WWII: Home-Front (1941-45)

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WWII Home-Front (1941-45)

• Key Terms
• Revenue Act
• War Productions Board
• Office of Price Administration
• Braceros
• Executive Order 9066

• Intro
• Government Grows
• Finances
• Government Control
• Society/Economy
• Patriotism
• Economy/Jobs
• Women Family
• Race Relations
• Conc.

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Finances

• Cost of WWII- 250 million per day
• Solutions Money was borrowed
• 1941 debt 48 Billion
• 1945 debt 247 Billion

• Solutions Revenue Act of 1942

Thomas Hart Benton, Back Him Up
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Revenue Act(1942)

1. Instituted withholding taxes.
2. Tax rates for all were increased.

• Shows growth of Governments power.

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Government Grows

• Government Agencies
• WPB
• OPA

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War Productions Board

• Oversaw conversion of economy from civilian to
  military supplies.
• Ex Auto Industry
• By 1945 US produced more than Germany, Italy
  Japan combined.

Don Nelson, WPB Chair Former head of Sears
Roebuck
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Auto Industry Mobilizes

• Chrysler-tanks
• Ford-Jeeps Planes (Willow Run assembly line was
  one mile long ¼ mile wide).

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Government GrowsOffice Of Price Administration

• Rationed goods established price controls
• Examples steel, sugar, coffee, rubber,
  gasoline, etc.
• Slogan Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or
  do without.
• National Speed Limit

35 mph
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Patriotism Baseball

• 55,000/year
• 21.00/month
• Hank Greenberg
• National Anthem

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Patriotism Enlistments

• 1941-1.6 million in US armed forces
• 1945-15 million men 350,000 women in US armed
  forces

US Navy Recruiting Booklet
Recruiting Poster
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Patriotism War Bonds

• Many showed their support by purchasing war bonds

Thomas Hart Benton, Back Him Up
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Boom Economic

• Average Salaries (US)
• 1939-1,500/year
• 1945-3,000/year

• Unemployment (MI)
• 1933-46
• 1944- 0.6

Figures are approximate
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Women In The Workforce

• 1941-1945 6.5 million women enter workforce.
• No equal pay for equal work.

• Women were still responsible for traditional
  chores.

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War American Family

• Marriages birthrates increased so did divorces
• High school enrollments dropped
• Rates of juvenile delinquency increased

Hurley Family Photo
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WWII Hispanic Laborers

• US negotiated Bracero program due to labor
  shortage (1942-64).
• Mexican citizens worked in USabout 4 million.
• US farmers became dependent upon Bracero laborers.

Bracero workers on a California farm (1944)
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Home Front Economic Boom Demographic Patterns

• Black Population
• Seattle 4,000-40,000
• Detroit increased by nearly 50,000

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Black Americans Leave South

• Over 700,000 African Americans left South

• Racial tension developed

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Racial Tension(Housing)

• A group gathers near the Sojourner Truth Housing
  Project (1942)

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Black Americans Leave South

• Detroit Race Riots (1943).
• 25 blacks and 9 whites were killed.

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Japanese Americans

• Executive Order 9066
• 110,000 on West Coast forced into Internment
  Camps
• 2/3 were US citizens

• Reparations were granted in 1988

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Holocaust(Hitlers Final Solution)

• 6 million Jews (out of a worldwide Jewish
  population of about 15 million)
• 3.7 million Soviets
• 12,000/day at Auschwitz

30 Jewish women starved to death on 300 mile
march
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WWII Home-Front (1941-45)

• Key Terms
• Revenue Act
• War Productions Board
• Office of Price Administration
• Braceros
• Executive Order 9066

• Intro
• Government Grows
• Finances
• Government Control
• Society/Economy
• Patriotism
• Economy/Jobs
• Women Family
• Race Relations
• Conc.