UQROO FONAEL IV Chetumal 7 NOV 08

1
UQROOFONAEL IVChetumal - 7 NOV 08

• Lextutor Serving learners, teachers,
  researchers
• Tom CobbDépt de linguistique et de didactique
  des languesUniversité du Québec à Montréal
• cobb.tom_at_uqam.ca
• www.lextutor.ca

2
CONTEXT

• Expansion of Q. Roo University
• E.g., Medical school
• More and more hard English texts to read
• Big need for high level of reading ability

3
What happens if you dont teach vocab?2. What
how much vocab should you teach?3. How can you
teach vocab?
4
What text looks like if you know all the words

• In 1978/1979, New Zealand produced 9.15 million
  cubic tons of exotic logs of which 59 percent was
  exported (as newsprint, pulp, sawn timber, logs,
  and so on). Productive capacity is expected to
  remain at about this level throughout most of
  this decade. But based on volumes of wood which
  will become available from existing forests and
  planned new plantings, production will
  progressively increase to 20 million cubic meters
  a year by the turn of the century.
• If current planting rates are maintained with
  planting targets satisfied in each region and the
  forests milled at the earliest opportunity, the
  available wood supplies could further increase to
  about 36 million cubic meters annually in the
  period 2001-2015. The additional available wood
  supply should greatly exceed domestic
  requirements, even if much is used for energy
  production.
• Even if used in an unprocessed form, the
  increasing wood supplies will require a larger
  labour force, an improved roading network, and
  expanded transport and processing facilities. If
  the trees are to be exported, then certain
  investments must be made. They will include
  investments in logging machinery and equipment
  logging trucks, and other vehicles required for
  the transport of processed products upgrading
  and maintaining roads (or rail or coastal
  shipping facilities where appropriate and port
  facilities. The list could be extended to include
  overseas shipping, and accommodation and township
  facilities for forestry workers.
• Other capital costs will depend on the degree of
  processing and the proportion of total production
  that is processed. At the potential maximum of 36
  million cubic meters per annum there would be
  sufficient timber to allow the construction of a
  number of pulp and newsprint mills costing up to
  4000 million dollars at 1978 prices (excluding
  upwards of another 1000 million for extra
  electricity). Although the potential total
  expenditure is large over the next three years
  (possibly approaching 6000-7000 million dollars
  inclusive of harvesting and transport
  investment), the incremental requirements would
  probably average only 2-2.5 percent of total
  investment in all sectors, though it would be
  higher in the years of most rapid expansion.
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on exported logs. But there will be pressure
  for further processing to give more employment
  and earn more overseas funds.
• 0 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (0 GAPS)

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What text looks like if you knowonly 1k words

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
   _______ tons of  _______  _______ of which 59
   _______ was  _______ ( as  _______ ,  _______ ,
   _______  _______ ,  _______ , and so on).
  Productive  _______ is expected to remain at
  about this level throughout most of this  _______
  . But based on  _______ of wood which will become
   _______ from existing forests and planned new
   _______ , production will progressively increase
  to 20 million  _______  _______ a year by the
  turn of the  _______ .
• If current planting rates are  _______ with
  planting  _______  _______ in each  _______ and
  the forests  _______ at the earliest opportunity
  , the  _______ wood supplies could further
  increase to about 36 million  _______  _______
   _______ in the  _______ 2001-2015. The
  additional  _______ wood supply should greatly
   _______  _______  _______ , even if much is used
  for  _______ production.
• Even if used in an  _______ form , the increasing
  wood supplies will  _______ a larger  _______
  force , an  _______  _______  _______ , and
   _______  _______ and  _______  _______ . If the
  trees are to be  _______ , then certain  _______
  must be made. They will include  _______ in
   _______ machinery and  _______  _______
   _______ , and other  _______  _______ for the
   _______ of  _______ products  _______ and
   _______ roads ( or  _______ or  _______ shipping
   _______ where  _______ and  _______  _______ .
  The  _______ could be extended to include
   _______ shipping , and  _______ and  _______
   _______ for  _______ workers.
• Other capital costs will depend on the degree of
   _______ and the  _______ of total production
  that is  _______ . At the  _______  _______ of 36
  million  _______  _______ per  _______ there
  would be  _______  _______ to allow the  _______
  of a number of  _______ and  _______  _______
  costing up to 4000 million dollars at 1978 prices
  (  _______  _______ of another 1000 million for
   _______  _______ ). Although the  _______ total
   _______ is large over the next three years (
  possibly  _______ 6000-7000 million dollars
  inclusive of  _______ and  _______  _______ ) ,
  the  _______  _______ would  _______ average only
  2-2. 5  _______ of total  _______ in all  _______
  , though it would be higher in the years of most
   _______  _______ .
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on  _______  _______ . But there will be
  pressure for further  _______ to give more
  employment and  _______ more  _______  _______ .
• 106 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (28 GAPS)
• Read with beeps before showing replicate with a
  local English text to show VPanalysis

