What single event precipitated the start of the Depression?

1
What single event precipitated the start of the
Depression?

• stock market crash (loses ½ its value) due to
  over-inflated prices

2
What were the two sources of bad debts that
caused so many banks to fail at the start of the
Depression?

• Loans to farmers and investments in the Stock
  Market

3
What President was blamed for the start of the
Great Depression?

• Herbert Hoover

4
What was Hoovers basic approach to solving the
problems of the Great Depression?

• Staying hands off, rugged individualism

5
Why was Hoover opposed to direct relief?

• He thought it would create a large govt, hurt
  Americas pride, and make people dependent

6
What were Hoovers two attempts at direct govt
action? What did they try to do?

• Federal Farm Board (loans and cooperatives) and
  the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (loans to
  banks and businesses)

7
Name two religious/charitable organizations that
tried to provide relief during the Depression.

• Red Cross, Salvation Army, mutualistas

8
What were some common themes in popular culture
during the Depression?

• Fighting to the top, beating the odds, escaping
  to paradise

9
What were Hoovervilles?

• settlement camps for the homeless

10
What photographer is famous for capturing the
face of the Depression?

• Dorothea Lange

11
What was the Dust Bowl?

• destruction of millions of acres of farmland in
  OK TX because of drought and wind

12
How did the Dust Bowl affect life in the U.S.?

• Many people lost farms were forced to relocate

13
What was the Bonus Army? How did the govt deal
with them?

• WWI vets who wanted their bonus early, dispersed
  by force (US Army troops)

14
Where did unemployment peak during the Great
Depression?

• 25

15
How much did GNP fall during the Great Depression?

• 25

16
Who defeated Hoover in the election of 1932? How
much support did he enjoy in the election?

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt, won in a landslide
  which gave him a mandate

17
What was his plan to solve the Great Depression
called? What did he call his big start toward
recovery?

• the New Deal, the First Hundred Days

18
What were his three areas of focus in this plan?

• relief, recovery, and reform

19
What was the Agricultural Adjustment
Administration responsible for?

• Regulating crop prices productions with
  subsidies by paying people not to farm

20
How did conservatives view the New Deal?

• 1st step towards socialism (too much govt
  involvement)

21
What was the most controversial part of the New
Deal? What did it ask people to do?

• NRA (natl recovery administration), comply with
  voluntary min. wage other regulations

22
What org. brought electricity to rural areas?

• Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

23
Who employed young men to work at road
construction at forest preservation?

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

24
What was the intended effect of big public works
programs (TVA, WPA, etc.)?

• Government spending employs people and stimulates
  aggregate demand

25
What did FDR try to do when the Supreme Court
rejected parts of the New Deal?

• Pack the court (add six justices who agreed with
  his ideas)

26
Who was the charismatic senator from Louisiana
that promised to Share Our Wealth? What
happened to him?

• Huey Long (promised 5,000 to every family, shot
  by a political rival

27
Who was Father Coughlin? Who did he blame the GD
on?

• RC priest in Detroit, Jewish bankers and
  capitalists

28
What group represented the far right response to
the Depression? What country did they think the
U.S. should emulate?

• Fascists, Nazi Germany (Hitler solved the GD by
  preparing for WWII before everybody else)

29
What group did you join to be a part of the
radical response to the Great Depression? Why
was it popular?

• Communist party, many believed the Soviets
  command economy was successfully handling the
  problems of the Depression

30
What law allowed major industrial unions to make
gains during the Depression? What union used
this to organize entire industries?

• Wagner Act (NLRA), Congress of Industrial
  Organizations (CIO)

31
What were the major provisions of the Wagner Act?

• Businesses had to negotiate with workers who
  successfully formed a union, unions could take
  grievances to the NLRB

32
How did FDR respond to pressure from these
critics and groups like the Communist Party?

• The Second New Deal

33
What were the two biggest parts of the 2nd New
Deal?

• Social Security and the Works Progress
  Administration

34
What did Social Security provide? How did it
impact the workforce?

• Benefits for the elderly and disabled, shrunk it
  by inventing the concept of retirement

35
What are three significant long term changes
brought about by the New Deal?

• Government takes responsibility for Agriculture,
  the elderly and disabled, and takes a much more
  hands on approach to the economy

36
What major event eventually pulled our country
out of the GD?

• World War II