LIBSPOSSOC 245: City and Citizenship 05052004

1
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Course Agenda this evening.
• Readings/Lecture.
• Office hours Adding 830 to 900pm from now
  until end of semester, Tuesday May 11, 215 to
  400.
• Paper due today. 3 points for each day late, 48
  hours 5 points for each day late.
• Plagiarism.
• Electronic copy must be submitted via e-mail or
  disk w/n 48 hours of paper due date.
• No exceptions.
• If electronic copy not received - 5 points out of
  100 deducted for each day late.
• Final Exam May 12.
• Comprehensive - approx.. 75 post midterm.
• Final Exam review guide discussed today.
• Same format as midterm.

2
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Course agenda - continued.
• Extra Credit Options
• Can add up to 5 points to midterm exam score.
• 76 or more only one extra credit assignment.
• 75 or less can submit two.
• At least two pages double spaced - at least 3
  external sources.
• Clear subject with me first via e-mail or in
  class.
• Due before, or on, day of final 05/12/2004.
• Possible Options.
• Urban field study report.
• Attend lecture, press conference, demonstration,
  concert, sporting event and relate to ideas
  raised in readings/lecture.
• Go to a historic monument/museum/park and write
  up report.
• Outside sources must be current 2002-2004.
• Not the same subject as presentation or research
  paper.

3
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Presentation Make-up.
• Best possible score 5 (out of 10 possible
  points).
• 3-5 page paper, not same subject as research
  paper.
• Must be turned in by Monday, May 10.
• At least 3 external sources.
• Course agenda - continued.
• War(s) on Terror and Urban Spaces.
• War(s) on Terror and Urban Spaces.
• United States.
• Urban Warfare.
• 21st century jungles (Vietnam analogy).
• Grozny (Chechen Capital).
• Iraq 2004 (Fallujah, Najaf, Basra, etc.).
• Presentations Las Vegas, Chicago 2020.
• Cities of the near future.

4
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Not new, even for US.
• Chicago as case study.
• Haymarket, Weathermen, Padilla, Hale and WCOTC.
• Presentation Panther police interaction - state
  terror and political violence.
• Terrorism as urban phenomena.
• Why?
• Terrorism/Homeland Security critical element of
  early 21st century urban politics.
• Harrigan and Vogel p. 362 will probably
  overshadow every other aspect of domestic and
  urban politics in the next few years.

5
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• September 11th impact.
• Marcuse, Peter. 2002. Urban From and
  Globalization after September 11th.
  International Journal of Urban and Regional
  Research. September 23 3 596-606.
• Concentrated Decentralization.
• Amplifies movement out of CBDs.
• Effected Chicago - planned Trump project scaled
  back from 150 stories to 90.
• Citadelization.
• Fortifications and inward looking architecture.
• Fortress architecture described by Mike Davis
  in City of Quartz re Los Angeles.
• High tech biometric entrances.
• Extensive surveillance.

6
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Marcuse continued.
• Barricading.
• Public spaces hardened.
• Surveillance of public spaces intensified.
• High tech policing.
• High tech and intense crowd control.
• Already in works for Millenium.
• Battle of Seattle.
• Post 9/11 crowd control and surveillance.
• Example Chicago Loop 2003.
• Post 9/11 New York.
• Lower Manhattan Development Corporation.
• Political issues surrounding redevelopment.

7
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Post 9/11 terrorist threats.
• Infrastructure, especially rail.
• CTA mobilization.
• April 27th Redeye article, search Taking on
  Terror.
• Post-Madrid and Moscow subway bombing concern
  escalates.
• Biological or Chemical Attack.
• Video Nightline Biowar (simulated attack 12
  minutes - 1999).
• Video CNN Community resistant to BL4s.
• Video CNN Terror Warnings/Athens today. (3
  minutes).
• Issues of citizenship and urbanization.
• Targeting of minority groups for profiling
  arrest.
• Fear without relation to actual threat.
• Successful counter-terror mobilization re
  Anthrax attacks.
• Civil liberties, privacy, securitization.

8
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Post 9/11 - effective counterterror mobilization?
• US Conference of Mayors report January 2004.
• Cities have taken following measures.
• Tightened security public buildings/infrastructure
  .
• Vulnerability assessments.
• Airport security tightened.
• Public private sector cooperation.
• Expansion of bio/chemical detection systems.
• Preparedness exercises.
• Better equipment provided to first responders.
• Public education.
• Emergency communications improved.

