Unit 1 Chapter 2 The First Californians

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 The First Californians

• The lives of the earliest Californians were
  closely connected to the natural world.
• The Land Bridge
• The Bering Strait is 50 miles from Siberia to
  Alaska today.
• Scientists believe the earliest Californians were
  descendants of people who migrated from Asia.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Discovering the First
Californians

• No people lived in California 40,000 years ago.
• A strait is a narrow passage of water that
  connects two larger bodies of water.
• During the Ice Age, a time between about two
  million and 12,000 years ago, the Bering Strait
  was a grassy plain.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Discovering the First
Californians

• Ancient hunters from Asia may have moved across
  the land bridge as they hunted for animals.
• Archaeologists look for clues that will help them
  understand how people once lived.
• The first people in California lived in villages
  along the coast or by rivers and streams.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Discovering the First
Californians

• A group of people who live in the same area and
  are related to each other are called a tribe.
• By 1492, more than 100 tribes lived all over
  California.

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Major Northern California Indian tribes
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Major Southern California Indian tribes
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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Discovering the First
Californians

• The European explorers who came to the Americas
  then thought that they were in India. So they
  called the people they met Indians.
• These people are now sometimes known as American
  Indians or Native Americans.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• A creation story is one handed down from adults
  to children over many years.
• Creation stories explain the beliefs of a people
  and the way they view their world.
• Many creation stories tell about how people and
  nature work together.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• You will learn about how California Indians used
  the natural resources of their regions long ago.
• Each tribes way of life depended on the regions
  geography.

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Hunter in an antelope disguise
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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• People from the North
• The Yurok, the Hupa, and the Karok tribes live
  near the Klamath River in northwestern
  California.
• These tribes found shellfish for food like
  mussels, oysters, and clams.

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Klamath River lodge and sweat house
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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• Salmon was caught using spears and weirs.
• A weir is a woven stick fence.
• The California Indians used the plants and
  animals of their region to live.

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Salmon
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Indian spearing salmon
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Hupa Indian fish weir
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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• The northern tribes traveled in redwood canoes
  and traded some of the salmon to other tribes.
• To trade is to give something to another person
  in return for something.
• The Yurok tribe traded their dried salmon for
  dentalium shells.

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Dentalium Shells
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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• Because the dentalium shells were hard to find,
  the Yurok valued them highly.
• Beads from these shells served as money.
• The longest strings of beads were the most
  valuable.

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Unit 1 Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Living on the Rivers
and Coasts

• The Yurok and other tribes depended on animals
  for clothing, jewelry, and other items.
• Redwood trees were used to build their homes and
  to make large canoes.

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Yurok redwood plank houses
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Yurok dugout canoe
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Yurok tule balsa canoe