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What text looks like if you know 1k2k words

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
   _______ tons of  _______ logs of which 59
   _______ was  _______ ( as  _______ ,  _______ ,
   _______  _______ , logs , and so on). Productive
   _______ is expected to remain at about this
  level throughout most of this  _______ . But
  based on  _______ of wood which will become
   _______ from existing forests and planned new
   _______ , production will progressively increase
  to 20 million  _______  _______ a year by the
  turn of the century.
• If current planting rates are  _______ with
  planting  _______ satisfied in each  _______ and
  the forests milled at the earliest opportunity ,
  the  _______ wood supplies could further increase
  to about 36 million  _______  _______  _______ in
  the  _______ 2001-2015. The additional  _______
  wood supply should greatly  _______  _______
   _______ , even if much is used for  _______
  production.
• Even if used in an  _______ form , the increasing
  wood supplies will  _______ a larger  _______
  force , an improved  _______  _______ , and
   _______  _______ and  _______  _______ . If the
  trees are to be  _______ , then certain  _______
  must be made. They will include  _______ in
   _______ machinery and  _______  _______
   _______ , and other  _______  _______ for the
   _______ of  _______ products  _______ and
   _______ roads ( or rail or  _______ shipping
   _______ where  _______ and  _______  _______ .
  The list could be extended to include  _______
  shipping , and  _______ and  _______  _______ for
   _______ workers.
• Other capital costs will depend on the degree of
   _______ and the  _______ of total production
  that is  _______ . At the  _______  _______ of 36
  million  _______  _______ per  _______ there
  would be  _______  _______ to allow the  _______
  of a number of  _______ and  _______ mills
  costing up to 4000 million dollars at 1978 prices
  (  _______ upwards of another 1000 million for
  extra electricity). Although the  _______ total
   _______ is large over the next three years (
  possibly  _______ 6000-7000 million dollars
  inclusive of harvesting and  _______  _______ ) ,
  the  _______  _______ would probably average only
  2-2. 5  _______ of total  _______ in all  _______
  , though it would be higher in the years of most
  rapid  _______ .
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on  _______ logs. But there will be pressure
  for further  _______ to give more employment and
  earn more  _______  _______ .
• 89 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (23 GAPS)

7
What text looks like if you know 1k2kAWL

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
   _______ tons of  _______ logs of which 59
  percent was exported ( as  _______ ,  _______ ,
   _______  _______ , logs , and so on). Productive
  capacity is expected to remain at about this
  level throughout most of this decade. But based
  on volumes of wood which will become available
  from existing forests and planned new  _______ ,
  production will progressively increase to 20
  million  _______  _______ a year by the turn of
  the century.
• If current planting rates are maintained with
  planting targets satisfied in each region and the
  forests milled at the earliest opportunity , the
  available wood supplies could further increase to
  about 36 million  _______  _______ annually in
  the period 2001-2015. The additional available
  wood supply should greatly exceed domestic
  requirements , even if much is used for energy
  production.
• Even if used in an  _______ form , the increasing
  wood supplies will require a larger labour force
  , an improved  _______ network , and expanded
  transport and processing facilities. If the trees
  are to be exported , then certain investments
  must be made. They will include investments in
   _______ machinery and equipment  _______
   _______ , and other vehicles required for the
  transport of processed products  _______ and
  maintaining roads ( or rail or  _______ shipping
  facilities where appropriate and  _______
  facilities. The list could be extended to include
  overseas shipping , and accommodation and
   _______ facilities for  _______ workers.
• Other capital costs will depend on the degree of
  processing and the proportion of total production
  that is processed. At the potential maximum of 36
  million  _______  _______ per  _______ there
  would be sufficient  _______ to allow the
  construction of a number of  _______ and  _______
  mills costing up to 4000 million dollars at 1978
  prices ( excluding upwards of another 1000
  million for extra electricity). Although the
  potential total  _______ is large over the next
  three years ( possibly approaching 6000-7000
  million dollars inclusive of harvesting and
  transport investment) , the  _______ requirements
  would probably average only 2-2. 5 percent of
  total investment in all sectors , though it would
  be higher in the years of most rapid expansion.
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on exported logs. But there will be pressure
  for further processing to give more employment
  and earn more overseas funds.
• 29 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (7 GAPS)

