CAMBODIA

1
CAMBODIA

• CREATING AN ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE
  DEVELOPMENT

2
Development Challenges

• Over 1/3 of the population continues to live
  below the basic needs poverty line - 90 in rural
  areas. A high rate of population growth and
  threat of landmines pose additional problems
• Women, who represent 53 of the active labour
  force and head 25 of Cambodian households
  continue to face constraints in all areas of
  life
• Cambodia has one of the highest rates of maternal
  mortality in Asia. Poor access to quality health
  services exacerbate the problem of poor
  reproductive health
• The food security situation continues to be
  uncertain because of low yields as well as
  vulnerability to floods and drought. In 2000,
  floods affected 30 of the population with
  economic damage estimated at 157 million.
• In 2000, Cambodia reported 169,000 HIV cases.
  The high incidence of HIV/AIDS is a serious
  threat to achieving the development goals of
  Cambodia.

3
UNCT Support to the Royal Government of Cambodia
4
United Nations Development Assistance Framework (
UNDAF)
2001-2005
5
HIV / AIDS

• In 2001, the Common Strategy - UNCT support to
  the national response to HIV epidemic in Cambodia
  was launched in partnership with the Royal
  Government of Cambodia. Through this framework
  the country team advocates with a unified
  approach that is
• holistic and development linked
• human rights based
• people-centered and gender sensitive
• based on the mobilization of the social and moral
  resources of Cambodian society
  
• synergistic
• The national response explicitly recognizes the
  interrelationships between the epidemic and the
  development situation in Cambodia in the
  National Strategic Plan for a Comprehensive and
  Multisectoral Response to HIV/AIDS 2001-2005

6
Poverty

• Advisory support services in support of the
  National Poverty Reduction Strategy
  
• assessing and tracking Millennium Development
  Goals
  
• preparation for major UN conferences (Financing
  for Development, WSSD, World Food Summit)
  
• facilitating Poverty Impact Assessment of key
  policies (macro-economic, trade, HIV/AIDS)
  adopting a rights based approach
  
• Building government capacity in Poverty
  Monitoring and Assessment
  
• preparing for Household Socio-Economic Survey
  2002-2003
  
• facilitating participatory based and poverty
  focused qualitative assessment
  
• strengthening policy analytical skills
• Strengthening partnership with government, civil
  society and donors

7
Environment

• UN system contributions to develop the
  sustainable management of natural resources falls
  into four major areas
  
• land use planning
• forestry
• fisheries
• environmental awareness and protection
• The UN system strategy is working to preserve and
  protect the natural resources and ecosystems of
  the country while promoting fair access to
  natural resource assets for rural and community
  development.

8
Governance

• UNCT is assisting the government to build an
  environment for peace, justice and development by
  improving respect for human rights, establishing
  the rule of law, improving public sector
  management and strengthening social cohesion.
• Support to national SEILA programme to
  strengthen local governance and establish a
  national framework for decentralised planning,
  financing and management of rural development
• Building leadership capacity of Parliament and
  other future elected bodies
  
• Advisory services in support of electoral
  process
  
• Support to Special Representative of the
  Secretary-General on Human Rights to Cambodia

9
Government Achievements

• Landmark legislation in 2001 on Commune Election
  and Administration, Domestic Violence,
  Landownership.
  
• Commitment to pro-poor growth reform process
  (Poverty Reduction Strategy, I-PRSP, SEDPII)
  
• Commitment to enhanced global partnership on
  trade (Integrated Framework on Trade and
  Poverty)
  
• Negotiation Process to join WTO
• February 2002 Commune Council Elections
• Participation in and hosting of major
  international events (WSSD Regional Prepcom 2001,
  ASEAN Summit 2002, ASEAN Conference on HIV/AIDS)