9
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Post 9/11 - effective counterterror mobilization?
• US Conference of Mayors report January 2004.
• Survey of 215 cities.
• Priority areas - fy 2003.
• Funding/training for first responders. 1.5bil.
• 76 cities have not yet received funds from
  states.
• State Domestic Preparedness. 556mil.
• 64 not yet received funds.
• Urban Area Security Initiative.
• 30 urban areas. 46 cities not involved in
  planning.
• Public Health Emergency Preparedness/Hospital.
• 40 dissatisfied with state coordination.
• Port Security, Mass Transit Security, Emergency
  Management Performance Grants.

10
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Post 9/11 - effective counterterror mobilization?
• US Conference of Mayors report January 2004.
• 2004 fiscal year as of en of 2003.
• Continued problems.
• State and local first responder programs 2.2
  billion.
• 60 of cities not yet notified about
  disbursements.
• Urban area security initiative. 675 million.
• 1/3 of 50 urban areas do not expect to receive
  funds.
• Metro Rail Transit Grants.
• 71 of cities served by 30 transit systems not
  receiving funds.

11
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Results?
• Congressional report just released (04/27/2004).
• 80 of federal funding (5billion) not
  distributed to cities, counties, states.
• Huge bottleneck at state and local level.
• Budgeting absurdities.
• Need to spend money first but budgets tight.
• Preparedness Exercises.
• Darkwinter.
• TOPOFF 1 - 2000.
• TOPOFF 2 - 2003.
• TOPOFF 3 - 2005.

12
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• War(s) on Terror and urban areas/cities.
• Consequences
• Expense of mobilization.
• Thickening of surveillance.
• Open Loop - Chicago Surveillance Camera Mapping
  Project.
• July 23, 2004. Christian Science Monitor Article.
• ACLU Surveillance and Wiretapping.
• Surveillance for Counterterrorism and Crime
  Control.
• Chicago.
• New director of Emergency Management
  Communications.
• Ron Huberman interview.
• In charge of CPD Operation Disruption.
• Federal, State, Local Data sharing.
• MATRIX Multistate Anti-TeRrorism Information
  eXchange Program.

13
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Urban Warfare in 21st century.
• Fallujah was shaping up to be largest urban
  engagement since Vietnam - Marines set up Iraqi
  force.
• Jungles of the 21st century.
• Complex war fighting environment.
• Urban battlespace.
• Urban triad Physical Terrain, Population,
  Infrastructure.
• Terrain Airspace, surface, supersurface,
  subsurface, interior and exterior.
• Population Large dense pockets of
  non-combatants.
• Complex and unique attributes - difference
  between Fallujah and Najaf.
• Machiavelli quote
• if any enemys army was routed they acquired a
  kingdom in a day whereas, if they beseiged an
  obstinate city, it might take years to get it.

14
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Urban Warfare in 21st century.
• What is unique?
• 2010 nearly 75 of global population in cities.
• Proportion of population is unprecedented.
• Size of urban areas unprecedented.
• Urban areas likely to become unstable with
  dramatic consequences.
• MOUT.
• Military Operations in Urban Terrain.
• Incredibly difficult to conduct successfully.
• Hue 1968, Mogadishu/Blackhawk Down 1993, Chechnya
  Grozny.
• Asymmetric Warfare.
• Counterterrorism/Homeland Defense.
• Fallujah. CNN Iraq Urban Warfare.

15
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Urban Futures - Utopia/Distopia.
• False dichotomy - somewhere between.
• Besides Bladerunner, Matrix, 24 (near future LA),
  Minority Report, Dark City, etc.
• Real near futures.
• 2003 June Chicago Area 9,333,511 - Proximity.
• 2030 Chicago Area 10,034,835. NIPC.
• 2004 US 293,176,790/Earth 6,366,513,483.
• 2030 US 370,396,000/Earth 8,130,149.
• Harrigan and Vogel and Pacionne.
• Population growth, resource scarcity, economic
  opportunity.
• Unprecedented set of environmental stressors.
• Government, Corporations, Citizens.
• How to configure cities?

16
LIBS/POS/SOC 245 City and Citizenship05/05/2004

• Urban Futures - Utopia/Distopia.
• False dichotomy - somewhere between.
• Bladerunner Future 2019.
• Sprawl continues.
• Massive environmental damage.
• Radically cosmopolitan.
• Technology and politics.
• Immigration - off world extension of capitalist
  economy.
• Tyrell Corporation - genetically modified
  workers.
• Policing apparatus.
• Matrix Future 2100-2200?
• Virtual city with a vengeance.
• Automation gone horribly awry.
• Rebellion of sentient (AI) machinery.
• War results in human slavery.
• Rebellion possible, but perpetual.