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Go Live

• VocabProfile Cloze
• http//www.lextutor.ca/cloze/vp/

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(No Transcript)
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What is AWL?E.g., Storytelling, American style
(APA)

• Those different versions of autobiographical
  memory can reinforce different cultural
  construals of the self. Memories that focus on
  the individual as a central character of the
  story help to reinforce an independent self,
  whereas memories that focus on important others
  and social interactions help to reinforce an
  interdependent self.
• One style is not better than the other. They are
  each adaptive within their own cultures. In
  American culture, remembering your own
  experiences is critical, because you need to
  construct a unique identity. Elaborate memory
  conversations are important to help children
  learn that skill. In Chinese culture, the
  hierarchy of the mother-child relationship is
  more important than building a unique identity.
  In both cases, the mother-child conversation is a
  socializing practice that tends to reinforce
  what's important in the culture. In American
  culture, it's important to have a child who is
  outgoing, who is not fearful, who has her own
  thoughts and feelings, who can do independent
  exploration. In Chinese culture, it's very
  important to make peace with others, to establish
  social harmony with others.
• http//www.apa.org/monitor/2008/11/storytelling.ht
  ml

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Go Live

• VocabProfile
• http//www.lextutor.ca/vp/

14

• Back to What does a text look like if you know x
  many words?
• In fact, no learner ever knows just 1k words, or
  2k, etc
• If you run tests, its always a big mix-up
• Especially in cognate languages

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What text looks like if you knowav. 60 across
1k2kAWL

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand  _______ 9. 15 million
  cubic  _______ of exotic  _______ of which 59
  percent was  _______ ( as newsprint , pulp , sawn
  timber ,  _______ , and so on).  _______ capacity
  is expected to  _______ at about this  _______
   _______ most of this decade. But based on
   _______ of wood which will  _______ available
  from  _______ forests and planned  _______
  plantings , production will progressively
   _______ to 20 million cubic meters a year by the
   _______ of the century.
• If current planting  _______ are maintained with
  planting targets satisfied in each region and the
   _______  _______ at the  _______ opportunity ,
  the  _______  _______ supplies  _______ further
   _______ to about 36  _______ cubic meters
  annually in the  _______ 2001-2015. The  _______
  available wood  _______ should  _______ exceed
  domestic requirements , even if much is  _______
  for  _______ production.
• Even if  _______ in an unprocessed  _______ , the
  increasing wood supplies will  _______ a larger
  labour force , an  _______ roading network , and
   _______ transport and processing facilities. If
  the  _______ are to be  _______ , then certain
  investments must be made. They will  _______
  investments in logging  _______ and equipment
  logging trucks , and other  _______  _______ for
  the transport of processed  _______ upgrading
  and maintaining roads ( or rail or coastal
  shipping  _______ where  _______ and port
  facilities. The list  _______ be extended to
  include  _______ shipping , and accommodation and
  township facilities for forestry workers.
•  _______  _______ costs will  _______ on the
   _______ of processing and the  _______ of total
  production that is processed. At the potential
  maximum of 36  _______ cubic meters per annum
  there would be sufficient timber to  _______ the
  construction of a  _______ of pulp and newsprint
  mills costing  _______ to 4000 million dollars at
  1978  _______ (  _______ upwards of  _______ 1000
  million for extra electricity).  _______ the
   _______  _______ expenditure is large over the
   _______ three years (  _______ approaching
  6000-7000 million  _______  _______ of  _______
  and transport investment) , the incremental
   _______ would  _______ average only 2-2. 5
  percent of  _______ investment in all  _______ ,
  though it would be higher in the years of
   _______  _______ expansion.
• It may well be that the  _______  _______ of
  return will be on exported  _______ . But there
  will be pressure for further processing to give
  more  _______ and earn more  _______ funds.
• 77 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (20 GAPS)

