Motivational Taxonomy

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Motivational Taxonomy

• Economic
• Communal
• Messianic
• Governmental
• Defense

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Economic Motives

• Control Populations
• Loot
• Trade
• Foreign Investments
• Domestic Investment

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Communal Motives

• Grandeur
• Participant Excitement
• Frontier Dynamics

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Messianic Motives

• Religious Messianism
• Cultural Messianism
• Ideological Messianism

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Governmental Motives

• Bureaucratic Vested Interests
• Military Vested Interests
• Domestic Personal Power Drive
• External Personal Power Drive

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Factor 1 Economic Incentive
There is Economic Incentive
There is no Economic Incentive
US Does Pursue War on Terror
Yes
No
US Does Not Pursue War on Terror
Yes
No
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Aspects of Experimental LogicNot Available in
Foreign Policy Setting

• Can add or not add single factor
• Can control the presence of all other factors
• Can conduct repeated trials

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Identifying Revealed PreferencesWhat is
required?

• Valid Indicators We need to know what acts
  mean.
• Knowledge of perceived options available
  Available relative power
• The effect of multiple motives Motivational
  compounds
• Motivational hierarchies and conditional
  priorities (marginal utility)

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Unpacking the Decisional ProcessThree
Perspectives

• A cultural nation Identities and shared beliefs
  inform our inferences about the meaning of acts.
• An economic political contest Material vested
  interests of domestic groups compete and rule
• A political contest of ideas and groups
  Identities, motivated images ideologies

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Risks in the Cultural Nation Approach

• Do the generalization really hold. Descriptions
  of cultural identities and beliefs can degenerate
  into stereotyping.
• Who do we treat as speaking for the culture? Who
  is typical voice and where do we find it? The
  president? The media? The entertainment world?
  Business? Labor?
• What if different people in the country want
  different things and have different beliefs and
  can all effect parts of the states overall
  behavior?

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Risks in the Economic-Political Elite Coalitions
Approach

• Are the identities and beliefs of the elites a
  product of their material vested interests? What
  are the foreign policy implications of different
  professions?
• How do identify the interests of the elites?
  Revealed preferences? Same problems as before
  now on the domestic scene
• Should we think of elites as groups or as
  individuals and is the mass public only a
  constraint and not a cause?