Chapter 12'1 Continued

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Chapter 12.1 (Continued)
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Adaptations of flowering plants

• Flowering plants grow in practically all land
  habitats.
• This requires special adaptations

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Above the rain forests

• Many plants grow high in the treetops in order to
  receive sunlight.
• Their roots cling to the trees.
• Some have leaves shaped to hold water.

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In the shade of the rain forests

• Plants growing in the shade of rain forests have
  large leaves to get as much sunlight as possible.

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Desert plants

• Use water efficiently
• Grow slowly
• Small, waxy leaves are adapted to slow water
  loss.
• Have large, shallow root system to absorb as much
  water as possible.

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Cacti

• Thick green stem to store water and capture
  sunlight.
• Waxy coating keeps plant from drying out.
• Spines protect the plant from animals and
  provides shade for the stem.

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Alpine plants

• Are small and grow close to the ground.
• Protects against low temperatures and high winds.

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End
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Check and Explain
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Question 1

• 1. Distinguish between vascular and non-vascular
  plants.

• Vascular plants have vascular tissue that
  transports water non-vascular plants do not have
  these tissues.

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• 2. List several ways in which cacti have become
  adapted to living in a dry environment.

• They have thick, waxy stems to store water and
  capture the suns energy.

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• 3. Find causes
• Environmental conditions caused different types
  of plants to evolve from a common ancestor
  species.
• Describe three environmental conditions and the
  type of plant that adapted to each condition.

• Plants in the rain forests have large leaves,
  which capture sunlight.
• The long, shallow roots of the creosote help it
  absorb water in the desert.
• The cushion plant grows close to the ground,
  which protects it from the high winds of its
  mountain habitat.

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• 4. Infer
• Some vascular plants such as trees can grow to be
  more than 100 m tall. Discuss the advantages to
  being tall.

• The long trunks and numerous branches of tall
  trees enable them to absorb more sunlight.
• Their height helps disperse seeds over a wide
  area.

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End