21
What text looks like if you knowav. 70 across
1k2kAWL

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
  cubic  _______ of exotic logs of which 59
   _______ was exported ( as newsprint , pulp ,
  sawn timber , logs , and  _______ on). Productive
   _______ is expected to remain at about this
  level throughout most of this  _______ . But
  based on volumes of wood which will become
  available from existing forests and planned new
  plantings , production will progressively
  increase to 20 million cubic meters a  _______ by
  the  _______ of the century.
• If current planting rates are maintained with
  planting targets satisfied in each  _______ and
  the forests milled at the earliest opportunity ,
  the  _______  _______  _______ could further
   _______ to about 36 million cubic meters
  annually in the  _______ 2001-2015. The
  additional available  _______  _______ should
   _______ exceed domestic requirements , even if
  much is used for  _______ production.
• Even if used in an unprocessed form , the
  increasing wood supplies will require a  _______
   _______ force , an improved roading network ,
  and expanded transport and  _______ facilities.
  If the trees are to be exported , then certain
  investments must be made. They will include
   _______ in logging machinery and equipment
  logging trucks , and  _______ vehicles required
  for the  _______ of processed products upgrading
  and  _______ roads ( or rail or coastal shipping
  facilities where  _______ and port  _______ .
  The list could be extended to include overseas
  shipping , and accommodation and township
  facilities for forestry workers.
• Other capital costs will  _______ on the degree
  of processing and the proportion of total
  production that is processed. At the potential
  maximum of 36 million cubic meters per annum
  there would be sufficient timber to  _______ the
  construction of a number of pulp and newsprint
  mills costing up to 4000  _______ dollars at 1978
  prices (  _______  _______ of  _______ 1000
   _______ for  _______ electricity). Although the
   _______ total expenditure is large  _______ the
   _______ three years ( possibly  _______
  6000-7000 million dollars inclusive of harvesting
  and  _______ investment) , the incremental
   _______ would probably  _______ only 2-2. 5
   _______ of  _______ investment in  _______
  sectors ,  _______ it would be higher in the
   _______ of most  _______ expansion.
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on  _______  _______ . But there will be
  pressure for  _______ processing to give more
  employment and earn  _______ overseas funds.
• 51 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (13 GAPS)

22
What text looks like if you knowav. 80 across
1k2kAWL

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
  cubic tons of exotic logs of which 59 percent was
  exported ( as newsprint , pulp , sawn timber ,
   _______ , and so on). Productive capacity is
  expected to remain at about this level throughout
  most of this  _______ . But based on volumes of
  wood which will become available from  _______
  forests and planned new plantings , production
  will progressively increase to 20 million cubic
  meters a year by the turn of the century.
• If current  _______ rates are maintained with
   _______ targets satisfied in each region and the
  forests  _______ at the earliest opportunity ,
  the  _______  _______ supplies could further
  increase to about 36  _______ cubic meters
  annually in the period 2001-2015. The additional
  available wood supply should greatly exceed
  domestic requirements , even if much is used for
  energy production.
•  _______ if used in an unprocessed form , the
  increasing wood supplies will require a larger
  labour force , an improved roading network , and
   _______ transport and processing facilities. If
  the trees are to be exported , then certain
   _______ must be  _______ . They will include
  investments in logging machinery and  _______
  logging trucks , and other vehicles required for
  the transport of processed products upgrading
  and maintaining roads ( or rail or coastal
  shipping facilities where  _______ and port
  facilities. The list could be extended to include
  overseas shipping , and accommodation and
  township  _______ for forestry  _______ .
• Other  _______  _______ will depend on the
   _______ of  _______ and the proportion of
   _______ production that is processed. At the
  potential  _______ of 36 million cubic meters per
  annum there would be sufficient timber to allow
  the construction of a number of pulp and
  newsprint mills costing up to 4000 million
  dollars at 1978 prices ( excluding upwards of
  another 1000 million for extra electricity).
  Although the potential total expenditure is
   _______ over the  _______ three years (  _______
  approaching 6000-7000  _______ dollars inclusive
  of harvesting and transport investment) , the
  incremental  _______ would probably  _______
   _______ 2-2. 5 percent of  _______ investment in
  all sectors , though it would be higher in the
  years of most rapid expansion.
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on exported  _______ . But there will be
  pressure for further processing to give more
  employment and  _______ more overseas funds.
• 33 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (8 GAPS)

