HIST 1001 Western Civilization

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HIST 1001 Western Civilization

• Lecture 2-2
• Science, Society, and Culture in 17th and 18th
  Century Europe

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Housekeeping

• TAs returned document analyses on Tuesday I have
  them with me and will place them in the History
  Department after today.
• Dr. Nelles grades for midterm available via his
  webpage http//www.carleton.ca/pnelles

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Todays Main Themes

• Like absolutism and constitutionalism, new ways
  of thinking about the world emerged in the 17th
  centuries -- in the wake of religious strife in
  16th century
• New world view, new world order, new ways of
  seeing, new relationships of power.

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Nicolaus Copernicus Portrait from St. Johns
Basilica in Torun, Poland about 1580 AD.
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Heliocentric universe, 17th century depiction
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Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)
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Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
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Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition
Cristiano Banti (1857)
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Galileo on the Natural World

• We cannot understand it (the universe) if we do
  not first learn the language and grasp the
  symbols in which it is written. This book is
  written in the mathematical language, and the
  symbols are triangles, circles, and other
  geometrical figures, without whose help it is
  impossible to comprehend a single word of it
  without which one wanders through a dark
  labyrinth. (pg. 454 Kagan)

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Isaac Newton and the prism
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Nature and Natures laws lay hid in night, God
said let Newton be and all was light Alexander
Pope eulogizes Newton in 1727.
The deification of Newton
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Science AND religion? The watchmaker.

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VESALIUS, Andreas, 1514-1564. De humani corporis
2nd edition 1555.
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Vesalius and the one-sex model
Andreas Vesalius, "uterus, vagina, and external
pudenda from a young woman" (in Laqueur, 1987
10).
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The Philosophes

• Sapere Aude
• Dare to Know!
• -Kant
• -the Encyclopedie

Voltaire
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The Salon of Madame Geoffrin LEMONNIER,
Anicet-Charles-Gabriel (1812)
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Rousseau vs. Wollstonecraft
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Next class reason and rationalism run amok in
the French Revolution