantlike algae do
the diatoms belong?

1. Euglenophyta
2. Bacillariophyta
3. Chrysophyta
4. Pyrrophyta

17
Euglenas have an intricate, folded cell membrane
called a(an)

1. cell wall.
2. trichocyst.
3. eyespot.
4. pellicle.

18
Which of the statements is true about
dinoflagellates?

1. They contain bright yellow pigments.
2. They can be both photosynthetic and
   heterotrophic.
3. Many species are luminescent.
4. They possess pillbox-shaped cell walls of silica.

19
What do the members of the phylum Pyrrophyta have
in common with many of the members of the phylum
Chrysophyta?

1. They have cell walls of cellulose.
2. They have cell walls of silica.
3. They have pellicles.
4. They can be both photosynthetic and heterotrophic.

20
A bloom is

1. the clouding of water by sewage.
2. an enormous mass of algae.
3. a symbiotic relationship between algae and coral.
4. none of the above

21
The population of small, photosynthetic organisms
found near the surface of the ocean is called

1. chrysophytes.
2. pyrophytes.
3. phytoplankton.
4. diatoms.

22
Which organism would most likely be present in a
water sample collected during a red tide?

1. Tridacna
2. Euglenophyta
3. Gonyaulax
4. diatoms

23
Which phylum causes the red tide that infects
shellfish with a toxin?

1. Chrysophyta
2. Euglenophyta
3. Bacillariophyta
4. Pyrrophyta

24
An example of a multicellular green alga is

1. Ulva.
2. Chlamydomonas.
3. Volvox.
4. Fucus.

25
What characteristic of plants is shared by green
algae?

1. cell wall composition
2. photosynthetic pigments
3. multicellularity
4. all of the above

26
Red algae lack flagella and

1. nuclei.
2. centrioles.
3. accessory pigments.
4. chlorophyll.

27
The phylum of multicellular algae most likely to
be observed at great depths is

1. Chlorophyta.
2. Rhodophyta.
3. Phaeophyta.
4. none of the above

28
Many algae switch back and forth between diploid
and haploid stages during their life cycle in a
process known as

1. alternation of generations.
2. fusion of opposite mating types.
3. sexual reproduction.
4. asexual reproduction.

29
The green alga Chlamydomonas reproduces asexually
by producing

1. gametophytes.
2. sporophytes.
3. zygotes.
4. zoospores.

30
In the life cycle of the green alga Ulva, one of
the phases produces male and female gametes known
as

1. sporophytes.
2. gametophytes.
3. spores.
4. zoospores.

31
An argument that does NOT support the
classification of multicellular green algae as
plants is that multicellular green algae

1. have highly specialized tissues.
2. live primarily in water.
3. display alternation of generations.
4. contain chlorophyll a, which makes them green.

32
Why are algae considered one of the most
important groups of organisms on our planet?

1. They are rich in vitamin C.
2. They produce chemicals that are used to treat
   health problems.
3. They produce much of Earths oxygen through
   photosynthesis.
4. They produce chemicals that are used to make
   plastics, waxes, and paints.

33
Some products derived from algae include

1. drugs for stomach ulcers and high blood pressure.
2. thickeners for food.
3. chemicals in plastics, waxes, paints, and
   lubricants.
4. all of the above

34
Which of the following is algaes most important
contribution to humans?

1. as a source for industrial chemicals
2. as a source for medicinal drugs
3. as a photosynthesizer
4. as a direct food source for humans

35
Which of the following groups includes only
funguslike protists?

1. cellular slime molds, brown algae, water molds
2. cellular slime molds, acellular slime molds,
   water molds
3. cellular slime molds, acellular slime molds,
   animallike protists
4. cellular slime molds, fungi, water molds

36
Funguslike protists get nutrients by

1. photosynthesis.
2. living as an animal parasite.
3. absorbing them from dead or decaying matter.
4. none of the above

37
Which type of protist is likely to be found in a
damp, nutrient-rich environment?

1. a single-celled alga
2. an animallike protist
3. a funguslike protist
4. all of the above

38
The funguslike protists that thrive on dead or
decaying organic matter in water, some of which
are plant parasites on land, are

1. water molds.
2. acellular slime molds.
3. cellular slime molds.
4. true fungi.

39
When the amoebalike cells of acellular slime
molds fuse, they form structures with many nuclei
called

1. plasmodia.
2. zoosporangia.
3. spores.
4. filaments.

40
In oomycetes, sexual reproduction takes place in
the

1. migrating colony.
2. sporangium.
3. antheridium and oogonium.
4. zoosporangium.

41
What structure of an acellular slime mold is
analogous to the colony of cellular slime molds?

1. sporangium
2. germinating spore
3. zygote
4. plasmodium

42
Protists that break down organic material include
the

1. funguslike protists.
2. animallike protists.
3. plantlike protists.
4. none of the above

43
The work of funguslike protists and other
decomposers is important in improving the quality
of

1. salt water.
2. fresh water.
3. topsoil.
4. potato crops.

44
What kinds of weather conditions might cause a
farmer to worry about infection by Phytophthora
infestans?

1. warm and dry
2. cool and dry
3. warm and wet
4. cool and wet

45
A mildewed grape crop might be caused by a(an)

1. cellular slime mold.
2. acellular slime mold.
3. water mold.
4. none of the above

46
Protists are a diverse group of mainly
multicellular eukaryotes.

1. True
2. False

47
Ciliates use flagella for feeding and movement.

1. True
2. False

48
If the people in a town contracted amebic
dysentery or infections by the animallike
protist, Giardia, the most likely cause would be
contaminated drinking water.

1. True
2. False

49
The type of chlorophyll most efficient at
capturing red and violet light is chlorophyll a.

1. True
2. False

50
Euglenas have cell walls composed of silica and
shaped like the two sides of a pillbox.

1. True
2. False

51
Blooms of dinoflagellates can cause red tides.

1. True
2. False

52
A high level of certain toxins found in filter
feeders, such as clams, may be a sign that an
algal bloom has occurred.

1. True
2. False

53
The brown accessory pigment found in brown algae
is phycobilin.

1. True
2. False

54
Members of the phylum Rhodophyta contain the
accessory pigment phycobilin.

1. True
2. False

55
The life cycles of many algae include both a
diploid and a haploid generation.

1. True
2. False

56
Dried Porphyran, called nori in Japanese, is a
green alga.

1. True
2. False

57
Funguslike protists are autotrophs.

1. True
2. False

58
Slime molds are funguslike protists that play key
roles in recycling organic matter.

1. True
2. False

59
Slime molds and water molds are important
decomposers.

1. True
2. False

60
Unlike many others in the same phylum, the spores
of the Myxomycota that caused potato blight in
nineteenth-century Ireland are airborne.

1. True
2. False