23
What text looks like if you knowav. 90 across
1k2kAWL

• In 1978/1979 , New Zealand produced 9. 15 million
  cubic tons of exotic logs of which 59  _______
  was exported ( as newsprint , pulp , sawn timber
  , logs , and  _______ on).  _______ capacity is
  expected to remain at about this level throughout
  most of this decade. But based on volumes of wood
  which will become available from existing forests
  and planned new plantings , production will
  progressively  _______ to 20 million cubic meters
  a year by the turn of the century.
• If current planting rates are maintained with
  planting targets  _______ in each region and the
  forests milled at the earliest opportunity , the
  available  _______ supplies could further
   _______ to about 36 million cubic meters
  annually in the period 2001-2015. The additional
  available wood supply should greatly exceed
  domestic requirements , even if much is used for
  energy production.
• Even if used in an unprocessed form , the
  increasing wood supplies will require a larger
  labour  _______ , an improved roading network ,
  and expanded transport and processing facilities.
  If the trees are to be  _______ , then certain
  investments must be made. They will include
  investments in logging  _______ and equipment
  logging trucks , and  _______ vehicles  _______
  for the transport of processed products
  upgrading and maintaining roads ( or rail or
  coastal shipping facilities where appropriate
  and port facilities. The  _______ could be
  extended to include overseas shipping , and
  accommodation and township  _______ for forestry
  workers.
•  _______ capital costs will  _______ on the
  degree of processing and the proportion of total
  production that is processed. At the potential
  maximum of 36 million cubic meters per annum
  there would be sufficient timber to allow the
  construction of a number of pulp and newsprint
   _______ costing up to 4000 million dollars at
  1978  _______ ( excluding upwards of another 1000
  million for  _______ electricity). Although the
  potential total expenditure is large over the
  next three years ( possibly approaching 6000-7000
   _______  _______ inclusive of  _______ and
   _______ investment) , the incremental
  requirements would probably average  _______ 2-2.
  5  _______ of total investment in all sectors ,
  though it would be higher in the years of
   _______ rapid expansion.
• It may well be that the best rate of return will
  be on exported logs. But there will be pressure
  for further processing to give more employment
  and earn more overseas funds.
• 26 GAPS IN 374 WORDS (6 GAPS)

24
Go Live

• VocabProfile Cloze
• http//www.lextutor.ca/vp/

Those different versions of autobiographical
memory can reinforce different cultural
construals of the self. Memories that focus on
the individual as a central character of the
story help to reinforce an independent self,
whereas memories that focus on important others
and social interactions help to reinforce an
interdependent self. One style is not better
than the other. They are each adaptive within
their own cultures. In American culture,
remembering your own experiences is critical,
because you need to construct a unique identity.
Elaborate memory conversations are important to
help children learn that skill. In Chinese
culture, the hierarchy of the mother-child
relationship is more important than building a
unique identity. In both cases, the mother-child
conversation is a socializing practice that
tends to reinforce what's important in the
culture. In American culture, it's important to
have a child who is outgoing, who is not
fearful, who has her own thoughts and feelings,
who can do independent exploration. In Chinese
culture, it's very important to make peace with
others, to establish social harmony with others.
25
ANSWERS to Q1 and Q2

• If you dont teach vocab
• Ss will still learn lots of vocab, esp. cognates,
  but not the stuff they need to get 95 coverage
• What vocab do you teach?
• 90 of 1k 2k AWL minimally
• How many words is that?A. Test your learners and
  find out whats missing (1) www.lextutor.ca/tests
  (2)Batias CATS (online)B. Test your
  materials and find out whats missing

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Q3 How?

• Most coursebooks cannot do it
• in principle
• You need a dedicated vocab builder of some kind
• Main possibilities

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BEST IDEA

• Find out the frequency list your Ss are working
  on
• Then let them work with the list directly
• RESOURCE LINKED lists

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Word Coachs Pedagogy
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Word Coachs Coaches
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Content 3 strands1. Form of words
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2. Meaning of words
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3. Processing speed
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Results1c. Levels Test (3 times, both groups)
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But

• Word Coach games are missing one vital word
  learning tool on Lextutor
• Which is known to affect reading comprehension
• Concordance
• Over to Marlise for some research findings
• The original researcher who said
• We have to look at Big Numbers in lex growth