Saints and Heroes of Scotland

1
Saints and Heroes of Scotland

• Who were the Celts and Picts?
• Scottish history the first 5000 years.

2
Who were the Celts?

• Images of Celtic culture?
• Stereotypes depict fringe
• Ancient Greeks Keltoi
• Barbarians along the Danube and northwest Europe
• Romans Celtae
• Tribe in central France
• Byzantines Keltoi
• All northern barbarians (including Franks)

3
Rediscovering the Celts

• Terms disappear after middle ages until late 17th
  century
  
• Gaulish, Gaelic, and Brittonic are related
  languages
  
• Term Celtic chosen to describe ancient and modern
  derivatives

• Once ranged across northern Europe from Ireland
  to Ukraine and south to Iberian peninsula and
  Asia Minor
  
• Roman and Germanic expansion pushed to fringes
• Only left in British Isles after 1st cen. BC

4
End of the middle ages

• Ireland and Scotland were never conquered by
  Romans
  
• Scotlands Celtic identity is mostly in western
  Highlands and islands

• Celtic-speakers survived in
• Ireland
• Cornwall
• Isle of Man
• Wales
• Scotland
• Brittany (France)
• Galacia (Spain)

5
Quick time-line

• 4000BC neolithic farmers arrive
• 2000BC bronze age stone circles built
• c.1698BC Iberian settlers arrive in Ireland
• These are the Picts
• 500BC iron age stone towers (Brochs)
• 43AD Roman invasion of Briton
• 84AD Roman invasion of Scotland
• 123AD Romans defeat Picts
• Build Hadrians wall
• 4th cen.AD St. Ninian begins converting souls
• 410AD British Isles free of Roman rule
• 563AD St. Columba begins converting souls

6
Who were the Picts?

• Picti is Latin for painted ones
• Irish legend and settlement in
  Scotland
  
• 5th-6th cen. lost ground to
• Northumbrians
• Irish immigrants
• Families known as Scoti (Scots)
• Also dominate inner Hebrides
• Established kingdom of Dalriada in Argyll
• Converted to Christianity by St. Ninian (4th
  cen.AD) and St. Columba (6th cen.AD)
  
• 8th cen. Norse Vikings take islands
• 9th cen. Kenneth MacAlpin begins unification of
  Scotland

7
What makes a Saint or a Hero?
8
Famous Scots

• Lord MacBeth
• St. Margaret
• William Wallace
• Robert the Bruce
• John Knox
• Queen Mary
• John Napier
• William Kidd
• Rob Roy MacGregor

• Alexander Selkirk
• David Hume
• Bonnie Prince Charlie
• Flora MacDonald
• Adam Smith
• James Watt
• Patrick Ferguson
• John Paul Jones
• Robert Burns

9
More Famous Scots

• Sir Walter Scott
• Sir James Simpson
• David Livingstone
• Lord Kelvin
• Joseph Lister
• Andrew Carnegie
• Alexander Graham Bell
• Robert Louis Stevenson
• Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

• James Barrie
• Alexander Fleming
• John Logie Baird